Post on 07-Apr-2018
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An interoperability exercise
Exploiting multi-int for
C-IED Operations
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In response, an increasingly diverse range
o data is being captured, to inorm the
environmental picture and aid decision making.
The challenge now aced is how best to
eectively bring together and exploit the mass
o data being collected. Whatever the source,
the common thread is that all such inormation
has a time and place.
In this unique exercise you will see how the
prosecution o counter-IED (C-IED) operations
can be aided by the use o a commercial-
o-the-shel (COTS) Geospatial Inormation
System (GIS) acting as a central hub or all
multi-int data. The C-IED exercise then draws
on the capabilities o multiple COTS capability
providers, each connected to the GIS and able
to combine, visualise, analyse and share their
outputs with the others. Between them,
those engaged in this exercise will support the
spectrum o operations, covering:
Orientation and observation - current
situational awareness and visualisation
Analysis and understanding - deriving
insight and meaning rom multi-int sources
Planning and action - or orce protection
and oensive activity
Review - post operational learning and next
steps
Browserrowser
SystematicmaticArcGIS explorerGIS
ArcMaprc a
ITT
pBAE GXPPI22
Cobham
Browserrowser
SystematicmaticeArcGIS explorerGIS e
ArcMaprc a
ITT
pBAE GXPPI2
Cobham
Analysisand Understanding
Orientationand Observation
Planningand Action Review
BrowserBrowser Browserrowser
Maps imagery and overlay Analysis results Maps imagery and overlay
Web ServicesModelAnalysis
Mapp
ingan
dImage
ry
Siglnt
Humln
t
Battlespace Model Application Server
ArcGIS Server
Imlnt
Maslnt
Track
This diagram illustrates the data ows between the GIS hub and consumers during these stages.
Meeting the challenge o IEDsThe use o Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) has accounted or the highest percentage o coalition
and civilian casualties in current operations. Despite best eorts, the use o IEDs is growing both in volume
and sophistication.
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Stage 1: Orientation
Capability providers: Esri (UK), IHS Janes
and Systematic
This stage shows how a GIS can ensure
that all orces operating have access to the
same maps, imagery and terrain database
o the operational area, which can then be
overlaid with a wide range o location and
time-stamped data, including:
1. IED incident locations
Esri (UK) ArcGIS Server precisely maps
and displays locations where IED incidents
occurred and also consumes open source
intel, such as Janes Joint Terrorism and
Insurgency Centre (JTIC) service; this
inormation can reveal patterns o areas o
high occurrences o IEDs and help ocus
eorts in specifc Areas o Interest (AOI).
2. Patrol route traces
ArcGIS Server consumes GPS patrol trace
data, enabling Commanders to visualise
patrol routes in relation to IED activity and
accurately plan routes or best eect.
3. Contact reports rom patrols
GPS also allows the accurate geo-
reerencing o intel captured enroute, such
as suspected insurgent sightings, tip-os,
suspicious vehicles and other inormation,
supplemented with digital images, notes or
audio recordings. All such inormation can
be mapped and shared between all war
fghters.
4. Human terrain mapping/tribal mapping
In Aghanistan IED makers leverage
the networks o tribes and actions. In
this exercise, open source intelligence
services, such as Janes Terrorism and
Security Monitor (JTSM) provides detailed
understanding o the loyalties and complex
relations between tribes that can help
identiy IED makers.
5. Identity and disposition o orces
The orientation includes unit locations,
boundaries, asset tracking felds and tactical
graphics, collected rom disparate command
and control systems and may be accessed
by authorized commands connected to
the network at the Deployed Tactical and
Operational HQ levels, as well as Coalition
strategic level commands through standard
Web browsers rom Systematics Sitaware
sotware.
The above inormation is saved as a project
to Esri (UK)s ArcGIS Server, enabling all
partners to share and input to the same
picture.
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Creating a common operational picture rom
multi-int (Esri UK).
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Stage 2: Analysis
Capability providers: Esri (UK), BAE,
Cobham, i2, ITT and Systematic
This stage shows how spatial, imagery,
network and signals analysis capabilities
are leveraged in order to ensure that a
proactive approach can be taken in the
C-IED campaign. The analysis has two,
complementary areas o ocus:
1. Force protection highlighting areas
and times o greatest risk
Visualising hot spots areas most
prone to IEDs
Time based or temporal patterns in the
IED incidents
Classifcation o routes according to
degree o potential threat
2. Proactive activity - ocused on
interrupting the early planning stages
and disrupting the wider networks
Supply routes both or insurgents and
the IED components
Likely areas or IED Factories
Insurgent command and supply
structure
Trends and patterns in insurgent
behaviour.
Partner contributions
Esri (UK)ArcMap and Specialist
extensions are used or IED data
processing, fltering and analysis. ArcView
Tracking Analyst in combination with
ArcView Spatial Analyst provides cross
country mobility assessment, overlaid with
real-time updates rom equipment in the
feld. Esri (UK)s CrimeAnalyst sotware
uses hotspot and temporal analysis,
to identiy key areas o ocus based on
requency and increase in the number o
IED incidents. From this a specifc area o
interest (AOI) is chosen or urther analysis
by partners.
i2 use HUMINT and patrol reports to
identiy potential suspects that could
compose an IED cell. i2 Network Analyst
sotware is used to illustrate the cells
relationships and interactions, which are
then geographically mapped within the AOI.
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Analysing and mapping network relationships (i2).
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Cobham uses i2s network analysis to
target the suspects within the AOI. Cell
phone identifcation, tracking and voice
trafc monitoring capability is used to
validate and gain SIGINT rom the targets,
inorming subsequent stages.
ITT inorms the orce protection activity,
by conducting imagery analysis on the
AOI and surrounding area, identiying
areas o highest risk on patrol routes and
road networks using change detection
analysis. ITT also conducts intervisibility
analysis around a FOB within the AOI,
inorming potential risk rom planting (and
sniper fre) to a radius o operations. This
is ollowed by imagery analysis o the
suspected bomb actory, its makeup and
characteristics to inorm mission planning
or recce and operations.
BAE conducts detailed target analysis,
generating GEO PDFs or ease o
intelligence sharing. Analysts can view
crisp, clear delineation o roads leading
to the suspect site, boundary walls and
structure, and other eatures like ingress
and egress routes. BAEs Route Search
product gives insight into the terrain profle
by identiying culverts, ambush points
and LOS/Dead Ground. This enables
commanders to plan a sae and eective
route or the attack. Terrain analysis also
reveals land slope and helps identifcation
o suitable HLS.
Systematic provides situational
awareness o IED locations and sae
areas to all units. Data is exchanged
between ront-line units, EOD squadrons,
operational headquarters and national
security agencies.
Geo-reerenced PDFs inorm mission planning (BAE).
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Stage 3: Planning
Capability providers: Esri (UK), ITT, BAE,
Cobham, Systematic
This stage ocuses on two areas o the
planning activity:
Force Protection shows how intelligence
combined with the underpinning
geospatial
inormation can be used to produce
accurate and detailed briefng products to
ensure orce protection.
Proactive Activity - shows how simple GIS
tools can be used by units on the ground
to plan and conduct a C-IED oensive
without the need to resort to specialistgeospatial sta. This demo will cover how
a commander:
views the geospatial inormation
available o an area and his objectives
views threat and incident data
plans the operation, routes and
approach
generates an operational overlay which
is used to brie his troops and can also
be shared with all other orces in the area
Partner contributions
Force Protection:
Esri (UK)ArcGIS Server generates patrol
route
mapping with IED risk classifcations based
on incident analysis and ITTs ground analysis.
This enables commanders to plan sae and
unpredictable patrol routes to avoid ambushes
and launch surprise attacks on IED planters.
ITT store image outputs in NITF (even JP2K
compatible NITF) or compatibility with US
databases/tools. The extension allows
analysts to capture numerous images, textual
and graphical annotations, all within a single
fle that is easy to work with and communicate
to colleagues in the battlefeld.
Cobham provides monitoring o cell phone
trafc between suspects and indicates
potential IED threats on the supply route
through AOI. Tapping calls between suspects
can yield vital inormation about the IED
material delivery, actory location and planned
IED plantings.
Systematic develops the Patrol Plan marking
sae zones through IED hotspots, creating a
geo-enced area with movement out o area
sensor based on patrol GPS tracking and
dialog response capability.
Proactive Activity:
Esri (UK) ArcGIS server enables production
o briefng products. The decision support
overlay enables Course o Action Sketching,
Course o Action Comparison and
identifcation o NAIs and TAIs. This contains
key decision points, timelines associated with
the movement o orces and the ow o the
operation, and other key inormation required
to execute an oensive.
BAE provides support or point mensuration
or precise targeting and mission rehearsal,
including helicopter approach and landing
zones analysis and 3D modelling o approach
by oot and air.
Cobham contributes to monitoringsurveillance during the planning period and
can advise on meetings to take place or
suspected delivery to the bomb actory on a
given date.
Systematic develops the plan or the recce
activity and assault on the suspected bomb
actory. Receiving updated intelligence,
SitaWare enables warfghters to share
inormation. Systematics IRIS messaging
allows all units involved in the operation to
remain updated and aware o changes to
the plan as they occur. SitaWare enables the
Common Operational Picture to include both
land and air assets in near real time.
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Stage 4: Act and Review
Capability providers: Esri (UK), BAE,
Cobham, and Systematic
This stage shows how real time location
and inormation provided by orces
operating in an area can be used to conduct
and track the progress o an operation,
allowing commanders to react quickly to
events, drawing up new plans and enabling
them to redeploy orces and assets in a
coordinated manner.
Partner contributions
Esri (UK)ArcGIS server acts as hub
or all geo-reerenced data collected. It
consolidates and produces a detailed
high resolution web service o target area.
It enables mapping o target, route in,
waypoints and sae zone or return.
Cobham monitor cell phones trafc prior
to, during and post operation, to determine
level o disruption. Intercepting enemy
conversations during the operations can
help update the operations strategy in
real time.
Systematic Sitaware enables warfghters to
clearly identiy combatants, through sharing
o insurgents photographs. IEDs can be
geo-reerenced and messages sent through
the system or MEDIVAC o wounded
personnel.
BAE help in establishing optimum LZs.
Excessive dust and dirt thrown up by heli
landings can seriously jeopardise operations.
BAE provides pilots with intuitive, eyes-out
landing guidance and allow pilots to land
saely.
Enabling ad hoc replanning o operations at the tactical level (Systematic).
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For urther inormation on this exercise and any o the capabilities demonstrated, please contact:
Daran Scarlett
Esri (UK) Deence, National Security and Public Saety team
mobile: 07841 321118
email: dscarlett@esriuk.com
Copyright Esri (UK) 2007. All rights reserved. The Esri globe and Esri products, services and trademarks mentioned are trademarks of Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.
Other companies and products mentioned herein are the property of their respective trademark owners.
Esri (UK) Ltd Millennium House 65 Walton Street Aylesbury Buckinghamshire HP21 7QG
T 01296 745500 F 01296 745544 E info@esriuk.com www.esriuk.com
cobham.com/mmisystematic.com
digitalglobe.com
ihsjanes.com baesystems.comi2group.com ittvis.com
Satellite imagery in this exercise supplied courtesy o:
The material within this exercise was developed in collaboration with the ollowing specialists: