Module 1

MULTIMEDIA PRINCIPLES AND CONCEPTS Multimedia Principle

-includes graphics and words rather than text alone on course pages and presentations.

Graphics = still pictures, animations, videos Words = text or sounds

Types of Graphics

1. Decorative 2. Representational 3. Organizational 4. Relational 5. Transformational 6. Interpretive 7. Content Types & Graphics

Decorative

- added for aesthetic appeal

Representational - illustrate the appearance of an object

Organizational

- show qualitative relationships

Relational

- Summarize quantitative relationships

Transformational - illustrate change over time or space

Interpretive

- Make intangible phenomena invisible

Content Types & Graphics

Contiguity Principle - Place text near corresponding graphics

Good use of Contiguity

Bad use of Contiguity

Effects of Following the Multimedia Principle 1. Students participate in active learning because they are

making connections between graphics and text 2. Active learning leads to engaged learning which can

increase motivation and academic achievement 3. Active learning leads to knowledge construction rather

than information acquisition which involves more profound cognitive processing

Examples of Multimedia Principles Used Beneficially

Examples of not using Multimedia Principles Correctly

Contiguity Principle

1. Graphics and text should be placed near each other on the screen.

2. Spoken words and graphics should be presented simultaneously.

Contiguity Principle Do’s and Don’ts

Do : When a graphic is showing instructions, steps, descriptions, or actions make sure the printed words are right next to it on the screen. Don’t : When scrolling, text should never be separate from the graphic above or below it. Don’t : Never put feedback on a separate page from a student answer Don’t : Directions should not appear on a separate page from their application When a graphic is showing a task, an action, or a description, the narration should be presented at the same time. Don’t : Present a segment of narration that comes first and is followed by the video or animation second. Don’t : Provide an icon or link for the narration that is separate than the icon or link for the graphic.

Examples of Using Contiguity Principles Correctly