Nuclear Reactions Review

PHYS40622

100

101

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

1010

1011

1012

1013

Atomic electron binding energies

Nuclear 1st Excited States

Energy Released in Fission

Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

Kinetic Energy gained by an electron in 1 Volt

Energy Scales in Subatomic Physics

eV

MeV

keV

GeV

TeV

Mass-Energy of Electron

x rays

rays

Mass-Energy of a Nucleon. Coulomb barrier

Stellar Fusion temperatures

Mass-Energy of a Nucleon

Nuclear Flash Temperature

10-24

10-21

10-18

10-15

10-12

10-9

10-6

10-3

100

103

106

109

1012

1015

Saddle to Scission time

Lifetimes of excited nuclear states

Isomeric states

Age of Universe for formation of d

Transit of light past nucleus. QGP target ~fm/c

Time Scales in Nuclear Physics

ms

fs

s

year

Transit of nucleon in nuclear orbit

Mean life of a proton in the Sun

ns

ps

b-decay of nuclear ground statesAge of Universe as QGP

hr Neutron lifetime

Key Theoretical concepts

Partial Wave Expansion – Angular Momentum in HI Collisions (SCO)

Quantum Tunnelling - Fission and Thermonuclear Fusion (WKB)

Collective vs. Single-particle – Fission Shell-corrected Liquid Drops

Macroscopic Concepts applied to Microscopic Systems -- Temperature and Pressure, Nuclear Equation of State. Friction.

Differential Cross-sections as Probabilities

Quantum Interference in Scattering

Key Phenomena• Fission.• Fission Isomers.• Giant Resonances – Dipole and Monopole• Fusion ( Thermonuclear and near Barrier ).• Astrophysical r and s processes.• Deep Inelastic HI Collisions.• Quark Gluon Plasma (?)

Fission

2

1

2/1

2)(22

EVBd

FF fefp

AZ

AaZaxs

c22

02.02

Giant Resonances

2/1

2GMR

0

rmE

2sym2 8mA

ZNau

Heavy Ion Cross Sections

l

llR Tl

k 02 )12(

CM

IIfus E

VR 12

2

02 )(cossin)12(1

l

lll

i Pelkd

dl

Astrophysical Applications

22 2 cZZE BAG

3/12

0 4

TkEE BG

vNnn

1

Neutron Capture

Thermonuclear Fusion

Simulation of Au on Au at 200 GeV.

Nuclear Collisions at Relativistic Energies

Nuclear Collision at RHIC

Examinations and Past Papers

• This academic year the exam will follow the standard for 3rd year papers (i.e. Qu. 1 compulsory then choose 2 from Qu. 2-4, resulting in 3 questions in 1 1/2 hours)

• There will be a formula sheet at the start of the paper. Symbols will have their usual meanings but there will be no definitions given.

• Some overlap with course material means that students may benefit from attempting selected problems from past papers in the following courses:

• PC462/PYS40622 "Nuclear Reactions" (until 2010)• PHYS40421 "Advances in Nuclear Physics" (2010-2013)

12

2

M

Q

Electron Scattering

Elastic Scattering

sin21sin4

cos

0420

2

Mpp

Z

dd