Post on 06-May-2022
Res
earc
h &
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
1-1
4/03
/200
6
Opt
ical
tech
nolo
gies
and
te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks :
som
e ke
y dr
iver
s an
d te
chno
logi
cal
brea
kthr
ough
axe
s fo
r the
nex
t dec
ade
Part
III
S. G
osse
lin, P
. Cha
nclo
u, B
. Cha
rbon
nier
, N. E
vann
o, M
. Joi
ndot
, E.
Le
Rou
zic,
M. M
oign
ard,
H. N
akaj
ima,
E. P
ince
min
,
Fran
ce T
elec
om, R
&D D
ivis
ion
Jour
nées
de la
Pho
toni
que
et d
e l'O
ptiq
ueM
oder
nes,
La
nnio
n, 1
3-15
mar
s 20
06
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
2-1
4/03
/200
6
Out
line
�In
trodu
ctio
n�
Con
text
and
key
driv
ers
of o
ptic
alne
twor
k ev
olut
ions
�Te
chno
logi
calb
reak
thro
ugh
axes
for f
utur
e op
tical
netw
orks
�So
me
illus
trat
ive
exam
ples
and
netw
ork
impl
icat
ions
�W
avel
engt
hco
nver
sion
�Ad
vanc
ed m
odul
atio
n fo
rmat
s�
Inte
lligen
t opt
ical
netw
orks
�Tr
ansp
aren
t opt
ical
netw
orki
ng�
Opt
ical
Bur
stSw
itchi
ng�
Wav
elen
gth
Div
isio
n M
ultip
le A
cces
s�
Rad
io o
ver f
iber
in h
ome
netw
orks
�M
icro
stru
ctur
edfib
ers
for h
ome
appl
icat
ions
�C
oncl
udin
gre
mar
ks
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
3-1
4/03
/200
6
Wav
elen
gth
conv
ersi
on (1
)
�Fi
rst e
xam
ple
of n
etw
ork
appl
icat
ion
(MAN
& W
AN)
Dem
uxW
CW
CM
ux
Inpu
t 1
Inpu
t 2
Out
put 1
Out
put 2
AW
G ro
uter
Buf
fers
/ R
egen
IST
STO
LAS
Mo4
.4.1
U K
arls
ruhe
Tu3
.3.6
WC
: Wav
elen
gth
Con
vert
er
WC
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
4-1
4/03
/200
6
1,5
µm
Wav
elen
gth
conv
ersi
on (2
)
�Se
cond
exa
mpl
eof
net
wor
k ap
plic
atio
n (M
AN &
acc
ess
netw
ork)
�R
emot
eO
ptic
al L
ine
Term
inal
Cou
pleu
r 1:
N
1,5
µm
1,3
µmW
DM
1,5
µm1,
3 µm
Rem
ote
OLT
ON
U (
Opt
ical
N
etw
ork
Un
it)
ON
U ON
U
ON
U
ON
U
ON
U
WC
WC
: Wav
elen
gth
Con
vert
er
WC
MAN
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
5-1
4/03
/200
6
Wav
elen
gth
conv
ersi
on (3
)
�H
igh
bit r
ate
wav
elen
gth
conv
ersi
on b
ased
on e
lect
ro-a
bsor
ptio
n m
odul
ator
N. E
l Dah
dah
et a
l, W
e1.5
.2, E
CO
C 2
005
�pu
mp=
1553
.3nm
, 0.5
pJ/
data
pul
se(@
40G
b/s)
MEA
�s
(cw
)
�s
(@ 4
0Gb/
s)U (V
)
BPF
P p=1
3dBm
P s=5
dBm
(CW
)
Gau
ssia
nba
nd p
ass
filte
r(1n
m)
Cen
tred
BP
FSh
ifte
dB
PF
�
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
6-1
4/03
/200
6
Com
paris
on o
f On-
Off
Keyi
ng m
odul
atio
n fo
rmat
s @
40
Gbi
t/s(1
)E.
Pin
cem
inet
al,
We4
.P.1
12, E
CO
C 2
005
�Sp
ectru
m &
Eye
dia
gram
sN
RZ
Non
Ret
urn
to Z
ero
CS-
RZ
Car
rier-S
uppr
esse
dR
etur
n to
Zer
o33
% R
ZR
etur
n to
Zer
o
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
7-1
4/03
/200
6
Com
paris
on o
f On-
Off
Keyi
ng m
odul
atio
n fo
rmat
s @
40
Gbi
t/s(2
)
�O
nly
8 ch
anne
ls u
sed
:–
200
GH
z ch
anne
l spa
cing
�O
ptim
ized
Rx
optic
al fi
lter :
–~
0.7
nm fi
lter b
andw
idth
for N
RZ
–~
0.7
nm fi
lter b
andw
idth
for C
S-R
Z–
~ 0.
9 nm
filte
r ban
dwid
th fo
r 33%
RZ
�In
put O
ptic
al S
igna
l to
Noi
se R
atio
= 25
dB
(in 0
.5 n
m).
�Be
tter p
erfo
rman
ces
of R
Z fo
rmat
s.�
Non
linea
r pen
alty
@ th
e op
timum
:–
~ 0.
75 d
B fo
r CS-
RZ
–~
1.5
dB fo
r 33%
RZ
–~
mor
e th
an 2
dB
for N
RZ
�H
ighe
r res
ilienc
e of
CS-
RZ
rega
rdin
gin
tra-c
hann
el fo
ur w
ave
mix
ing
�R
esilie
nce
to S
SMF-
base
d no
nlin
earit
ies
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
8-1
4/03
/200
6
Com
paris
on o
f On-
Off
Keyi
ng m
odul
atio
n fo
rmat
s @
40
Gbi
t/s(3
)
�8
chan
nels
stil
l use
d�
Rx
OSN
R =
15
dB (i
n 0.
5 nm
) @
null
resi
dual
CD
or D
GD
:–
BER
~ 1
.10-8
for N
RZ
–BE
R ~
7.1
0-11
for C
S-R
Z–
BER
~ 5
.10-1
3fo
r 33%
RZ
�Ac
cept
ance
win
dow
for
resi
dual
CD
:–
~ 90
ps/
nm fo
r NR
Z–
~ 75
ps/
nm fo
r CS-
RZ
–~
60 p
s/nm
for 3
3% R
Z
�1°
ord
er P
MD
tole
ranc
e :
–~
13 p
sfo
r 33%
RZ
–~
10.5
ps
for C
S-R
Z–
~ 6.
5 ps
for N
RZ
Shif
ts a
gain
stth
e 0
ps/
nm
poi
nt
are
due
to t
he
Tx
chir
p
�R
esilie
nce
to re
sidu
al C
hrom
atic
Dis
pers
ion
& 1s
tor
der P
MD
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
9-1
4/03
/200
6
Com
paris
on o
f On-
Off
Keyi
ng m
odul
atio
n fo
rmat
s @
40
Gbi
t/s(4
)
�16
cha
nnel
s no
w u
sed
�10
0 G
Hz
chan
nel s
paci
ng�
Ref
eren
ce :
–R
x O
SNR
= 1
5 dB
(in
0.5
nm)
–8
chan
nels
onl
y us
ed
�Fo
r det
unin
g m
easu
rem
ents
,ba
ndw
idth
is fi
xed
@ it
s op
timum
.
�As
exp
ecte
d, N
RZ
is m
ost t
oler
ant t
ona
rrow
filte
ring.
�In
tere
stin
g R
Z-to
-NR
Z co
nver
sion
with
33%
RZ.
�La
rge
spec
tral o
ccup
ancy
form
ats
are
mor
e to
lera
nt to
filte
r det
unin
g.
�R
esilie
nce
to fi
lterin
g (b
andw
idth
& d
etun
ing)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
10-1
4/03
/200
6
Con
trol P
lane
NM
S
UN
IU
NI
Inte
lligen
t opt
ical
net
wor
ks
Rou
ting
prot
ocol
: OSP
F-TE
Sign
allin
g pr
otoc
ol: R
SVP-
TE o
r CR
-LD
P
�D
ynam
ic O
ptic
al C
ircui
t Sw
itchi
ng (A
SON
sta
tus)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
11-1
4/03
/200
6
A t
ran
slu
cen
tn
etw
ork
isa
trad
eof
f be
twee
na
tran
spar
ent
and
an
opaq
ue
opti
caln
etw
ork.
OEO
con
vers
ion
(or
reg
ener
atio
n)
are
nee
ded
:
�If
th
e si
gnal
isde
grad
edov
er t
he
acce
ptab
le li
mit
duri
ng
tran
smis
sion
�If
wav
elen
gth
blo
ckin
goc
curs
(dep
ends
on r
outi
ng
and
dim
ensi
onin
gst
rate
gies
)
Tran
spar
ent/t
rans
luce
ntop
tical
netw
orki
ng(1
)
INO
UTIN
OUT
Opa
que
net
wor
kIN
OUT
INO
UT
Tra
nsp
aren
t n
etw
ork
INO
UT
INO
UT
INO
UT
INO
UT
Tra
nsl
uce
nt
net
wor
k
�W
hat i
s a
trans
luce
nt o
ptic
al n
etw
ork
?
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
12-1
4/03
/200
6
�R
esul
ts: r
educ
tion
of s
yste
m c
osts
A. M
orea
et a
l, W
e4.P
.103
, EC
OC
200
5
�Am
plifi
ers,
Opt
ical
Per
form
ance
M
onito
ring,
Dyn
amic
Gai
n Eq
ualiz
ers,
nod
eeq
ualiz
ers
and
Opt
ical
Cro
ss-C
onne
cts
20%
ch
eape
r�
Use
of r
obus
ttra
nspo
nder
s�
10%
sav
ings
with
curre
nttra
ffic
mat
rix(q
uest
iona
ble
mig
ratio
n)�
20%
sav
ings
with
sign
ifica
nttra
ffic
augm
enta
tion
(just
ified
mig
ratio
n)Sy
stem
rea
ch (
km)
Cost ratio Translucent/Opaque
10 %
20 %
Tran
spar
ent/t
rans
luce
ntop
tical
netw
orki
ng(2
)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
13-1
4/03
/200
6
Opt
ical
Pac
ket/B
urst
Sw
itchi
ng (
1)N
atur
e of
IP tr
affic
�Tr
affic
feat
ures
�TC
P re
pres
ents
80
perc
ent o
f pac
kets
�U
DP
repr
esen
ts 1
7 pe
rcen
t�
Oth
er p
roto
cols
repr
esen
t 3 p
erce
nt�
Und
efin
ed p
acke
t siz
e: th
e ov
eral
l ave
rage
pac
ket s
ize
is 4
28
byte
s (IP
v4 m
ax s
ize:
655
35 b
ytes
)�
Und
efin
ed e
mis
sion
tim
eslo
t�
Flow
�
IP P
acke
ts o
f the
sam
e flo
w a
ll go
to th
e sa
me
dest
inat
ion
�Th
e av
erag
e nu
mbe
r of I
P pa
cket
s pe
r flo
w is
abo
ut 1
5�
The
aver
age
flow
siz
e is
abo
ut 6
420
byte
s�
The
aver
age
dura
tion
of a
flow
is a
bout
10
seco
nds
�Ap
prox
imat
e flo
w a
rriva
l rat
es: 4
4300
0 flo
ws
per s
econ
ds, 1
8000
0 ne
w fl
ows/
s pe
r 10G
bps
inte
rface
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
14-1
4/03
/200
6
Opt
ical
Pac
ket/B
urst
Sw
itchi
ng (2
)Fi
lling
a bi
g pi
pe u
p
�Fi
lling
a bi
g pi
pe u
p �
With
a lo
t of s
mal
l pip
es: e
xam
ples
of v
irtua
l pip
es (S
DH
, ATM
,M
PLS)
�W
ith ti
me
dom
ain
mul
tiple
(TD
M)
-Sy
nchr
onou
s: S
DH
(def
ined
trib
utar
y le
ngth
), …
-As
ynch
rono
us: A
TM (d
efin
ed c
ell l
engt
h), I
P (u
ndef
ined
pac
ket
leng
th),
Ethe
rnet
(Und
efin
ed fr
ame
leng
th),
…
�St
atis
tical
mul
tiple
is ti
me
dom
ain
mul
tiple
with
un
defin
ed le
ngth
and
rand
om e
mis
sion
(arri
val)
�O
BS/O
PS is
bas
ed o
n st
atis
tical
mul
tiple
in th
e op
tical
dom
ain
and
allo
ws
an e
ffici
ent u
se o
f the
big
pip
e (re
sour
ces)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
15-1
4/03
/200
6
Opt
ical
Pac
ket/B
urst
Sw
itchi
ng (3
)H
ow it
wor
ks
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
16-1
4/03
/200
6
Opt
ical
Pac
ket/B
urst
Sw
itchi
ng (4
)Ke
y pa
ram
eter
s
End-
to-e
nd
Sign
alin
g
Switc
hing
Tech
nolo
gy
110
01
1010
01
1010
0na
no s
ecm
icro
sec
milli
sec
10
SOAs
MEM
STW
Cs
seco
nd1
1010
0
Gra
nula
rity
burs
tpa
cket
natio
n
met
ro
cam
pus
wor
ld
dyna
mic
circ
uit
Bur
st A
ssem
bly
edge
del
ayas
sum
ptio
n:co
re ra
te a
ppro
x.
10*a
cces
s ra
te
Ove
rvie
w o
f key
par
amet
ers
dete
rmin
ing
burs
t/pac
ket g
ranu
larit
y an
d si
gnal
ling
sche
me
(afte
r Nob
el D
4 an
d J.
San
itere
t al.,
Tra
nsiN
etpr
ojec
t, 20
00-2
003)
Gra
nula
rity
(dur
atio
n) is
the
first
crit
erio
n of
diff
eren
tiatio
n.
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
17-1
4/03
/200
6
Wav
elen
gth
Div
isio
n M
ultip
le A
cces
s (1
)
�W
DM
A : P
roto
col-i
ndep
ende
nt v
irtua
l poi
nt-to
-poi
nt
arch
itect
ure
on a
sha
red
infra
stru
ctur
e
Rx
Tx
Opt
ical
Net
wor
k U
nit
(O
NU
)T
x: c
olou
rles
str
ansm
itte
r
Rx T
x
Tu
nab
leO
NU
Rx
: Tu
nab
leop
tica
lfil
ter
+ re
ceiv
erT
x: T
un
able
tran
smit
ter
fixe
dW
DM
A
Flex
ible
WD
MAO
ptic
al L
ine
Ter
min
atio
n(O
LT)
OLT
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
18-1
4/03
/200
6
�O
ptic
al N
etw
ork
Uni
tsar
e id
entic
alfo
r eac
hcu
stom
er, h
ence
colo
urle
ss�
Easy
netw
ork
oper
atio
nan
d m
aint
enan
ce�
Opt
ions
for c
olou
rless
ON
U�
Ligh
t sou
rce
in O
NU
-Tu
nabl
ela
ser a
tON
U
-Br
oad
sour
ce a
tON
U (s
pect
rum
slic
ing)
�N
o lig
ht s
ourc
e in
ON
U-
Broa
d so
urce
atO
LT (s
pect
rum
slic
ing)
+ re
mot
em
odul
atio
n at
ON
U w
ith:
–In
ject
ion-
Lock
edFa
bry-
Pero
t(IL
-FP)
–(R
efle
ctiv
e) S
emic
ondu
ctor
Opt
ical
Am
plifi
er (R
SOA)
F. P
ayou
xet
al,
We3
.3.5
, EC
OC
200
5
–El
ectro
-Abs
orpt
ion
Mod
ulat
or+
SO
A (E
AM
+SO
A)
Wav
elen
gth
Div
isio
n M
ultip
le A
cces
s (2
)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
19-1
4/03
/200
6
�Po
tent
ialo
f EAM
and
/or (
R)S
OA-
base
dre
mot
em
odul
atio
n
Rx
Tx
-Mx
FSR
�C
ompa
tible
with
10 G
bit/s
and
hig
herb
it ra
te�
Poss
ible
opt
ical
gain
of 2
0 dB
with
SOA-
base
dso
lutio
ns�
Pote
ntia
lfor
low
cost
com
pone
nts
�Li
mita
tions
: con
tra-p
ropa
gatio
n pe
nalti
es, R
ayle
igh
back
scat
terin
g, re
flect
ions
, cro
ssta
lk
ECO
C 2
005
-Sam
sun
g
Wav
elen
gth
Div
isio
n M
ultip
le A
cces
s (3
)
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
20-1
4/03
/200
6
Rad
io o
ver f
iber
in h
ome
netw
orks
(1)
�IE
EE 8
02.1
5.3
�Ve
ryhi
ghbi
t rat
e (s
ever
al10
0 M
bit/s
)�
Very
shor
t dis
tanc
es (1
0m)
-U
WB
(Ultr
a W
ide
Band
) IE
EE80
2.15
.3a
-M
illim
eter
wav
esIE
EE80
2.15
.3c
�C
halle
nge:
Des
ign
to b
eab
le to
coe
xist
with
othe
rwire
less
syst
ems
with
out
pertu
rbat
ions
�W
irele
ss P
erso
nalA
rea
Net
wor
k (W
PAN
) and
Hom
e N
etw
orks
�M
ult
iser
vice
s fi
bre
fed
Hom
e n
etw
ork
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
21-1
4/03
/200
6
Hom
e G
atew
ay
Hom
e
Pico
cell
A
Pico
cell
B
Fibr
e co
nnec
tion
to o
ptic
alac
cess
netw
ork
Con
nect
ion
to o
utdo
orw
irele
ssne
twor
ks
(3G
,Wim
ax…
)
Mul
tiser
vice
s hy
brid
fibre
fed
Hom
e ne
twor
k
FO: F
ixed
Opt
ical
Out
let
WO
: Wire
less
Out
let
Fibr
e lin
k
Opt
ical
dom
estic
bac
kbon
e
TV h
ertz
ian
or s
atel
lite
sour
ce
WO
WO
FO
FO
WO
100M
b/1G
bE
1Gb
UW
B
Wifi
, 3G
Rad
io o
ver f
iber
in h
ome
netw
orks
(2)
Scen
ario
s
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
22-1
4/03
/200
6
Mic
rost
ruct
ured
fiber
for h
ome
appl
icat
ions
�H
oley
fiber
sam
ple
�Si
lica
core
with
slig
htG
e do
ping
�Si
lica
clad
ding
com
pose
dof
two
hole
rings
�Fi
berd
esig
ned
to re
duce
bend
ing
sens
itivi
ty
�C
hara
cter
izat
ion
�Lo
ss-
0.70
dB/
km @
131
0 nm
-0.
57 d
B/km
@ 1
550
nm�
Bend
ing
loss
-Le
ssth
an0.
05 d
B fo
r 10
turn
s@
15
mm
ben
ding
diam
eter
-Fo
r com
paris
on, b
endi
nglo
ssof
sta
ndar
d si
ngle
mod
e fib
erin
the
sam
eco
nditi
ons
is50
dB
�C
halle
nge
for t
hese
type
s of
hol
eyfib
ers
�Tr
ade-
off b
etw
een
bend
ing
loss
es&
mod
e fie
lddi
amet
er-
Easy
-to-c
onne
ctfib
ers
requ
irela
rge
mod
e fie
lddi
amet
ers
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
23-1
4/03
/200
6
Out
line
�In
trodu
ctio
n
�C
onte
xtan
d ke
ydr
iver
s of
opt
ical
netw
ork
evol
utio
ns
�Te
chno
logi
calb
reak
thro
ugh
axes
for f
utur
e op
tical
netw
orks
�So
me
illust
rativ
e ex
ampl
esan
d ne
twor
k im
plic
atio
ns
�C
oncl
udin
gre
mar
ks�
Reg
ulat
ion
issu
es�
So w
hat?
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
24-1
4/03
/200
6
Reg
ulat
ion
issu
es (1
)N
ew e
ntra
nt a
ccom
mod
atio
n
Bits
tream
Shar
edA
cces
s
Unb
undl
edlo
cal l
oop
Ow
nin
frae
stru
ctur
e
Non
eD
SLA
Msa
tex
chan
ges
DSL
AM
sand
voic
esw
itchi
ngeq
uipm
ent
DSL
AM
s, vo
ice
equi
pmen
tsw
itchi
ngan
dlo
cal l
oop
Acc
ess i
nfra
stru
ctur
ere
quire
men
t
Ince
ntiv
es:
Impr
oved
retu
rns
Ince
ntiv
es:
Poss
ibili
tyof
com
plet
ely
win
ning
over
the
clie
nt
¿Inc
entiv
es?
¿Inc
entiv
es?
?
Theladderofinvestment
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
25-1
4/03
/200
6
Reg
ulat
ion
issu
es (2
)Eu
rope
anbr
oadb
and
deve
lopm
ent
�M
ost c
omm
on s
olut
ion
adop
ted
by n
ew e
ntra
nts
is th
e bi
tstr
eam
and
resa
le a
cces
s, in
stea
d of
fully
Unb
undl
ed L
ocal
Loo
p (U
LL)
or s
hare
d ac
cess
line
�In
vest
men
t in
new
infra
stru
ctur
e by
new
ent
rant
s gr
ows
slow
ly�
Expe
cted
FTTx
pene
tratio
nev
olut
ion
in E
urop
e gr
ows
very
slow
ly(%
of b
road
band
conn
ectio
ns, s
ourc
e ID
ATE)
:�
70%
of F
TTH
proj
ects
in E
urop
ein
volv
em
unic
ipal
ities
or p
ower
util
ities
�So
met
hing
is fa
iling
in
the
Euro
pean
bro
adba
nd
deve
lopm
ent m
odel
!
0,00
%
10,0
0%
20,
00%
30,
00%
40,
00%
50,
00%
60,
00%
200
42
005
2006
2007
200
8
SO
UT
H K
OR
EAJ
AP
AN
U
SA
EU
RO
PE
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
26-1
4/03
/200
6
Reg
ulat
ion
issu
es (3
)O
ther
broa
dban
dde
velo
pmen
tmod
els
�U
SA :
a ne
w re
gula
tion
fram
ewor
ksi
nce
2003
�Pr
iorit
y on
incr
easi
ng th
e sp
eed
of a
cces
s ne
twor
ks�
Prog
ress
ive
elim
inat
ion
of U
nbun
dled
Loc
al L
oop
polic
y:-
Supp
ress
ion
of s
hare
d ac
cess
-Se
tting
of d
efin
itive
ULL
fini
sh d
ata
(201
0)�
No
regu
latio
n in
new
infr
astr
uctu
re d
eplo
ymen
t (FT
Tx)
�Ja
pane
sego
vern
men
tpro
mot
es a
nd fa
cilit
ates
inve
stm
ent i
n br
oadb
and
infra
stru
ctur
es�
FTTH
is g
row
ing
mor
e th
an A
DSL
. �
Japa
n is
the
first
cou
ntry
in b
road
band
pen
etra
tion
with
alte
rnat
ive
tech
nolo
gies
(fun
dam
enta
lly F
TTx)
.�
3.4
mill
ion
FTTH
use
rs in
Jun
e 20
05�
NTT
will
inve
st 3
8 bi
llion
euro
s to
reac
h 30
milli
on F
FTH
clie
nts
in 2
010
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
27-1
4/03
/200
6
So w
hat?
!
�C
ostr
educ
tions
and
incr
ease
of fl
exib
ility
will
beth
e m
ain
driv
ers
for t
he e
volu
tion
of o
ptic
altr
ansp
ort n
etw
orks
�O
ptic
al a
cces
sne
twor
ksw
illbe
unav
oida
ble
in th
e ne
xtde
cade
……
prov
ided
that
regu
latio
nal
low
sac
tual
inve
stm
ents
in c
ostly
fiber
infra
stru
ctur
e an
d pr
omot
esfa
cilit
ies-
base
dco
mpe
titio
n
�H
omes
will
inte
grat
eva
rious
broa
dban
dte
chno
logi
es:
�R
adio
will
beun
avoi
dabl
eth
anks
to it
sfle
xibi
lity
�Br
oadb
and
wire
line
hom
e ne
twor
ks w
illbe
requ
ired
to fe
edhi
gh-fr
eque
ncy
radi
o ce
lls-
Opt
ical
fibe
rwill
bea
clea
rcha
lleng
er to
pow
er li
ne c
omm
unic
atio
n
Res
earc
h&
Dev
elop
men
tO
ptic
al te
chno
logi
es a
nd te
leco
mm
unic
atio
n ne
twor
ks –
JPO
M 2
006
–D
28-1
4/03
/200
6