Post on 05-Apr-2018
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OPTICAL FIBER
PREPARED BY
PAWAN
ROLL NO-
BE (MECH)
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Evolution of Fiber
1880 Alexander Graham Bell
1930 Patents on tubing
1950 Patent for two-layer glass wave-guide
1960 Laser first used as light source
1965 High loss of light discovered
1970s Refining of manufacturing process1980s OF technology becomes backbone
of long distance telephone networks in NA.
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Introduction to Optical Fibers.
Fibers of glass
Usually 120 micrometers in diameter
Used to carry signals in the form of
light over distances up to 50 km.No repeaters needed.
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PARTS OF OPTICAL FIBER
Core thin glass center of the fiber wherelight travels.
Cladding outer optical material surroundingthe core
Buffer Coating plastic
coating that protects
the fiber.
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Advantages of Optical Fibre
Thinner Less Expensive
Higher Carrying Capacity Less Signal Degradation& Digital Signals Light SignalsNon-Flammable
Light Weight
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Areas of Application
Telecommunications
Local Area Networks
Cable TV
CCTV
Optical Fiber Sensors
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Type of Fibers
Optical fibers come in two types:
Single-mode fibers used to transmit one signal perfiber (used in telephone and cable TV). They havesmall cores(9 microns in diameter) and transmit infra-red light from laser.
Multi-mode fibers used to transmit many signalsper fiber (used in computer networks). They have
larger cores(62.5 microns in diameter) and transmitinfra-red light from LED.
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How Does Optical Fibre TransmitLight??
Total Internal Reflection.
Fibre Optics Relay Systems has
-Transmitter
-Optical Fibre-Optical Regenerator
-Optical Receiver
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Total Internal Reflection in Fiber
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How are Optical Fibres made??
Three Steps are Involved
-Making a Perform Glass Cylinder
-Drawing the Fibers from the preform
-Testing the Fiber
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Optical Fiber Laying
Mechanical LinkingIncludes coupling of two connectors end to end
Optical distribution frames allow cross connect fibers from bymeans of connection leads and optical connectors
Soldering:This operation is done with automatic soldering machinethat ensures:
Alignment of fibers core along the 3 axis Visual display in real-time of the fibers solderingTraction test after soldering (50 g to 500 g)
Blowing Used in laying optical cables in roadways. Cables can be blown in a tube high density Poly Ethylene Optical fiber is then blown in the tube using an air
compressor which can propel it up to 2 kilometers away.
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Fiber Distributed Data InterfaceStations are connected in a dual ring
Transmission rate is 100 mbps
Total ring length up to 100s of kms.
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This concludes our study of Fiber Optics. We havelooked at how they work and how they are made. We haveexamined the properties of fibers, and how fibers are
joined together. Although this presentation does not coverall the aspects of optical fiber work it will have equippedyou knowledge and skills essential to the fiber opticindustry.
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THANK YOU