Post on 22-May-2015
description
Open Educational ResourcesPolicy and Development
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.
Slides 2-38 attributed to David Wiley
TJ BlissRep. Scott Hochberg
Education Is Sharing
the technical argument
Education Is Sharing
the technical argument
Teachers Share With Students
knowledge and skillsfeedback and criticism
encouragement
Students Share With Teachers
questionsassignments
tests
If There Is No Sharing
there is no education
Successful Educators
share most completelywith the most students
Knowledge is Magical
can be given without being given away
Physical Expressions Are Not
to give a book you must give it away
Expressions Are Different
To give a book you must give it away
When Expressions Are Digital
they also become magical
E.g., Online Book
We can all read simultaneously
An Indescribable Advance
the first time in human history
Both Knowledge and Expressions
can be given without being given away
Unprecedented Capacity
we can share as never before
Unprecedented Capacity
we can educate as never before
What Does “Share” Mean?
online it means copy and distribute
Cost of “Copy”
For one 250 page book:
• Copy by hand - $1,000
• Copy by print on demand - $4.90
• Copy by computer - $0.00084
Cost of “Distribute”
For one 250 page book:
• Distribute by mail - $5.20
• Distribute by Internet - $0.00072
Copy and Distribute are “Free”
this changes everything
Educational Sharing
also means adapting or editing
Sense-making, Meaning-making
connecting to prior knowledgerelating to past experience
(in an appropriate language)
Digital Makes Editing “Free”
editing a printed book or magazine is difficult and expensive
Free Copy, Distribute, Edit
we can share as never before
Free Copy, Distribute, Edit
we can educate as never before
Except We Can’t
© forbids copying, distributing, and editing
© Cancels the Possibilities
of digital media and the internet
InternetEnables
what to do?
CopyrightForbids
use copyright to enforce sharing
The 4Rs
Reuse – copy verbatimRedistribute – share with others
Revise – adapt and editRemix – combine with others
Over 400 Million Items
using CC licenses at end of 2010
Image Credit: ohinternet.com
Image Credits: ck12.org; yale.edu; whybetrue.com
The “Open” in OER
free permission to do the 4Rs
InternetEnables
OERAllows
sharing and educating at unprecedented scale
OER Policy
What is it?Why is it needed?
OER Policy
• Allows copyright retention• Funds development• Materials definition
• Grants adoption authority• Encourages/supports adoption
K-12 State Policies
Georgia Virtual Learning OER terms of use (GA)H.B. 2336 (WA) – Form advisory committee on state-led OCW
H.B. 2337 (WA) – Creation of state-led OCWH.B. 6 (TX) – Instructional Materials Allotment
L.D. 569 (ME) – Establishes clearinghouse for info on use of OER (K12)Rule R277-111 (UT) – Educators may use CC license on materials produced (K12)
S.B. 6231 (WA) – Appropriation of textbook funds to OER development (K12)H.B. 1941 (VA) – Permission for state employees to use CC licenses
H.B. 2488 (TX) – Relating to OER adoption in public schoolsS.B. 6460 (WA) – Requires model policy for open licensing of courseware
Three Unique Cases
WashingtonUtahTexas
Washington
Legislative SupportState Board of Education Support
Statewide Initiatives
Washington H.B. 2337
• Requires CCSSO to take lead in developing openly licensed courseware
• Allocates 1.5% of state instructional materials budget to content development
Washington OSPI
• Full-time staff dedicated to implementation• Project development• Advisory committee• Ongoing communication with legislators
Potential in Washington
• 294 districts• 1 million K-12 students• $130 million textbook budget• $6 million per book per grade• A few adoptions in a few districts = $$$ saved• 1-million student-owned books– Take home– Annotate– Highlight
Utah
State Board of Education SupportOER Expertise
District and Statewide Initiatives
Utah R277-111-3
• Educators may share materials for noncommercial use under CC license
• Educators do need permission to share personally developed materials
• Educators may not sell materials developed with public funds (i.e. developed within scope of employment)
OER Drivers in Utah
• Individuals– State Board personnel– Education researchers (Open Education Group)
• Schools– Open High School of Utah
• Districts– Nebo
Utah Open Textbook Project
• 3,000 students using open science texts in 2012• $5 per book• Realized cost savings = $15,000• Science expanding to 75,000 students in 2013• Potential 7-year savings:– Science only = $3 million– Science plus other core subjects = $10 million
• The student benefit
Texas
Legislative Policy
Rep. Scott Hochberg
Texas H.B. 2488
iNACOL OER Policy Fellowship
• Research and Authoring Two Reports1. OER Policy Models, Strategies and
Recommendations• Practical guide for policymakers related to policies
supporting adoption, use, and development of OER
Are you aware of any policies related to OER at the school, district, or state levels?
iNACOL OER Policy Fellowship
• Research and Authoring Two Reports1. OER Policy Models, Strategies and
Recommendations• Practical guide for policymakers related to policies
supporting adoption, use, and development of OER
2. OER Collaborative Development Guide• Practical guide for states, districts, and schools for
content development in the context of the common core.
Collaborative Content Development Guide
– Why it’s important to use/develop OER– How and why on getting started– Lessons learned from past/current initiatives– Steps to take– Recommendations– Resources
Are you aware of any past or current content development initiatives that are using open educational resources (OER)?