Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms

Jan SudaDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University

Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic

B a s i c d a t aB a s i c d a t a B a s i c d a t aB a s i c d a t a

M a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r aM a c a r o n e s i a n f l o r a

Total number of species: ca 2 500

Endemic species: ca 600

Endemic genera: ca 31

- high proportion of woody life-forms

- many taxa succulent

- low frequency of geophytes, annuals

- recent diversification (adaptive radiation,

vicarization, inter-island differentiation)

F C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y sF C M a s s a y s

0

150

300

450

600

750

0 250 500 750 1000

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

of n

ucle

i

D. b

ourg

eaua

na, C

=0.

19 p

g

D. l

emsi

i, C

=0.

23 p

g

G 2

0

80

160

240

320

400

0 250 500 750 1000

2 x 4 x

8 x

L.e.

G 2

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

o f n

u cle

i

0

250

500

750

1000

1250

0 250 500 750 1000

R e la tiv e f lu o re sc e n c e

Num

ber

of n

ucle

i

A. h

aoua

ryth

eum

A. f

rute

scen

s

R e s u l t sR e s u l t s R e s u l t sR e s u l t s

2 0 0 3

0

2

46

8

10

1214

16

18

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Nu

mb

er o

f ta

xa

2 0 0 2

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Num

ber

of ta

xa

S u m m a r y

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10C - value (pg)

Num

ber o

f tax

a

241 species (40 % of the endemic flora)

C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o nC - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n

very small (< 1.4 pg)

small (1.4 1- 3.5 pg)

intermediate (3.51 - 14 pg)

large (14.01 - 35 pg)

very large (> 35.01 pg)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Prop

ortio

n (%

)

Database Macaronesia

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

Database Macaronesia

v ery small small intermediate large v ery large

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

C-value (pg)

Num

ber

of ta

xa

very small small intermediate

C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n C - v a l u e s c o m p a r i s o n

Database Macaronesia

Min 0.17 0.19

Max 127.4 9.52

Range 750 50

Mean 6.34 1.97

Median 2.9 1.02

Mode 0.55 0.51

n 3478 241

Endemic genera

Total: 31

Analyzed: 23 (74 %)Assumed: +4 (87%)

Very small C-values: 19 (83%)Assumed: +2 (78%)

Small C-values: 1 (4%)Assumed: +1 (7%)

Intermediate C-values: 3 (13%)Assumed: +1 (15%)

Correlation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditionsCorrelation with environmental conditions

13.69

14.41

14.14

14.28

14.18

13.94

13.77

Altitude Rainfall Temperature

Argyranthemum (n=7) - - +

Silene (n=4) (-) - +

Micromeria (n=4) (-) - +

Crambe (n=4) + + -

Sonchus (n=3) + + -

W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . . W h e r e f i n d m o r e . . .

Suda J., Kyncl T. & Freiová R. (2003): Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms. –

Annals of Botany 92/1: 153-164.

Suda J. & Kyncl T. (xxxx): Nuclear DNA amounts in Macaronesian Angiosperms - forty percent of

the endemic flora finished (in prep.)

Suda J. (xxxx): Macaronesian angiosperms: selection towards very small genomes (in prep.)

Future intentions:

Comparative study of plant C-value variation in Havaiian and Galapagos archipelagos