OPTOMETRIC EDUCATION PAPER: AA0 MEETING

DENVER, COLORADO NOVEMBER 13TH 2014

(140049)

Current Practices of Interprofessional Education at Schools and Colleges of Optometry in the USMelissa A. Vitek, OD, FAAO

John Baker, OD, MSEd Jennifer Coyle, OD, MS, FAAO

Elizabeth Hoppe, OD, MPH, DrPH, FAAO

Interprofessional Education (IPE)

Health professionals and students learning with, from and about one another to improve collaboration and the quality of patient care

World Health Organization (WHO, 1988)

“Multiprofessional education is not an end in itself but a means of ensuring that different types of health personnel can work together to meet the health needs of the people”

What it should be….…Interactive…

…not this

IPEC- Interprofessional Education Collaborative (2009)

First ‘Supporting Organization’

Attributes of Graduates of the Schools and Colleges of Optometry (revised 2011)

Graduates are expected to have:

the ability to appropriately use all resources, including the use of ancillary personnel, intra- and interprofessional collaboration, co-management and referral, in ensuring the best quality of patient care;

Have a commitment to work as an integral member of the larger interprofessional health care team to improve patient care outcomes;

ASCO Interprofessional education task force ‘charge’ (2013)

August 2013Surveyed twenty-one Schools and Colleges of Optometry:

– Presidents/Chief Academic Officers (or designate)

– Current Practices/Challenges

21 US Schools and Colleges of Optometry Participated in ASCO Survey 2013

• AZCOPT: Arizona State College of Optometry at Midwestern University

• IAUPR: Inter American University of Puerto Rico School of Optometry

• ICO: Illinois College of Optometry• IUSO: Indiana University School of Optometry• MCO: Michigan College of Optometry-Ferris State

University• MCPHS: Massachusetts College of Pharmacy and

Health Sciences School of Optometry

• NECO: New England College of Optometry• NOVA: NOVA Southeastern University College of

Optometry• NSUOCO: Northeastern State University

Oklahoma College of Optometry• OSU: Ohio State University College of Optometry• PCO: Salus University Pennsylvania College of

Optometry• PUCO: Pacific University College of Optometry• RSO: Rosenberg School of Optometry• SCCO: Southern California College of Optometry

at Marshall B. Ketchum University

• SCO: Southern College of Optometry• SUNY: State University of New York College of

Optometry• UABSO: University of Alabama at Birmingham

School of Optometry• UCB: University of California Berkley School of

Optometry• UHCO: University of Houston College of

Optometry• UMSL: University of Missouri -St. Louis College of

Optometry• WUCO: Western University of Health Sciences

College of Optometry

Survey Results19 of the 21 institutions surveyed reported

participation in IPE activities

Professionals Represented Optometry Dentistry

Occupational TherapyPodiatry Physician Assistant Public Health MD Nursing Physical Therapy Opticianry DO

Social WorkPharmacy Law

Audiology Dental Hygiene Low Vision Rehab Specialist

Psychology Gerontology Speech-Language Pathology VeterinarySchool of Health Professions Biomedical Science MS

9 PROGRAMS REPORTED A REQUIREMENT FOR IPE ACTIVITIES

• AZCOPT

• MCPHS• NECO• NSUOCO• PCO

• SCO• SUNY• UABSO• WUCO

OPTOMETRIC FACULTY PARTICIPATE IN IPE ACTIVITIES AT 18 INSTITUTIONS

• IAUPR• ICO• MCO• MCPHS• NECO• NOVA• NSUOCO• OSU• PCO

• PUCO• RSO• SCCO• SCO• SUNY• UABSO• UCB• UMSL• WUCO

8 INSTITUIONS REPORTED STUDENTS FROM DIFFERENT PROFESSIONS TEACHING ONE ANOTHER

• AZCOPT• MCO• MCPHS• NECO• PCO• PUCO• UABSO• WUCO

CASES ARE DISCUSSED IN AN INTERPROFESSIONAL ENVIRONMENT AT

12 INSTITUTIONS• IAUPR• MCO• MCPHS• NECO• NOVA• PCO

• PUCO• RSO• SCO• UABSO• UMSL• WUCO

EXAMPLES OF IPE COURSES

• Interdisciplinary Healthcare

• Basic Science (various courses)

• Evidence Based Practice• Clinical Reasoning• Interprofessional

Relations and Interprofessional Collaborative Practice

• Interprofessional Education Series

• Interprofessional Case Conference

• Interdisciplinary Geriatric Care

• Ethics in Healthcare • Global Health• Team-based Grand

Rounds

14 REPORTED PROVIDING INTERPROFESSIONAL PATIENT CARE

• IAUPR• ICO• MCO• MCPHS• NECO• NOVA• NSUOCO

• PCO• PUCO• RSO• SCCO• SUNY• UABSO• WUCO

8 INSTITUTIONS REPORTED PARTNERS WITH SCHOOLS AND PROGRAMS OUTSIDE THEIR

INSTITUTIONS

• ICO• MCPHS• NECO• NSUOCO• PCO• SCCO• SCO• UCB

Examples of IPP

• Wellness clinics• Interprofessional Externship

Rotations• Interdisciplinary Diabetes Eye

Wellness Clinic• Interprofessional Diabetes

Clinic• Hospital-based clinical

programs• Hospital-based team meetings• Interprofessional Collaborative

Practice Model at a health center

• Community clinics• Interprofessional

Collaborative Teams• Clinical affiliations with

school districts and local medical groups

• Clinical Core with standardized patients

• Development of management plans for simulated patients

• Geriatric Education Centers

REPRESENTATIVES FROM 11 INSTITUTIONS PARTICIPATED IN AN IPEC SPONSORED

WORKSHOP• AZCOPT• IUSO• MCO• MCPHS• NECO• NOVA• PUCO• RSO• UABSO• UMSL• WUCO

Trends• Those institutions housed in Universities with other

healthcare degree programs were more likely to offer formal IPE courses

• Those institutions not housed in Universities with other healthcare degree programs were more likely to offer patient care oriented interprofessional activities

Trends (cont’d)

• Most optometric faculty involvement is on a volunteer basis

• Those reporting no barriers to IPE did not report a robust IPE/IPP offering

• Not a direct correlation between those attending an IPEC conference and the quantity and variety of IPE/IPP offerings

Equal number Reported

bothParticipation in and

Barriers to IPE

19 out of 21Reported

Participation In IPE

19 out of 21 Reported BarriersTo IPE

BARRIERS TO IPE

• Lack of resources• Geographical barriers• Lack of time• Scheduling barriers• Lack of funding• Lack of knowledge of

first steps• Lack of trained faculty• Lack of administrative

support• Cultural barriers

• Lack of interest• Lack of space• Political hurdles

Institution Request from ASCO• Grant and other funding• Faculty training/workshops• Curriculum ideas• Consulting • Literature on IPE• Serve as an advocate for optometric inclusion and

recognition on a national level• Convene an IPE conference at a national optometric

forum • Facilitate making IPE a requirement for accreditation

ASCO IPE TASK FORCE HAS PLANS FOR AN IPE SUMMIT FEBRUARY 2016: SCCO at MBKU

Proposed Goals:To assemble, representatives from ASCO member institutions and other champions of interprofessional collaboration

Share best practices in IPE and IPP

Share current practices and ideas on further development for the evaluation of the impact of IPE and IPP

QUESTIONS?

Jbaker@ico.edumvitek@salus.edu