ORCID identifiers in research

workflows

Simeon Warner, Cornell University Library

with thanks to

Laure Haak, ORCID Executive Director and

Josh Brown, ORCID Regional Director, Europe

for slides and comments

NISO Webinar:

Authority Control: Are You Who We Say You Are?

February 11, 2015

“Use ORCID iDs in research

workflows to solve name

ambiguity and save everyone

a bunch of effort!”

ORCID background

• open - anyone can register, any organization with interest in

research and scholarly communications can join, iDs intended

for reuse, software open source

• non-profit - incorporated in USA, also ORCID EU

• community-driven - where community includes all sectors of

research process including publishers, funders, universities,

and the researchers themselves

two core functions:

1. a registry of unique identifiers and manage a record of

activities

2. APIs that support system-to-system communication and

authentication

see: http://orcid.org/content/initiative

ORCID status and adoption

A little over 2 years since launch, over 1.1M ids created,

over 190 members from all sectors and around the world.

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100,000

200,000

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Creator

Website

Trusted Party

2012 2013 2014

Publishing25%

Universities & Research

Orgs45%

Funders7%

Associations

12%

Repositories & Profile

Sys11%

EMEA35%

Americas

50%

AsiaPac15%

National integrations and membership

http://openaccess.blogg.kb.se/2013/01/30/slutrapport-fran-projekt-forfattarindentifikatorer/

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/whatwedo/programmes/di_researchmanagement/researchinformation/orcid.aspx

http://orcid.org/blog/2014/09/03/denmark-adopts-orcid-consortium-approach-orcid-implementation

http://orcidpilot.jiscinvolve.org/wp/

ORCID Scope

ORCID = Open RESEARCHER AND CONTRIBUTOR Identifier

o Research activities

o Living people

o There are fewer researchers than the scope of people and

personas covered by ISNI or VIAF

CONTRIBUTOR -- ORCID intended to be used for the spectrum of

actors in the research process, not just authors, and records roles.

o Already supports roles like translator, principal investigator

o 2012 Harvard Workshop http://projects.iq.harvard.edu/attribution_workshop/home

o 2014 Project CRediT Workshop http://www.eventbrite.ca/e/project-credit-workshop-tickets-10314211083

Researcher driven

Creation methods:

• integrations dominate

• website second

• institutional creation

Researcher must be involved to create or activate the ORCID iD,

and can control the privacy settings and/or add information.

Recommend institutions use the trusted party creation method

rather then direct record creation. Need to connect with and

educate users anyway. Can pre-populate registration fields.

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100,000

200,000

300,000

400,000

500,000

600,000

700,000

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Creator

Website

Trusted Party

2012 2013 2014

Leveraging ISNI Organization IDs

ORCID uses Ringgold (an ISNI registrar) organization list to support

connection between individuals and education and employment

affiliations.

Leveraging FundRef identifiers

Funding agency list coordinated with FundRef

Auto-complete based

on FundRef data

Integration of ORCID iDs in research

workflows

Publication round trip

ORCID iDs are intended to be integrated into research and

publication workflows, and become embedded in the

metadata. ORCID iDs will thus be associated with new

works at the time of publication.

ORCID

record

Manuscript

SubmissionORCID

record

ORCID

recordReview

Publication

w DOI &

ORCID(s)

CrossRef

DOI assignment

Verified ORCID, update permission

Readers

Round trip process and implications

Publisher captures ORCID iD during manuscript submission

o Authenticated process, no mistyping, accurate

o User may grant permission to add works later

Publisher includes ORCID iD in metadata when minting DOI

o Will be available to support discovery

o Available in CrossRef search

Publisher/CrossRef writes metadata back to ORCID record

o Holder notified, can control visibility

o Saves effort updating record

o Information flow to other systems such as local profile (e.g.

I've linked my ORCID record with my VIVO profile)

Similar process for datasets, mediated by DataCite

ref: http://orcid.org/blog/2014/11/21/new-functionality-friday-auto-update-your-orcid-record

Funder workflow

• Use for applicants and reviewers

• Profile data reduces applicant/grantee form filling burden

• Improve reporting accuracy

• Pull publications, datasets and other works based on ORCID iD

ref: http://support.orcid.org/knowledgebase/articles/426596-orcid-funder-workflow

An ounce of ambiguity avoidance is worth a

pound of disambiguation

-- with apologies to Benjamin Franklin

• Workflow integration avoids name ambiguity at source

• Resulting data good for disambiguation of older data

• Resulting data good for compilation of authority records

“How much information should my

ORCID record have?”

Minimal record

Registration is really quick and

easy, 30 seconds perhaps

1. name

2. email

3. password

4. agree to privacy policy and

conditions

A minimal ORCID record that is

enough to get an iD and use it in

research workflows

Helpful ORCID record

Reasons to add a little more information:

1. Provide enough information so that someone who follows a

link to your record, or searches for you, can understand which

"John Smith" you are

o alternate names

o education and employment information

o a few works. Everyone likes to show off their best work …

o opens the door for disambiguation of existing data

1. Provide other identifiers so that ORCID can act as a

switchboard to connect your identities in different systems.

o local profile id (e.g. my VIVO id at Cornell)

o Scopus Author ID, Researcher ID, ISNI

o (Using the search and link wizards that connect to these

other systems is also the easiest way to add works.)

Expansive ORCID record

There are many import wizards which not only allow

o connection of an ORCID record to other identifiers

o also import of works, grants, etc..

o source is recorded and provides way to assess trust

ORCID registry has facilities for users to enter works themselves,

specify their roles, etc..

ORCID UI groups information about the same work from multiple

sources

o user may select preferred one to display

You may make your ORCID record a complete picture research

contributions if you choose. But a complete record isn't necessary

for ORCID to work.

ORCID as a hub identifier

ORCID is a hub

Other Identifiers

Funders

Higher Education

and Employers

Professional Associations

Repositories

Publishers

The ORCID identifier

connects researchers

with their works

(papers, grants,

datasets, and more),

organizations, and

other identifiers.

ORCID APIs enable data

exchange between

research information

systems.

DOI

DOI

ISBN

Thesis ID

ISNI

Researcher ID

Scopus Author ID

Internal identifiers

Member ID

Abstract ID

Member ID

Abstract ID

FundRef

GrantID

Hub identifier linking to other

identifiers and to profiles in

other systems

… and data in machine form too

$ curl –H “Accept: application/orcid+xml”

“http://pub.orcid.org/0000-0002-7970-7855/orcid-bio”

| grep external-id-url

<external-id-url>

http://isni.org/isni/0000000351311901

</external-id-url>

<external-id-url>

http://vivo.cornell.edu/individual/individual24416

</external-id-url>

<external-id-url>

http://www.researcherid.com/rid/E-2423-2011

</external-id-url>

<external-id-url>

http://www.scopus.com/inward/authorDetails.url?authorID=7103063073&amp;p

artnerID=MN8TOARS

</external-id-url>

Thanks for listening!

Pointers

Register at https://orcid.org/register if you haven’t already!

http://orcid.org/

• Research organizations: http://orcid.org/organizations/institutions

• Publishers: http://orcid.org/organizations/publishers

• Associations: http://orcid.org/organizations/associations

• Funders: http://orcid.org/organizations/funders

• Researchers: http://orcid.org/content/initiative

Membership http://orcid.org/about/membership

• Questions: membership@orcid.org

Blog http://orcid.org/category/newsletter/blog