Post on 22-Jan-2015
description
DEFINITION
Organizational behavior modification, or ob mod is the application of reinforcement theory to people in
organizational settings.
HISTORY OF OB MODIFICATION
IVAN PETROVICH PAVLOV
THE LEARNING THEORY OF MOTIVATION
LEARNING THEORY
THEORY OF SOCIAL LEARNING
OPERANT CONDITIONING OR REINFORCEMENT
THEORY
THE REINFORCEMENT THEORY
The theory suggests that that behavior is a function of its consequences.
The behavior that results into pleasant consequences is more likely to be repeated and a behavior that results into
unpleasant consequences is less likely to be repeated
CASUAL BEHAVIOR
THE ANGRY BOSS EXAMPLE
FORMAL BEHAVIOR
TYPES OF REINFORCEMENTS
REINFORCEMENT
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT PUNISHMENT EXTINCTION
Positive reinforcement is a reward or other desirable consequence that follows a particular behaviour or activity. Its used to increase the frequency of action or behaviour.
Negative reinforcement is a means of increasing a desired behavior by eliminating a undesired or an unpleasant
consequence
PUNISHMENTPunishment is a means of reducing a
desired behavior by introducing a potentially undesirable consequence. For
e.g. salary cuts, termination, loss of privileges and layoffs.
EXTINCTION
Extinction decreases the frequency of behavior, specially the ones which might be previously rewarded. If
rewards are withdrawn, the frequency of occurrence of behavior is most likely
to reduce.
SCHEDULES OF REINFORCEMENT
INTERMITTENT REINFORCEMENT
FIXED INTERVAL VARIABLE INTERVAL FIXED RATIO VARIABLE RATIO
CONTINIOUS REINFORCEMENT
STEPS INVOLVED IN OB MODIFICATION
STEP 1. IDENTIFYING TARGET BEHAVIORIn this, you
basically choose the performance related behavior that would hold the potential to
bring about change in the
results.
STEP 2. ESTABLISH BASELINE FOR TARGET BEHAVIOR
STEP 3. ANALYZE ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF BEHAVIOR
STEP 4. INTERVENE WITH REINFORCEMENT
The goal in this step is to reinforce the desired
behavior and extinguish any other behavioral
patterns or activities that interfere with it.
POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT• Getting rs.100 on
the day I surf for an hour.
NEGATIVE REINFORCEMENT• Exemption from
cleaning my room every time I surf for one hour and not two.
PUNISHMENT• Cleaning all the
rooms of my house every time I surf for 2 hours. (god, I'd be horrified of that)
STEP 5. EVALUATE THE INTERVENTION TOO SEE IF IT CHANGED THE BEHAVIOR OR NOT.
At the end of intervention , evaluate your progress using the
data collected and answer the question “did the intervention lead to
performance improvement in observable and
quantifiable terms?”
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF OB MODIFICATION
THE SUCCESS STORIES.
FAILURES.
IS OB MODIFICATION