Post on 30-May-2018
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presented by : Hussa KhalidAl-othman
ObesityBMI nutrition
Caloric Value
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Obesity And Overweight areboth chronic conditions thatare the result of an energy
imbalance over a period oftime.
The cause of this energyimbalance can be due to acombination of severaldifferent factors and variesfrom one person to another.
Individual behaviors,environmental factors, andgenetics all contribute to thecomplexity of the obesityepidemic
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Our body made up
of :
water fat,
protein carbohydrate and various vitamins and
minerals.
Obesity is defined simply as too muchbody fat.
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ENERGY IMBALANCE
Energy Imbalance Whatis it? Energy balance can be
compared to a scale.
An energy imbalance ariseswhen the number of caloriesconsumed is not equal to thenumber of calories used by thebody.
Weight gain usually involvesthe combination of consumingtoo many calories and notexpending enough throughphysical activity.
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Energy Imbalance Effects inthe Body
Energy Imbalance Effectsin the Body Excess energyis stored in fat cells,which enlarge or multiply.
Enlargement of fat cellsis known as hypertrophy,whereas multiplication offat cells is known ashyperplasia.
With time, excesses inenergy storage lead toobesity.
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Fat is needed
Fat is neededEveryone needs acertain amount ofbody fat for storedenergy, heatinsulation, shockabsorption, andother functions.
As a rule, womenhave more body fat
than men
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Is there a differentbetween
Overweight andObesity ????
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Overweight Overweight is an
excess amount ofbody weight that
includes muscle,bone, fat, and water.
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Obesity Obesity is
excessively highamounts of body fat
in relation to leanbody mass.
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Causes:Genetics
Environmentalfactors
Physical activityPsychologicalfactors
IllnessAge
Wrong live style
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TYPE:Child type
Adult type
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Obesity in Children andAdolescents
Overweight and obesity is a growing problem amongchildren and adolescents in the KSA . .
Being overweight or obese can cause health issues.
The first step in evaluating your weight is todetermine your Body Mass Index (BMI).
BMI is a measure of body fatness; it is used to identifyoverweight and obesity in children and adolescents.
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Weight ClassificationsReview:
Weight Classifications A Review Body mass index (BMI) is amathematical ratio which is calculated as weight (kg)/ heightsquared (m2).
It is used to describe an individuals relative weight for height,and is significantly correlated with total body fat content.
BMI is intended for those 20 years of age and older.
You can find tables on the web that have done the math andmetric conversions for you.
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BMIBMI Classification
Less than 18.5 underweight
18.524.9 normal weight
25.029.9 is overweight
30.034.9 is class I obesity
35.039.9 class II obesity
Over 40.0 class III obesity
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The Problem: Poor diet andinactivity kill 400,000 people per
year. 1/3 of Saudies born in 2000will develop diabetes. Cases ofType II diabetes are on the rise.
The Problem: CDC estimates61% of Saudies are overweight.(15% ages 6-19) KSA Surgeon
General states during the last 20years, the number of overweightchildren has doubled, and thenumber of overweight adolescentshas tripled.
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The Problem:Overweight adolescentshave a 70% chance ofbecoming obese adults.(Up to 80% if a parentis obese) The mostimmediate consequence,
as perceived bychildren, is socialdiscrimination.
The Problem:'Children today have ashorter life expectancythan their parents forthe first time in 100
years.'
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Possible Side Effects ofObesity
While most of us alreadyknow that beingoverweight or obese canincrease a child or
adolescent's risk for lowself-esteem, did you knowthat there are many otherrisks and complicationsassociated with
overweight and obesity?
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Type 2 diabetes
Increased risk of heart disease High blood pressure Breathing problems
Trouble sleeping (sleep apnea) Depression
Anxiety High total cholesterol(Dyslipidemia)
Stroke Gallbladder disease
Osteoarthritis
Some cancers (endometrial,breast and colon)
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Possible Solution
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Possible Solution:
Physical
activity
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Calorie
restriction
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Pharmacologic &
surgicaltreatment
l i d d
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Calories needed per
day The amount of calories neededdaily is determined by such
factors as your level of physicalactivity (calorie expenditure),
your state of health andwhether you need to lose weight,maintain weight, or gain weight.
There is no one-fit-all answer. However, here are the general
guidelines for dailycalories:
2,500 calories per day for men(more if you are very active)
2,000 calories per day forwomen (more if you are veryactive)
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If you need to lose weight,start by eating 300 less
calories per day and exercisemore. Cardio exercise isexcellent for health orweight loss (and will burnmore calories).
You can use the above generalguidelines to start with. Bearin mind that average womenand men will need somewherebetween 1,700 to 2,200calories per day to provideenough energy and that less
than 1,500 calories per daywill put a serious strain onyour health and nutritionalneeds.
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Examples
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Thank you
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Questions :
when the energy imbalance arises?
Is fat needed in our body?
What is the different between overweight and obesity ?
What are the causes of the obesity ?
Name 5 possible side effect of obesity?
What are the normal calories that our body needed daily ?