Post on 02-Feb-2022
Canada’s national laboratory for particle and nuclear physics Laboratoire national canadien pour la recherche en physique nucléaire et en physique des particules
Owned and operated as a joint venture by a consortium of Canadian universities via a contribution through the National Research Council Canada Propriété d’un consortium d’universités canadiennes, géré en co-entreprise à partir d’une contribution administrée par le Conseil national de recherches Canada
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
Sonia Bacca | Research Scientist | TRIUMF Adj. Prof. | University of Manitoba
For the TRIUMF Theory Group
Nuclear Halo
Theory Cluster
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 2
Theory Group OverviewMake progress in our understanding of the building blocks of matter and provide theoretical guidance to interpret experiments done at TRIUMF and elsewhere
• What is the mechanism of electro-weak symmetry breaking?
• How does the strong force form stable and unstable nuclei?
• What is the role of particles and nuclei in astrophysics?
Mission:
The TRIUMF Theory Group has diversified and broad interests in subatomic physics, encompassing particle and nuclear physics. Our goal is to tackle big questions like
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 2
Theory Group OverviewMake progress in our understanding of the building blocks of matter and provide theoretical guidance to interpret experiments done at TRIUMF and elsewhere
• What is the mechanism of electro-weak symmetry breaking?
• How does the strong force form stable and unstable nuclei?
• What is the role of particles and nuclei in astrophysics?
Mission:
The TRIUMF Theory Group has diversified and broad interests in subatomic physics, encompassing particle and nuclear physics. Our goal is to tackle big questions like
People: 5 Staff Scientists [NRC funded, R.Woloshyn retiring ongoing search for replacement]
7 Research Associates [5 NRC funded and 2 NSERC funded]
4 Graduate Students [UBC, SFU, U of Manitoba, NSERC funded]
2 Undergraduate Students [UBC and SFU; NRC and NSERC funded]
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 3
Scientific Excellence
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Organization of workshops 18 local workshops in the last 5 yearsIn 2013:- Progress in ab-initio techniques in nuclear physics, Feb 21-23- Neutrinos and nuclear theory, April 29 - May 3- Cosmology at colliders, Dec 9-11Participated in organizing international workshops at Aspen Centre of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Theory and European Centre of Theoretical Studies
4
Recent Activities
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Organization of workshops 18 local workshops in the last 5 yearsIn 2013:- Progress in ab-initio techniques in nuclear physics, Feb 21-23- Neutrinos and nuclear theory, April 29 - May 3- Cosmology at colliders, Dec 9-11Participated in organizing international workshops at Aspen Centre of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Theory and European Centre of Theoretical Studies
4
Recent Activities
• Numerous invited plenary talks at major conferencesincluding International Nuclear Physics Conference, Few-Body Conference, Higgs ModelsInvited colloquiums at university departments -15 in the last 3 years-
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Organization of workshops 18 local workshops in the last 5 yearsIn 2013:- Progress in ab-initio techniques in nuclear physics, Feb 21-23- Neutrinos and nuclear theory, April 29 - May 3- Cosmology at colliders, Dec 9-11Participated in organizing international workshops at Aspen Centre of Physics, Institute of Nuclear Theory and European Centre of Theoretical Studies
4
Recent Activities
• Successful HQP We have placed our people into prestigious postdocs and faculty positions S.Bacca, RA Research Scientist@TRIUMFJ. Braun, RA Assistant professor@TU DarmstadtK.Hebeler, RA Herzberg Fellow, GermanyR.Sharma, RA Assistant professor@TIFR, India P.Winslow, Ph.D. Student Postdoc@U Mass Amherst
• Numerous invited plenary talks at major conferencesincluding International Nuclear Physics Conference, Few-Body Conference, Higgs ModelsInvited colloquiums at university departments -15 in the last 3 years-
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Unique training/research experience for Canadian and international students attract students from Canadian universities and abroad
5
Recent Activities
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Unique training/research experience for Canadian and international students attract students from Canadian universities and abroad
5
Recent Activities
• Numerous active collaborations within Canada and abroad - 41 external collaborators -
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Unique training/research experience for Canadian and international students attract students from Canadian universities and abroad
5
Recent Activities
• Act as a centre for visitors and collaborators - 50 in 2013 -
• Numerous active collaborations within Canada and abroad - 41 external collaborators -
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Unique training/research experience for Canadian and international students attract students from Canadian universities and abroad
5
Recent Activities
• Act as a centre for visitors and collaborators - 50 in 2013 -
• Numerous active collaborations within Canada and abroad - 41 external collaborators -
• Growing publication record
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
10
20
30
40Theory Publications
/YTD
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Unique training/research experience for Canadian and international students attract students from Canadian universities and abroad
5
Recent Activities
• Act as a centre for visitors and collaborators - 50 in 2013 -
• Numerous active collaborations within Canada and abroad - 41 external collaborators -
6 Phys. Rev. Lett. in 2013
• Growing publication record
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 20130
10
20
30
40Theory Publications
/YTD
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6N
Z
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
N
Z
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
ab-initio
N
Z
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
Nucleus Proton
QCDSystem of strongly interacting
protons and neutrons
ab-initio
N
Z
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
Nucleus Proton
QCDSystem of strongly interacting
protons and neutrons
Chiral Effective Field Theory [ EFT] Theoretical tool to systematically derive forces among nucleons preserving the symmetries of QCD where two- and three-nucleon forces arise naturally
�
ab-initio
N
Z
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
Nucleus Proton
QCDSystem of strongly interacting
protons and neutrons
Chiral Effective Field Theory [ EFT] Theoretical tool to systematically derive forces among nucleons preserving the symmetries of QCD where two- and three-nucleon forces arise naturally
�
ab-initio
N
Z
two-nucleon forcesNN
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
Nucleus Proton
QCDSystem of strongly interacting
protons and neutrons
Chiral Effective Field Theory [ EFT] Theoretical tool to systematically derive forces among nucleons preserving the symmetries of QCD where two- and three-nucleon forces arise naturally
�
ab-initio
N
Z
two-nucleon forcesNN
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear Theory
6
The ultimate goal is to develop a unified theory of all nuclei in the nuclear chart
Nucleus Proton
QCDSystem of strongly interacting
protons and neutrons
Chiral Effective Field Theory [ EFT] Theoretical tool to systematically derive forces among nucleons preserving the symmetries of QCD where two- and three-nucleon forces arise naturally
�
+ three-nucleon forces3N
ab-initio
N
Z
two-nucleon forcesNN
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nuclear AstrophysicsAstrophysics requires input from nuclear theory to answer questions like:
• What is the nature of neutron stars? Need for NN, 3N, ... for the EOS
7
Supernovae Explosion
Neutron star Neutron star merger
Heavy elements in r-process Need for masses, half lives, single particle structure
• How did the nucleosynthesis of elements occur? Light elements in BBN Need for fusion cross sections
more in Dillmann’s and Ruiz’s talks
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 8
Synergy between theory and experiment
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 9
Pohl et al., Nature (2010)µH Lamb shift
ordinary Hydrogen
e-
µ-
µ-
Strong experimental program at PSI (Switzerland) to unravel this mystery by studying other µ-atoms?
The Proton Radius Puzzle
Big questions of this decay: is lepton universality valid?
How small is the proton?
�E2S�2P = �QED + �nucl +m3
r(Z↵)4
12hR2i
related to the excitation ofthe nucleus
need to know it at 5% level
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 9
Pohl et al., Nature (2010)µH Lamb shift
ordinary Hydrogen
e-
µ-
µ-
Strong experimental program at PSI (Switzerland) to unravel this mystery by studying other µ-atoms?
The Proton Radius Puzzle
Big questions of this decay: is lepton universality valid?
How small is the proton?
�E2S�2P = �QED + �nucl +m3
r(Z↵)4
12hR2i
related to the excitation ofthe nucleus
need to know it at 5% level
From experiment
Nuclear structure corrections in µ4He+
Dipole Excitation in 4He
Theory
C.Ji et al., PRL 111, 143402 (2013)
�nucl = �3.1± 20% meV
�nucl = �2.47± 6% meVFrom Theory
from EFT�
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 10
two proton halo
one proton halo
one neutron halo
two neutron halo
four neutron halo
• Exotic nuclei with an interesting structure
Halo n/p6He 28He 311Li 2.6612C 1
• Neutron halos: Large n/p ratio (neutron-rich)
208Pb12 fm11Li 7 fm
Halo Nuclei
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 11
• High-precision Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques allow accurate measurements of energies and charge radii of exotic isotopes
Helium chain
and Borromean halo nucleus
4He3He 5He 7He6He 8He
....
bound unboundand halo
bound bound boundunbound
Halo Nuclei
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMFWednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 11
• High-precision Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques allow accurate measurements of energies and charge radii of exotic isotopes
Helium chain
and Borromean halo nucleus
4He3He 5He 7He6He 8He
....
bound unboundand halo
bound bound boundunbound
Halo Nuclei
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4S2n [MeV]
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
r pp [f
m]
GFMCNCSMFMDMCMEIHH
6He
Vlow k(N3LO)
EXP
⇤
⇒ better constraint on radius as well
Calculations from Hyper-spherical Harmonics (S.B)
Brodeur et al., PRL 108, 052504 (2012)
S2n from TITAN masses/energies
NN from EFT
+3N
�
S2n = BE(6He)�BE(4He)
@TRIUMF
6He
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMFWednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 11
• High-precision Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques allow accurate measurements of energies and charge radii of exotic isotopes
Helium chain
and Borromean halo nucleus
4He3He 5He 7He6He 8He
....
bound unboundand halo
bound bound boundunbound
Pointing towards the importance
of three-nucleon forces
Halo Nuclei
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4S2n [MeV]
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
r pp [f
m]
GFMCNCSMFMDMCMEIHH
6He
Vlow k(N3LO)
EXP
⇤
⇒ better constraint on radius as well
Calculations from Hyper-spherical Harmonics (S.B)
Brodeur et al., PRL 108, 052504 (2012)
S2n from TITAN masses/energies
NN from EFT
+3N
�
S2n = BE(6He)�BE(4He)
@TRIUMF
6He
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMFWednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 11
• High-precision Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques allow accurate measurements of energies and charge radii of exotic isotopes
Helium chain
and Borromean halo nucleus
4He3He 5He 7He6He 8He
....
bound unboundand halo
bound bound boundunbound
Pointing towards the importance
of three-nucleon forces
Halo Nuclei
Are heavier isotopes bound?7He resonanceBaroni et al., PRL 110, 022505 (2013)PRC 87, 034326 (2013)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4S2n [MeV]
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
r pp [f
m]
GFMCNCSMFMDMCMEIHH
6He
Vlow k(N3LO)
EXP
⇤
⇒ better constraint on radius as well
Calculations from Hyper-spherical Harmonics (S.B)
Brodeur et al., PRL 108, 052504 (2012)
S2n from TITAN masses/energies
NN from EFT
+3N
�
S2n = BE(6He)�BE(4He)
@TRIUMF
6He
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMFWednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 11
• High-precision Penning trap and laser spectroscopy techniques allow accurate measurements of energies and charge radii of exotic isotopes
Helium chain
and Borromean halo nucleus
4He3He 5He 7He6He 8He
....
bound unboundand halo
bound bound boundunbound
Pointing towards the importance
of three-nucleon forces
Halo Nuclei
Are heavier isotopes bound?7He resonanceBaroni et al., PRL 110, 022505 (2013)PRC 87, 034326 (2013)
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4S2n [MeV]
1.7
1.8
1.9
2
2.1
r pp [f
m]
GFMCNCSMFMDMCMEIHH
6He
Vlow k(N3LO)
EXP
⇤
⇒ better constraint on radius as well
Calculations from Hyper-spherical Harmonics (S.B)
Brodeur et al., PRL 108, 052504 (2012)
S2n from TITAN masses/energies
NN from EFT
+3N
�
S2n = BE(6He)�BE(4He)
@TRIUMF
6He
more on 6He in poster by Romero-Redondo
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMFWednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Reactions for Astrophysics
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
The predicted solar neutrino flux from the 8B decay is proportional to the thermal average rate of the 7Be(p, �)8B radiative capture reaction
Solar neutrinos measured by SNO and Super-Kamiokande
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Reactions for Astrophysics
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
The predicted solar neutrino flux from the 8B decay is proportional to the thermal average rate of the 7Be(p, �)8B radiative capture reaction
Solar neutrinos measured by SNO and Super-Kamiokande
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Ekin [MeV]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
S 17 [e
V b
]FilipponeStriederHammacheHassBabyJunghansSchuemannDavidsKikuchiDe04 MN E1NCSM/RGM E1
7Be(p,γ)8B
(a)
@TRIUMF
ab-initiophenomenology
NN from EFT�
Solar conditions cannot be reproduced in the Lab
Reaction cross sections are measured at higher energy than needed
Need a reliable ab-initio theory because extrapolationsare dangerous
P.Navratil et al. Phys.Lett.B 704 379 (2011)
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Synergy between experiment and predictive theory is essential
Reactions for Astrophysics
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
The predicted solar neutrino flux from the 8B decay is proportional to the thermal average rate of the 7Be(p, �)8B radiative capture reaction
Solar neutrinos measured by SNO and Super-Kamiokande
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5Ekin [MeV]
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
S 17 [e
V b
]FilipponeStriederHammacheHassBabyJunghansSchuemannDavidsKikuchiDe04 MN E1NCSM/RGM E1
7Be(p,γ)8B
(a)
@TRIUMF
ab-initiophenomenology
NN from EFT�
Solar conditions cannot be reproduced in the Lab
Reaction cross sections are measured at higher energy than needed
Need a reliable ab-initio theory because extrapolationsare dangerous
P.Navratil et al. Phys.Lett.B 704 379 (2011)
Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 12
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 13
• The TRIUMF TG is making leading contributions in subatomic physics
• The synergy between theory and experiment is an asset at TRIUMF
Conclusions and Outlook
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 13
• The TRIUMF TG is making leading contributions in subatomic physics
• The synergy between theory and experiment is an asset at TRIUMF
Conclusions and Outlook
Neutrons
Pro
tons
Nuclear Theory Future Goals
• Push the limits of ab-initio methods towards medium and heavy nuclei• Develop a unified description of structure and reaction properties• Understand the role of nuclear forces as one moves closer to the drip line
photo-fission
p on 238U
p on 238U
TRIUMF ISAC/ARIEL
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF 14
Thank you!Merci!
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Cut on support for workshop and visitors Cut on Canada and World-wide connections as well as visibility
• Cut on support for RAs Decrease of group productivity/visibility
15
Reduced resources scenarios
Wednesday, 13 November, 13
Nov 14 2013 Nuclear Theory at TRIUMF
• Cut on support for workshop and visitors Cut on Canada and World-wide connections as well as visibility
• Cut on support for RAs Decrease of group productivity/visibility
15
Reduced resources scenarios
Loss of Excellence and Synergies between Theory and Experiment
Wednesday, 13 November, 13