Nepal's Share In Biological Diversity

The term biodiversity is a shortening of biological diversity

Biodiverisity = +

Life

Varieties Biological diversity" means the variability among living organisms from all

sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species and of ecosystems.(CBD, article 2)

Biodiversity comprises of nothing more than flora and fauna.

Introduction:

Bio Diversity

What does Biodiversity depends upon?◦ Climate ◦ Altitude◦ Soils◦ Presence of other species

ALTITUDE: Latitudes26º22’ and 30º27’ N and Longitudes 80º40’ and 88º12’ EAltitude varies from 67m above sea level at Kechana Kalan, Jhapa (TO) 8848m at Mt. Sagarmatha.

Climate

Altitudinal variation causes 11 bioclimatic condition to exist in Nepal(according to Dobermez)

Soil formation is related to the physiographic zone. In the Terai, the soil is alluvial and fine to medium textured.

In the Siwalik Hills, it is made up of sedimentary rocks with a sandy texture, while in the Mid-Hills soil is medium to light in texture with a predominance of coarse-grained sand and gravel.

The soil in the high mountains is shallow, stony, and glacial.

Soil

According to Biodiversity Profiles of Nepal 1996, Nepal ranks 10th in terms of richest flowering plant diversity in Asia, and 31st in the world.

It is estimated that 246 flowering plant species are endemic to (only found in) Nepal(Shrestha & Joshi, 1996)

Status:

Anthropogenic factors causing extinct of species

Scanty research Poaching Subsistence and Biodiversity not

established Policy merely to hoodwink public

Problems/Issues:

After 1950: Nationalization of forest Forest Act (1961) Soil conservation & Watershed Act 1982 Forestry Act 1992 Forest Regulation Act1995 National Park Wildlife Conservation Act 1973/1993 EIA Guidelines for Forestry Sector 1996 Environment Protection Act 1996, and Regulation 1997 Buffer Zone Regulation 1996 Plant Protection Act 1997

Management practice:

National Conservation Strategy,1988 Master Plan for Forestry Sector, 1989 Nepal Environmental Policy and Action Plan (NEPAP I), 1993 NEPAP II 1998 National Biodiversity Strategy 2002 National Biodiversity Strategy Implementation Plan 2006

10 national parks, 3 wildlife reserves, one hunting reserve and 6 conservation areas and 11 buffer zones covering an area of 34,186.62 sq. km, that is, 23.23 percent of the total area of the country.

Banke National Park (BaNP) was established as 10th Park on 12th of July 2010

CBD in 1992 As a promise of CBD Nepal formed

Biodiversity Conservation Strategy in 2002 World Heritage Convention  ratified on 20

June 1978 Ramsar Convention on Wetland of

International Importance 1971(Ratified in 1987)

Signatory to CITES in 1975

Biodiversity conservation and livelihood of people should be established on philosophy of quid pro quo(reciprocal exchange)

Poaching and smuggling of rare and endangered species of plants and animals should be ceased.

More adequate result oriented research need to be initiated.

Invasive plant like Mikania micrantha should be checked.

Suggestions:

Rhododendron Orchids Cordyceps sinensis

Rhino Bengal Tigers Cow Daphne or Lophophorus

Thank You!End of Presentation!