Post on 15-Apr-2017
A CIRCULAR ECONOMY FOR DENMARK IN A GLOBAL CONTEXT
WASTE-TO-ENERGY IN THE CIRCULAR ECONOMY21ST OCTOBER 2015
Dr Mervyn JonesSustainable Global ResourcesUnited Kingdom
DENMARK V THE WORLD
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Go
od
Bad
Source: Waste - Investing in energy and resource efficiency. UNEP 2011
CRUDE COMPARISONS
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2.05kg
Waste per capita per day
Tokyo Metro
Taipei
CitySeoul
City
Hong
Kong
Denmark
DANISH RESOURCE STRATEGY
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Published November 2013
The goal is that over the next 10 years Denmark is to recycle more than twice as much household waste as 2013.
This is a marked change in waste policy.
WHY A CIRCULAR ECONOMY?
Carbon
Recovery
Recycling
Repair
Re-use
Materialextraction
Disposal
Design &Production
Use
Retail &Distribution
Resource Minimisation
WastePrevention
Water Materials
Stability Resilience Competition
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WHY A CIRCULAR ECONOMY?
World Economic Forum (2014) Towards the Circular Economy: Accelerating the scale-up across global supply chains
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80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012
Input prices Output prices
UK manufacturing input (energy & commodities) and output prices2000 = 100
Source: ONS
90%
ADDRESSING PRODUCTION COSTS
30%
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RESILIENCE
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• Decoupling waste from growth for all OECDs• Denmark is increasing waste through consumption in a
period of economic downturn
EU CIRCULAR ECONOMY
2015 consultation due to report imminently
Global competition for resources is increasing. Supply concentration of resources, e.g. CRMs outside the EU markets dependent on imports, vulnerable to high prices & volatility
Can promote competitiveness, innovation, greater protection for humans and the environment, and major economic benefits including growth and job creation
Requires action at all stages of the life cycle of products
Requires demand-side measures
Barriers to the circular economy includes market failures and also governance and regulatory failures
Denmark provided 90 (7%) of over 1400 responses
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CONSULTATION SUMMARY
89% were well or fairly informed about the CE
89% felt (very) important to minimise lifecycle environmental impacts
84% want impact on consumers (e.g. durability & reparability)
>75% want to encourage the consumption of green products
73% want to promote collaboration between and among private and public sectors, including end-users
>72% want to promote and/or enable the use of economic incentives for eco-innovation &sustainable product design
>70% want to encourage industry-led initiatives
67% want to impact on EU imports and exports
64% want to establish binding rules on product design
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VIEWS ON PRODUCT FEATURES
Recyclability – 86% felt (very) important
Durability - 83%
Resource use in the use phase (e.g. water efficiency) – 83%
Reusability -78%
Increase in reused parts or RC – 76%
Reparability: Product design & parts availability facilitating maintenance and repair activities – 74%
Reparability: Availability of information on product repair -73%
Upgradability and modularity – 71%
Biodegradability and compostability – 60%
Packaging & Small EE were the clear priorities identified (followed by construction, textiles & large white goods)
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CIRCULARITY IN THE EU ECONOMIES
Source: ETC SCP/WRAP unpublished, 2013
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EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES
“Growth in the circular
economy can be expected
to have lasting beneficial
effects on the labour
market.”
Employment and the circular economy, WRAP
& Green Alliance, 2015
Between 2000 and
2010, sales turnover
in the waste and
recycling sector had
nearly tripled, to
over £18 billion.
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SUSTAINABLE PRODUCTION
Source: EVA128 WRAP, 2009
Production strategies
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SUSTAINABLE CONSUMPTION
Consumption strategies
Source: EVA128 WRAP, 2009
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PROCUREMENT & CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Sustainable Public Procurement + Circular Economy = Circular Procurement
Circular business models
Circular design
Circular procurement
Circular thinking
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Resource Efficiency
Models
Investment
Alternative ownership
models
Service provision
Reuse of goods
Service provision
CIRCULAR PROCUREMENT OPTIONS
Reduce use of Consumables
Use Less Resources
Longer Lifetimes
Recover end-of-life Materials
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PROMOTING A CIRCULAR APPROACH
Waste prevention has greatest impact
Ensuring the circular design of products
Optimising lifetimes of products
Ensuring right collection routes
Developing the right markets
Implementing a balanced approach
Using closed loop approaches
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