Investigating Heat and Temperature

LabsLabs Lab 1: Hot and Cold Lab 2: Tracking the Heat

Hot and Cold:Hot and Cold:Comparing Heat and Comparing Heat and TemperatureTemperature

Objectives: The student will illustrate and

explain the results of addition or subtraction of thermal energy on the motion of molecules Distinguish between heat and thermal energy

Key Terms:Key Terms:HeatTemperatureThermal Energy

Heat The energy transferred

between two substances which are at different temperatures

Temperature The

measurement of the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance

Kelvin Celsius

Thermal Energy The term used

to describe the total energy of the particles that make up a substance in an energy exchange

Essential Learnings Hot and cold are relative terms,

defined by the individual much like large and small, and they are not scientific terms.

Essential Learnings Molecules of all substances,

regardless of their state of matter (solid, liquid or gas) are in constant motion and have Kinetic Energy

Temperature is directly related to the rate of motion of molecules It is the measure of average kinetic energy

Essential Learnings Thermal energy is defined as

the energy of a substance, both its average kinetic energy (temperature) and the kind of molecules in the substance

Essential Learnings Heat is energy that is

transmitted between substances based on differences in the kinetic energy of their molecules

Heat moves from “hot” to “cold”

Tracking The Heat:Tracking The Heat:Transferring Thermal EnergyTransferring Thermal Energy

Objectives: The student will investigate

and understand processes that transfer energy between substances Understand that thermal energy is the total energy of the particles that make up a substance

Objectives: The student will investigate and

understand processes that transfer energy between substances Understand that heat is the transfer of energy from one object of higher temperature to one object of a lower temperature

Objectives: The student will investigate

and understand processes that transfer energy between substances Understand that temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance

Key Terms:Key Terms: Thermal Equilibrium Conduction

Thermal Equilibrium Term used to describe the

equalization of temperatures between a substance and its surroundings.

Conduction The transfer of thermal energy

through direct contact

Essential Learnings When two materials are in

contact, energy is transferred from the one with the higher temperature to the one with the lower temperature by conduction due to the kinetic energy of the particles in contact

Essential Learnings The vibrating molecules from the

object with the higher temperature come in contact with the molecules of object with the lower temperature.

Energy is transferred causing the cooler object to “warm up” as molecule vibration increases

Essential Learnings Materials at Thermal

Equilibrium have the same temperature; objects come to thermal equilibrium with their surroundings Room temperature objects don’t feel like

room temperature because of human body temperature, insulators and conductors.

Essential Learnings Hypothermia is a medical

condition when a human’s body temperature drops from its normal body temperature to one much lower because of the lost heat to the surrounding environment