FROM

CELL PHONES/CELL TOWERS

By: Naveen Kumar

Outline of Presentation

Electromagnetic Radiation: Intro

Microwave Radiation Effects

SAR Limits

Radiation Pattern of Cell tower antenna

Effects on Plants, Animals, Birds & Humans

Suggested Solutions

Conclusion

Electromagnetic Radiations

EMR causes significant health hazards on human,animals, birds, plants and environment.

7.5

Lakhs

900+

Million

Mobile phones & Towers Statistics

in India

Population: 1.25 Billion

Mobile Subscribers: 96

Crores (Approx.)

Mobile phone towers:

7.5 Lakhs

Microwave Radiation Effects

Microwave radiation effects are classified as:

•Thermal

•Non-thermal

The current exposure safety standards are

mainly based on the thermal effects, which are

inadequate.

Non-thermal effects are several times more

harmful than thermal effects.

Heating Concept in Microwave

4.2 KW (4200 W) of microwave power raises temperature

of 1 Litre of water by 10°C in 1 second.

Cell Phone - Ear Warming?

Have you ever noticed the warm sensation in ear after

using mobile phone for a long time?

Warm sensation > pain > tinnitus

Tinnitus is Ringxiety- sensation of cell phone ring

SAR Limit for Mobiles & Towers

SAR (Specific absorption rate) - Rate at which

radiation is absorbed by human body, measured

in watts per kg (W/kg).

Since 2012 DoT has revised the SAR values in

mobile phones sold in India to 1.6 W/Kg

(Maximum)

For mobile towers also in 2012 DoT revised the

maximum SAR value to be 1.05 W/sq.m (For 3G

at 2100 MHz)

Cell Tower Transmit

Frequencies

Antennas on Cell Phone tower transmit in the

frequency range of:

• 869 - 890 MHz (CDMA)

• 935 - 960 MHz (GSM900)

• 1805 – 1880 MHz (GSM1800)

• 2110 – 2170 MHz (3G)

• 2300 MHz (4G)

Radiation Pattern of a Cell Tower

Antenna

Propagation of "main beam“ from antenna mounted on a tower or roof top

People living within 50 to 300 meter radius are in the high radiation zone (dark blue) and are more prone to ill-effects of electromagnetic radiation.

Effect on Environment: Plants

4 cell towers near Gurgaon-Delhi Toll

Naka

Output of most of fruit bearing trees

drastically reduced to < 5% after 2.5

years of cell tower installation.

Effect on Environment: Birds &

AnimalsHave you ever seen any bird near celltowers?

May be not because birds have morevolume and less weight, so heatingeffect is very fast. Also interferes withnavigation and reproduction.

Dairy cows – Decreased milkproduction, developmental problemsand decline in overall health.

Sheep, dogs, cats, rabbits living nearbase stations also gets affected.

Biological Effects on Human

Body

‘Are cell phones

injurious’

Sep. 2011.

SUGGESTED

SOLUTIONS

We have to decide

Wealth vs Health

Conclusion

Until now, man has been absorbing the harmful,

unseen EM radiations without even being

aware of it, but now, with rapid advent in

technology this RF Radiation pollution has

started having ill effects on human health and

health of animals.

Hence, there is an urgent need to take

precautionary steps.

Where to find me..

chd.naveen@gmail.com

/chd.naveen

@saini_naveen87

/NaveenKumar11

www.elixir-india.com

Cell Phone Antennas17