Post on 27-Mar-2015
NORDUnet 2000
Commercial Pan-European Networks
Helsinki, 29 September 2000
Frode Greisen, GTSfg@ebone.net
European fibre networks five years ago
• DT + FT
• BT + KPN
• Telia + Telecom Finland
• …...
European fibre networks today
fibre km sdh citiesGTS 17,500 53Carrier 1 11,000 20Viatel 8,700IAXIS 8,000 25Teleglobe 7,700 15KPNQwest 6,200 15Telia Viking 4,000 10Level 3 3,100 5UUNET ?
Internet backbones
• Built over fibre networks
• Ebone as an example
Ebone history customers and points of presence
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
'92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00
customers
PoPs
Ebone history capacities and volumes, logarithmic scale
-1
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
'92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00
volume/Mbps
backbone
GTS - The Backbone of the Internet in EuropeEbone IP Backbone
2.5 GbpsSub 2.5 Gbps
Backhaul Connection
IP Node
IP Node and IX presence
European ISP
Madrid
Bilbao
Barcelona
Toulouse
Bordeaux
Marseille
Lyon
Turin
Geneva
Dublin
Milan
Budapest
Bratislava
ZurichBasel
Strasbourg
Munich
HamburgAmsterdam
Warsaw
Luxembourg
Stuttgart
Berlin
Prague
Copenhagen
Gothenburg
Oslo
Vienna
DresdenFrankfurt
Nuremberg
Stockholm
Dusseldorf
Hannover
Moscow
Brussels
Lille
AntwerpRotterdam
New York
Cologne
London
Bracknell
Paris
Bucharest
St Petersberg
Pennsauken
Valencia
Heidelberg
12 x STM-1
6 x STM-1
Sprint
SprintGTE
Sprint NAP Sprint NAP
European fibre networks today
fibre km sdh cities IP cities commentGTS 17,500 53 38Carrier 1 11,000 20 8Viatel 8,700IAXIS 8,000 25 admin?Teleglobe 7,700 15 9KPNQwest 6,200 15Telia Viking 4,000 10 end '99Level 3 3,100 5 5UUNET ? 14
Backbone historyprices
mkEUR/Mbps/year
'92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00
mkEUR/Mbps/year
Typical service level agreements
• Availability (99.x%)
• Transit times (20 ms Europe, 60 ms EU-US)
• Packet loss/queue length (0 - 5%)
• Jitter ?
• Rest of the world (off-net) ?
External ping 20000901 - 20001001
Company TargetAvg.RTTms
Jittermedian
ms
JitterIQRms
Loss%
Availability%
Altavista
www.altavista.com 194 2 5 0.26 99.86
ns1.altavista.com 194 2 2 0.07 100.00
Above
www.above.net 192 3 4 0.23 100.00
ns.above.net 183 3 6 0.14 99.93
UUnet
www.uu.net 119 4 7 3.13 99.79
auth00.ns.uu.net 124 2 5 0.07 99.93
Network Solutions
www.networksolutions.com 129 3 6 0.27 99.93
ns1.netsol.com 118 3 6 0.21 99.93
Yahoo
www.yahoo.com 121 2 4 0.07 100.00
ns1.yahoo.com 201 2 4 0.79 99.03
External ping 20000901 - 20001001Cybercity
Www.cybercity.dk 73 7 13 0.45 99.72
World Online
www.wol.dk 56 8 15 0.05 99.79
MSN Internet Access
msn.co.uk 47 6 31 0.25 99.93
UUNET
www.uk.uu.net 56 6 8 0.19 99.17
France Telecom
www.francetelecom.fr 54 3 4 3.11 98.61
Germany.net
www.germany.net 31 2 3 0.14 99.93
The future ?
Borderless networks
• National telecom dominance has nearly disappeared (on the long haul routes)
• Competition and lower prices on the popular routes
• Less difference between national and international prices, if any
Bandwidth growth factors
• More users
• more time on the net
• higher demand on response time
• more web browsing
• new applications (e.g. digital photos)
• new devices on the net (e.g. mobile)
• streaming applications
Bandwidth growth factors
• last mile upgrades – cable, dsl, fixed wireless, MANs, fibre to the
kerb/home
Backbone growth options
• Add parallel links
• upgrade from 2.5 to 10 Gbps
• finer mesh ??
• add parallel links
• new technical developments
No end in sight !