Module 1 CX MV Switch Gear

1Module One04/11/23

SUBSTATION COMMISSIONING COURSE

MODULE ONE

MEDIUM VOLTAGESWITCHGEARASSEMBLIES

2Module One04/11/23

INTRODUCTION

• The electrical commissioning and acceptance testing of electric power systems is essential for the energization of any electrical system for the first time.

3Module One04/11/23

INTRODUCTION

Module One• Introduce the applicable switchgear

standards used in North America• Describe the construction aspects of

switchgear assemblies• Indentify NETA testing requirements• Perform acceptance testing

4Module One04/11/23

INTRODUCTION

Skills from module one:• Know the major and basic parts of

switchgear assemblies• Use NETA switchgear testing section• Perform acceptance testing

procedures

5Module One04/11/23

SWITCHGEAR STANDARDS

CANADIAN STANDARDS

• CSA Canadian Standards Association

• EEMAC Electrical Equipment Manufacturers Association of Canada

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NORTH AMERICAN STANDARDS

• ANSI American National Standards Institute

• IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

• NEMA National Electrical Manufacturers Association

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS

• IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

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Canadian Standard:• CSA standard

– CSA Standard C22.2 No. 31 – 2010

– Switchgear Assemblies

– Ninth edition

• Devices included:– switches;– interrupting devices;– air circuit breakers;– power circuit breakers;

and– control, metering,

protective, and regulating equipment with associated interconnections and supporting structures.

10Module One04/11/23

Canadian Standard:• CSA standard

– CSA Standard C22.2 No. 31 – 2010

– Switchgear Assemblies

– Ninth edition

• Standard covers:– Covers construction

and design features– Nominal voltage of

46Kv or less– Components within the

assemblies must comply with CEC requirements

CEC Approved Labels

• CSA• UL-C• Special Inspection

sticker

• CSA label– CSA sticker or CSA

logo on the nameplate– CSA designation

obtained by application, inspection and testing

CEC Approved Labels

sticker

• UL-C label– Equipment made in

USA– Tested by

Underwriters Laboratories to CSA standards

CEC Approved Labels

sticker

• Special Inspection Sticker– Requires special

inspection by the electrical inspector

– Requires document review

– Sticker affixed, dated and signed by the electrical inspector

US Standards• IEEE C37.20.1 • IEEE C37.20.2 • IEEE C37.20.3• IEEE C37.20.4

• IEEE C37.20.1– Standard for Metal-

Enclosed Low-Voltage Power Circuit Breaker Switchgear

Clad Switchgear

Enclosed Interrupter Switchgear

• IEEE C37.20.4– Standard for Indoor

AC Switches (1kV – 38 kV) for Use in Metal Enclosed Switchgear

IEC Standards• IEC Standard

62271-200

• IEC 62271-200– AC metal-enclosed

switchgear and controlgear for rated voltage above 1kV and up to and including 52kV

Comparable to the ANSI / IEEE Standard C37.20.2.

SWITCHGEAR

What is Medium Voltage ?• ANSI/IEEE 1585-2002: (1 - 35 kV)• IEEE Std 1623-2004: (1 -35 kV • NECA/NEMA 600-2003: (.6 – 69 kV)• Littlefuse: (2.4 -38 Kv)

• Siemens: (1 – 38 kV) 600 volts to 69,000

Note: No true definition

SWITCHGEAR

What is a MV Switchgear ?• Compartmentalized assemblies of

switching and interrupting devices • Operating from 1000V to 38 kV • Supplied from an insulated main bus

structure, along with control,

metering, protective and regulating equipment with associated

interconnections and supporting structure.

SWITCHGEAR

Major Parts• Control devices• Switching and

Interrupting devices• Metering devices• Protective devices• Regulating devices• Interconnections• Supporting structure

Control Devices• Local controls

– Trip/close controls– Trip/close HMI

• Remote controls– Trip/close Interface -

Interpose– Trip/close RTU

SWITCHGEAR

Switching & Interrupting devices

• Circuit breakers– Vacuum– SF6– Air-magnetic

• Switches– Load break– Isolation

SWITCHGEAR

Metering Devices• CT’s and VT’s (PT’s)• Switchboard Instruments

– Volts, amps, watts, vars, PF, Hz

• Transducers• Revenue Metering

SWITCHGEAR

Protective Devices• Discrete Protective Relays• Digital Relays• Overload relays

SWITCHGEAR

Regulating Devices• Temperature controller• Voltage regulator function

SWITCHGEAR

Interconnections• Bus-bar assemblies

SWITCHGEAR

Supporting structures• Designed for structural

integrity• Support weight on

equipment• Withstand forces of

operating equipment• Seismic options• Arc flash option

SWITCHGEAR

5 Vertical Section Unit 3 Vertical Section Unit

SWITCHGEAR

Characteristics:• Voltage category• Current rating• Mechanical aspects• Metal-clad Vs Metal-

enclosed

Voltage category• 5 kV• 15 kV• 27 kV• 38 kV

SWITCHGEAR

enclosed

Current Rating• 1200A, 2000A, 3000A• Fan cooled for above

SWITCHGEAR

enclosed

Mechanical Aspects• Removable / drawout

circuit breakers• Insulated Main Bus

section• In / out sections• Compartmentalized• Metal barriers for vertical

structures and compartments

SWITCHGEAR

Metal Enclosed Vs Metalclad

SWITCHGEARApplication

example

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Vertical Structure• Compartments

Vertical Structure• Width: 26”, 36” or 42”• Height: 90 to 100”• Structures are bolted together

to form continuous assy.• Front are hinged doors• Rear are removable plate or

hinged (optional)

SWITCHGEAR

Compartments• Circuit Breakers• Main Bus• Cable Connection / Line• Low Voltage / Control• PT / Auxiliary

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Compartments

A - Circuit Breakers

B - Main Bus

C - Cable / Line

D - Low Voltage / Control

E - PT / Auxiliary

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• CB compartment

- Enclosure

Enclosure• Top, bottom, left / right, rear• Faceplate is the front when CB

is fully racked in– The current carrying parts

are compartmentalized– Provides pri and sec

connections points• Mechanical Interlocks• Testing in the test /disconnect

SWITCHGEAR

- Enclosure

SWITCHGEAR

- Primary Electrical Connections

Primary Electrical Connections• 6 primary connecting device

– 2 per phase, line and load side

– Pressured finger clusters– Mate with stationary bus

bar connecting stabs

SWITCHGEAR

- Secondary Electrical Connections

Secondary Elect. Connections• Male to female contact plugs• Complete circuits for controls• Auto Engaged in

CONNECTED pos’n• Auto Dis-engaged is

DISCONNECTED pos’n• Manually engaged in TEST

pos’n

SWITCHGEAR

– Secondary Electrical Connections

SWITCHGEAR

– Secondary Electrical Connections

SWITCHGEAR

- Safety Interlocks

Safety Interlocks• Required by governing

standards• Incorporates mechanical and

electrical interlocks

DO NOT bypass or defeat the interlocks, they are necessary for the safe operation of the circuit breaker

SWITCHGEAR

- Extension

Extension Rails• Provide support• Allows equipment to be

withdrawn from the compartment

SWITCHGEAR

- Extension

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Main Bus

Compartment

Main Bus Compartment• Houses the main bus• Buses are mounted on

insulators• Breakers connects to the main

bus via bus joints• Isolating barriers in each

vertical structure compartmentalize the main bus

SWITCHGEAR

Compartment1. Circuit Breaker

Compt2. Main Bus Compt3. Bus Bars4. CB to Bus Bar

Conn5. Primary Conn6. Cable Compt

SWITCHGEAR

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Main Bus • Extends the length of the

assembly (typical)• Pass through insulated

opening on sides of structures• Bus are not one continuous

piece• Supported and braced• Vertical sections are

compartmentalized• Silver plate bus joints

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Main Bus Ratings

Main Bus Ratings• 1200A, 2000A or 3000A• + 3000A using forced air

cooling (fans via thermostat)• Design for temperature rise

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Line Compartment

Line Compartment• Rear most compartment• Bolted rear panel access• Rear doors are optional• Cable or bus duct entry area• Top or bottom entry• Also used for surge arresters

or control power transformers• Run length of vertical structure

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Line

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Line

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Control

Compartment

Control Compartment• The space available between

the breaker faceplate and the front door.

• Used for mounting control devices, relays and metering

• Limited space availability• Items can be mounted on the

rear door panel or inserted in the door panel

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Control

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Basic Parts• Auxiliary

Compartment

Auxilliary Compartment• Located above or below a

breaker compartment (typical)• Can be an entire vertical

section• Often used for PT’s or CPT’s

SWITCHGEAR

Compartment

SWITCHGEAR

Compartment1. Drawout PT’s2. Drawout CPT’s3. Drawout Fuses4. Fixed CPT

SWITCHGEAR

Installations• Indoor• Outdoor

Indoor• Classification based on

enclossure type– Nema 1, 1A, 2, 3R, 12

• Classification based of function– Arc resistant, seismic rated,

weatherproof, dust proof, drip proof, sprinkler proof

SWITCHGEAR

– Aisle-less– Sheltered Aisle– Common Aisle

Outdoor• Aisle-less switchgear

– Weatherproof, gasketed doors / rear panels / doors

– Heaters minimize condensation and moisture

– NEMA 3, 3R, 4 or 4X

SWITCHGEAR

Installations• Outdoor

– Aisle-less– Sheltered

Aisle– Common Aisle

SWITCHGEAR

Outdoor• Sheltered Aisle Switchgear

– Aisle is part of the enclosure and provided at the front

– Weatherproof gasketed door at both ends of the

– Nema 3R enclosure

– Heaters minimize condensation and moisture

SWITCHGEAR

Outdoor

Common Aisle Switchgear– As per Sheltered Aisle with

switchgear on both sides of the aisle

– Installed in 2 parts

SWITCHGEAR

Testing• Type of testing varies

upon what standards it was designed to– CSA, EEMAC– ANSI, IEEE, NEMA– IEC

Type of Tests• Design and proof test• Production test

• Built and tested to a specific set of engineering standards

SWITCHGEAR

Type of Testing• Design and Proof• Production

Design and Proof Testing• Short circuit testing • BIL testing • Dielectric testing • Continuous current testing • Mechanical life testing • Thermal testing • Environmental testing

SWITCHGEAR

Type of Testing• Design and Proof• Production tests

– Circuit breaker– Assembled

equipment

Circuit Breaker Testing• Verification of nameplate

ratings • Control wiring check • Control wiring insulation test • Charging motor insulation test • Operation of switches, control

devices, latches and interlocks

SWITCHGEAR

equipment

Circuit Breaker Testing• Breaker operation at minimum,

maximum, and rated control voltages

• Vacuum interrupter operation and withstand tests

• Breaker contact resistance • Closing and opening timing

tests • Dielectric tests

SWITCHGEAR

equipment

Assembled Equipment Testing• Component nameplate

verification for compatible application

• Dielectric tests • Mechanical testing of all

operational parts and devices • Control wiring continuity

verification

SWITCHGEAR

equipment

Assembled Equipment Testing• Operation of all relays,

instruments, meters and other devices

• Control wiring insulation tests • Instrument transformer polarity

verification tests • Sequence of operation tests, if

applicable

Module 1 CX MV Switch Gear

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Transcript of Module 1 CX MV Switch Gear

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