Post on 19-Jan-2016
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BIOENERGY IN FINLAND
Juha Rautanen, Motiva OyHelsinki
28.2.2008, TallinBiomass & Bioenergy 2008
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FINNISH PERSPECTIVE ON BIOENERGY
• Motiva - A Brief Introduction
• Energy Use and Production in Finland
• Bioenergy in Finland
• Wood Energy
• Agro based energy
• Other Bioenergy
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MOTIVA OY,Expertise and Project Services
• to promote energy efficiency
• to accelerate the use of renewable
energy sources
• to promote efficient use of materials
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Motiva’s history
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Target Groups of Motiva
• Industry, power stations, district and local
heating plants
• Service sector including municipalities
• Properties and buildings
• Households and consumers
• Networks
(e.g. regional energy agencies, energy
auditors, biomass heat entrepreneurs)
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Greenhouse gas emissions by source in Finland year 2004
50,9%
17,7%
21,5%
9,8%0,2% Fugitive emissions
Households,services etc.
Transport
Industry'senergy production
Energy production
Industrial processes 7,1 %
Solvents, etc.0,1 %
Agriculture 6,9 %
Waste 3,3 %
Other 0,4 %
Energy82,2 %
Without Land Use, Land Use Changes and Forestry (LULUCF)Greenhouse gas emissions for 2005 will be published in 2007.
Energyproduction
Source: Statistical Yearbook of Finland 2006. Statistics Finland
Energy Use and Production in Finland
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Total energy consumption 2006
Source: Statistics Finland, Energy Statistics
~50%FOSSILENERGY
1/3 DOMESTIC
ENERGY
1 492 000 TJ
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Renewable energy sources, Use 2006
Source: Ministry of Employment and the Economy and Statistics Finland, Energy Statistics
Wood fuels used inindustry and energyproduction
Black Liquor of the Forest industry
Small Combustion of Wood 13%
Hydro Power
Others 4%
Waste Fuels (Bio)
Biogas
Other Biofuels
Heat Pumps
Wind Power
365 000 TJ
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Development of Renewable Energy Sources 1970-2005
1970
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
0
100
200
300
400PJ
Hydro power
Small combustion of wood
Black liquor and other concentrated liquors
Wood fuels use in industry and energy production
Heat pumps
Recovered fuels (bio-fraction)
Other biofuels
Source: Statistics Finland – Yearbook 2006
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Renewables in Finland, from 28% to 38% 2020
•R&D and demonstration of new technologies
•Implementation of EU directives (RES-E, RES-T, CHP etc.)
•Subsidies for energy investments
•Subsidies for RES-heating systems of residential buildings
•Support for energy wood harvesting and chipping
•Support for RES-E through energy taxation system
•Feed-in tariffs and green certificates under consideration
•Information activities
Measures to promote Renewable Energy Generation in Finland
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BIOENERGY IN FINLAND Woodenergy, potential
Development of the standing timber stock 1800—2006
Source: Finnish Forest Association, forest.fi
Over2 Billion m3
Motiva OyJ Rautanen
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Now
Energy Biomass Energy Biomass Potential in FinlandPotential in Finland
milj. m3 / a
Biomass PotentialTheoretical
45 milj. m3 / a100 %
Harvestable maximal
15 milj. m3 / a33 %
Target 2010, Energiestrategie
5,0 milj m3 / a 11 %
3,5 milj m3 / a5,6 %
20032,1 milj m3 / a
4,7 %
From: P. Hakkila
Motiva OyJ Rautanen
Forest Residues, Forest Residues, Development of use Development of use
Energy production in FinlandEnergy production in Finland
3
1
2
1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
milj. m3 / a
IndustryEnergy
Whole trees (small)Delimbed small trees
Logging residues
Stump-root wood
Lähteet. VTT ja Metla
2020
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Potential of logging residues
See also:http://www.mmm.fi/attachments/5eWDKveQh/5oeTd6WHv/Files/CurrentFile/Climate_Change_Adaptation_Research_Programme_ISTO_eng.pdf
http://books.google.com/books?id=LimXAwAACAAJ&dq=Silvicultural+Managment+of+European
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There are 70 000 – 60 000 farms in Finland• number of farms is decreasing
Agricultural field area ca. 2 milj. ha•the field area, not decreasing
Potential for agro energy production max. 500 000 ha
Agricultural Energy
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Agricultural BioenergySources
Reed Canary Grass (Falaris) (17.000 ha)
Biogas (Reaktors 3+7 kpl)
Cereals (R&D)– biodiesel, ethanol, heating
Agri biomass fields in Finland 2006 ha
Falaris arundinaceae 15763 Ripe Seed 821Oats 346Barley 37Hemp 36Wheat 31Rye 25Salix 7
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Reed Canarygrass (Phalaris arundinacea) and Straw
• Production • Falaris: Agricultural fields and peatland fields
17.000 ha
Harvesting in springtime
• Straw: Available straw R&D
– Schedule
– Weather
– Storage
• Energy recovery• Falaris:
Co-Combustion in big power and heating plants
• Straw: In test: Co-Combustion with coal
Some Danish straw boilers
Kuva: Ruokohelpipaaleja Kokkolassa K Pahkala
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Biodiesel
Biorefinery
Better use and processing of raw-materials and wastestreams to produce current and new productsLauri Hetemäki METLA / August 14, 2007
Forest industry• two biodiesel-projects started
Small (farm) size Biodiesel Plants, 10-20
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Innovation Ethanol From Food Waste
The energy enterprise St1 has started
producing ethanol in Finland.
• Ethanol is produced from waste generated by the food
processing industry
• In the place of origin of the waste.
• The new method makes ethanol production profitable
even on a small scale.
Process developed by
VTT (Technical Research Centre of Finland)
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BIOGAS
There are near 10 Agricultural biogas plants in Finland
Agricultural biogas production - problems
– NIB
– Enviroment, fields for the sludge, odours/smell
– R&D
Production, utilisation, trading:
Own CHP use, trade of e-power and/or biogas
Feed-In Tariff for Biogas plants < 20 MW 2008
Waste water treatment plants (biogas since over100 years)
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It is nice to have BIOENERGY!Isn’t it?!
More information on new direction of energy-use:
www.motiva.fi/en