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Thank you, Vicki Hughes

Labs and Activities for this Presentation:Balloon Hair

Christmas Lights and Batteries

ENERGY

UNIT 3

Energy moves outward from the source until it is lost to the universe usually as heat.

POTENTIAL AND KINETIC ENERGY

Potential Energy = energy due to position or condition

Law of Conservation of Energy = energy can be transformed but not created or destroyed.

ACT L15 – only #1 and #4 are required. Bonus Points for #2 and #3!!EOG L7

THERMODYNAMICS

Thermal Energy = energy of moving particlesTemperature = measure of

average kinetic energy

Heat energy moves from an area of hotter to an area of cooler until the entire area becomes equally warm.

What is Energy? The ability to cause a change in matter

or the ability to do work.

Potential Energy = energy waiting to happenKinetic Energy = energy in motion

Calculating Energy

Gravitational Potential Energy (due to height): PE = mgh

mass = 100 kg

mass =200 kg

heig

ht =

20

m

heig

ht =

15

m

grav

ity =

9.8

m/s

/s

PE of red ball = 100 kg x 9.8 m/s/s x 20 m = 19,600 Joules

PE of blue ball = 200 kg x 9.8 m/s/s x 15 m = 29,400 Joules

1st Law of Thermodynamics = energy can change form but cannot be created or destroyed.

Cellular Respiration changes chemical energy to ATP and heat.

2nd Law of Thermodynamics = some energy is always lost to the surroundings as heat.

Entropy = energy that cannot be used to do work..

The energy in this cup of coffee is being lost to its surroundings. It is adding to the entropy of the universe.

The energy of the Sun is useful on Earth, but the energy of Earth is released into

space where it is useless.

ACT L16 #1 & 2 only.

Energy Resources & Environmental Impact

Renewable = can be replaced or cannot be used upNonrenewable = used faster than it can be replaced

Fossil Fuels = our primary source of energy

Nonrenewable

Fossil Fuels

• Coal = solid, made from fossilized plants

• Petroleum (crude oil) = liquid, made from fossilized sea organisms.

• Natural Gas = found along with petroleum.

Renewable• Solar energy = photovoltaic

cells changes sun energy into electricity.

• Wind energy = moving air turns turbines

• Hydropower = moving water turns turbines

• Biomass energy = living things used to create energy

• Geothermal energy = heat from mantle

EOG L8

Using and Conserving Energy Resources

1950s = We provided our own energy resources (mostly coal).Now = We rely on fossil fuels (oil) from other countries.

1. ____ Na3PO4 + ____ KOH ____ NaOH + ____ K3PO4

2. ____ NH3 + ____ H2SO4 ____ (NH4)2SO4

Lise Meitner worked on radioactivity and nuclear physics. Meitner was part of the team that discovered nuclear fission, an achievement for which her colleague Otto Hahn was awarded the Nobel Prize.

Nuclear Power

Nonrenewable

Nuclear Power uses fission of uranium atoms which are nonrenewable.

Nuclear Power

The accident at Chernobyl, Ukraine, was the worst in history.

What happened at Chernobyl? http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=endscreen&v=BfKm0XXfiis&NR=1

The first minutes of Chernobyl http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zyHvDhILYl8

Roadrunner Energy Transformations https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i6e-KrNCe_E

EOG L9