Post on 29-Nov-2014
description
Network Breaking Point:Network Breaking Point: Managing demand and user
experienceHugh Bradlow
Chief Technology OfficerChief Technology Officer
Telstra Corporation Ltd
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
OverviewDrivers of Demand
Designing Networks for user experienceDesigning Networks for user experience
Meeting demand without breaking the network
h l– New Technology
– New Spectral Bands
– Traffic Management
– Femtocells
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 3
The 2 dimensions of network demandRelative RAN Signalling Load per MByte of Data
Traffic Demand Global mobile data traffic grew 2.6-fold in 2010.
100
Expecting 26-fold increase between 2010 and 2015. (Cisco, 2011)
M2M (sensor,P lli @ 20 )
Smart phone
10Polling @ 20 sec)
TabletFeature phone
1
User Data (per device)MByte/Month (2010)
Feature phone Laptop
1 10 1000100
Traffic Capacity and Signalling Capacity are both potential bottlenecks© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 4
Designing for User Experience
“Al 3G”
World Class Network Availability
• “Always 3G”
• With extensive coverage
• Backhaul capacity
• Signal Strength for indoor Weekly Record
g gcoverage
• Technology Leadership
Superior Downlink Throughput
Technology Leadership
• Continuous Monitoring
5
Weekly Record
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
Technology advances improve spectral efficiency2 02.0
2007 2009 HSPA+ P f h i2007 2009 HSPA+ P f h i
2015 LTE-Adv – Further performance enhancing technologies for LTE – advanced
2015 LTE-Adv – Further performance enhancing technologies for LTE – advanced
1.5
/M
Hz 2004 WCDMA – CDMA with increased
bandwidth (5 MHz)2004 WCDMA – CDMA with increased
bandwidth (5 MHz)
2007 – 2009 HSPA+ – Performance enhancing technologies added to HSPA (64QAM, MIMO, dual
channel). Also, importantly, improved handset
2007 – 2009 HSPA+ – Performance enhancing technologies added to HSPA (64QAM, MIMO, dual
channel). Also, importantly, improved handset 2011 LTE – OFDM –reduced
interference, frequency domain 2011 LTE – OFDM –reduced
interference, frequency domain
MIMO, carrier aggregation, heterogeneous networks, relays, cooperative
communications
MIMO, carrier aggregation, heterogeneous networks, relays, cooperative
communications
1.0
s/ce
ll/ 2003 EGPRS – TDMA optimised for packet
data. Enhanced with 8PSK, HARQ2003 EGPRS – TDMA optimised for packet
data. Enhanced with 8PSK, HARQ2006 HSPA – CDMA optimised for packet data2006 HSPA – CDMA optimised for packet datareceivers (two antennas, equaliser)receivers (two antennas, equaliser)scheduling, improved MIMO, scalable bandwidth up to 20 MHz
(& others)
scheduling, improved MIMO, scalable bandwidth up to 20 MHz
(& others)
communicationscommunications
0.5Mb
ps 1992 GSM – Basic TDMA – no
smarts2001 GSM – Improved interference control
using Slow Frequency Hoppint2001 GSM – Improved interference control
using Slow Frequency Hoppint
(& others)(& others)
0 0
6© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
0.0
1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015
Technology advances also reduce cost per bit
Cost per MByte as % of GPRS
80
90
100
40
50
60
70
10
20
30
40
0
GPRS EDGE WCDMA
(R99)
HSDPA HSPA+ LTE
7© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
LTE performance improvements
DL Spectral efficiency Target
p pOpens up new frequency bands
– Flexible allocation of radio channel bandwidths between 1.25 MHz and 20 MHz utilising FDD and/or TDD duplex modes
Possible
R10 HSPA+ ?
Spectral efficiency
3
4
Sect
or HSPA+LTE (10 MHz)
MHz and 20 MHz, utilising FDD and/or TDD duplex modes
Enhanced Radio Network performance:
– Increased spectral efficiency
0
1
2
Bits
/Hz/
S ( )
R7 R8 R8 R8 R9 R9 R10
– Lower Latency
– Peak data rates:
• Downlink >100 Mbps (> 40 Mbps cell average) 0p ( p g )
• Uplink >50 Mbps
Also enhanced core networkRTTLatency
– Flat All‐IP network architecture
– Self‐organisation, self‐configuration and self‐optimisation
~‐20 ms
~‐80 ms
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 8
Data Demand outstripping Technology Improvement60
40
50
60
Spectral efficiency8 value
10
20
30Spectral efficiency improvements
Data demand growth
times 2008
Spectral efficiency improvements and data demand growth relative to 2008
0
2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016
X
Further technology improvements
Technology Improvements not keeping pace with demand
Limited Spectrum resources for mobile access services (450MHz to 3.4GHz)
What else is possible?
– Open up New spectral bands
l d l• Including using TDD to utilise more spectrum
– Traffic Management
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 9
New Spectral Bands10 MHz centre gap5 MHz 3 MHz
45 MHz 45 MHz698 MHz 806 MHz694 MHzPPDR/LMRDTTV
700 MHz DD band:
PossibleFDD FDD??
15 15 15 15 15 15Possible Channels:
15 MHz
15 MHz
15 MHz
15 MHz
15 MHz
15 MHz
1800 MHz band:
75 MHz Fixed & MobileServices
Met Satellite
20 MHz centre gap
75 MHz
1710 MHz
1800 MHz band:1880 MHz
Possible Channels:
Various combinations of 10/15/20 MHz channels
FDD FDDTDD?
10+10?Various combinations of 10/15/20 MHz
channels
2500 MHz
2500 MHz band:
70 MHz 70 MHz
2690 MHz
Earth Exploration & Radio Astronomy
Satellite (various) 50 MHz centre gap
FDD FDDTDD
Possible Channels:
20 MHz
20 MHz
20 MHz
10 MHz
20 MHz
20 MHz
20 MHz
10 MHz
10 MHz
10 MHz
10 MHz
10 MHz
10 MHz
2300 MH b d
98 MHz Class Licenced – LIPDs/Wi‐FiSpace Research
10© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
2300 MHz band:2302 MHz 2400 MHz
Possible Channels:
20 MHz
TDD
20 MHz
20 MHz
20 MHz
10 MHz
4 MHz
4 MHz
Traffic Management Application
3GPP Rx (Di t )
NSN PCS 5000(3GPP PCRF)
Telstra
NSN OneNDS(3GPP SPR)
(Diameter) or SOAP
Traffic Management Telstra
services3GPP Gx(Diameter)
Policy ControlAcceleration Ericsson GGSN Internet
PCRF – Policy & Charging Rules FunctionSPR – Subscription Profile Repository
Policy Control
QoS
Acceleration
Charging SPR Subscription Profile RepositoryQoSmechanisms
Charging mechanisms
Application based priority
Terminal based priority
Location based priority
User based priority
ConnectionScheduling Priority Active Rate shaping
11© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
Connection Admission Control
Scheduling Priority Active Queue Management
Rate shaping
“Why QoS?”: Meeting performance targets100
sec)
Real-time Service without QoS ProtectionReal-time Service with QoS Protection
1
10
sfer
Del
ay (s Non-real-time service at best-effort QoS
Acceptable User Satisfactionfor Real-time Service
0.1
1
Bur
st T
rans
100ms
0.01
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1Avg
. Pkt
.
Utilisation ρ
Without QoS, the traffic exceeds performance targets at relatively low network utilisation (~45%)
With QoS, the network is capable of high utilisation (up to 95%) while still meeting the performance targets for the real‐time traffic
Utilisation, ρ
– Connection Admission Control (CAC) is required for the real‐time traffic to prevent overall network collapse.
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 12
Network Build Options for Public Safety Agencies
InternetSeparate Network1 Internet
Public IP Core
p
PSA IP Core
Public 3G/4GAccess Network
Network
Public UEs
Public Packet
Gateway
PSA IP Core Network PSA
Packet Gateway PSA
3G/4G AccessNetwork
Public Safety Agency (PSA) Command Centre
Public UEs
Shared Network but not Complete Sharing
Network
2 3Shared Network but notSpectrum QoS-enabled
Packet Gateway
CommonIP Core
Complete Sharing
InternetInternetCommon IP Core
2 3
IP Core Network
Fully Shared3G/4G AccessPartially Shared
3G/4G Access
IP Core NetworkCommon
Packet Gateway
Network (towers + spectrum) PSA Command
Centre
3G/4G AccessNetwork (towers only) PSA Command
Centre
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Signalling and Acceleration
CELL_DCH
CELL_FACH_
CELL_PCHor
URA PCHURA_PCH
IDLE
© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved 14
IDLE
FemtocellsUser‐installed – Why bother?
– Coverage? Next GTM: Indoor coverage already excellentCoverage? Next G : Indoor coverage already excellent
– Capacity? Data hungry devices already offload to Wi‐Fi (laptops, tablets)
Operator‐installed – Network cost reduction
– As part of a planned network, femto and pico‐cells can reduce network costs
15© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved
Summary
Demand for Wireless Broadband is exceeding improvements in Spectral Efficiency
New Spectral Bands are part of the solutionsolution
Traffic Management will be critical in meeting demand
16© 2011 Telstra Corporation Limited. All rights reserved