Post on 24-Dec-2015
Molecular Compounds
Brittany MacCallum
Victoria Banfield
Natasha Whalen
Molecular Compounds
• Aluminium bromide
• Al2Br6
• Aluminium chloride
• Al2Cl6
• Ammonia
• NH3
• Decaborane
• B10H10
• Dodecaborane
• B12H12
• Beryllium hydride
What are Molecular Compounds?
• Substances made up of molecules with a molecular weight smaller than 104 Daltons.
• Have a well defined structure.
• Examples are ethanol (ethyl alcohol), glucose
Expression of the Composition or Structure of a Chemical
Compound
• Formulas for molecules use chemical symbols with subscript numbers to show the number of atoms of each element
• Ex: O2 for molecular oxygen
What is a Molecule?
• A unit of matter that is the smallest particle of an element.
• Chemical combination of atoms (as a compound) capable of retaining chemical identity with the substance in mass.
Explanation
• Covalent bonds holds atoms of the same or different non-metal elements together by sharing pairs of electrons. Atoms joined by covalent bonds form molecules. Depending on the number of shared pairs of electrons between two atoms, the covalent bond can be described as a single or a multiple covalent bond.
• A single covalent bond is when 2 electrons are shared between atoms. A double bond is when 4 electrons are shared and Triple is when 6 electrons are shared.
Rules to Name Molecular Compounds
1. The first element in the formula is named first, using the full element name.
2.The second element is named using the suffix -ide.
3. Prefixes are used to see the numbers of atoms present.
Prefix and number of atoms
• Mono- 1• Di- 2• Tri-3• Tetra-4• Penta- 5 • Hexa-6• Hepta-7• Octa- 8• Hoha- 9• Deca- 10
Examples
Compound
• NO Nitrogen monoxide
• N2O Nitrogen monoxide
• NO2 Nitrogen monoxide
• N2O3 Dinitrogen trioxide
• N2O4 Dinitrogen tetraoxide
Find the Formula for the Following Compounds…
Bromine pentafluoride
BF5
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
Iodine monochloride
ICl
Nitrogen dioxide
NO2
Phosphorus trichloride
PCl3
Find the Name of the Compound for the
Following Formulas…
SiCl4
Silicon tetrachloride
SO2Cl2
Sulfuryl Chloride
B(CH3)3
Trimethylborane
N2O4
Dinitrogen tetraoxide
S2F10
Disulfur decafluoride