metrics&

temperature

mass

Mass is how much matter is in an object

1 milligram = 0.001 gram1 centigram = 0.01 gram1 decigram = 0.1 gram1 kilogram = 1000 grams

A US cent weighs exactly 2.5 g,while the nickel weighs exactly 5 g.

1 liter of water weighs 1 kilogram, so 1 cubic meter — 1000 liters — of water weighs 1000 kilograms or 1 metric ton.

Volume: how much space an object takes up

1 milliliter = 0.001 liter1 centiliter = 0.01 liter1 deciliter = 0.1 liter1 kiloliter = 1000 liters

A: The bottom of a concave meniscus.B: The top of a convex meniscus.

Meniscus

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/1/12/Beakers.jpg

length: how long something is

1 millimeter = 0.001 meter1 centimeter = 0.01 meter1 decimeter = 0.1 meter1 kilometer = 1000 meters

• Three temperature scales are in common use in science, industry & medicine.

• Two of those scales are SI metric: degree Celsius (°C) & kelvin (K).

• The 3rd is the degree Fahrenheit scale (°F) .

• freezing (0)

• boiling temperatures of pure water (100) at 1 atm.

degree Celsius (°C) scale

• It is the experience of high altitude hikers that it takes longer to cook food at altitude because the boiling point of water is lower.

• if you try to cook an egg in boiling water while camping in the Rocky Mountains at an elevation of 10,000 feet, you will find that it takes longer for the egg to cook because water boils at only 90 degrees C at this elevation.

• Raising or lowering the pressure by about 1 atm will change the boiling point by 1°C.

• if you add salt to water, its freezing point becomes lower

A degree Celsius memory device:

Thirty is hot Twenty is nice Ten is cool Zero is ice

• a healthy, resting adult human being is 98.6 °F (37.0 °C)

• Temperatures on this scale were at one time known as degrees centigrade, however it is no longer correct to use that terminology.

kelvin (K)

• The kelvin (K) temperature scale is an extension of the degree Celsius scale down to absolute zero, a hypothetical temperature characterized by a complete absence of heat energy.

• Temperatures on this scale are called kelvins, NOT degrees kelvin, kelvin is not capitalized, and the symbol (capital K) stands alone with no degree symbol.

temperature kelvin degree Celsius degree Fahrenheit

symbol K °C °F

boiling point of water 373.15 100. 212.

melting point of ice 273.15 0. 32.

absolute zero 0. -273.15 -459.67

Temperature conversions between the three temperature

scales:

kelvin / degree Celsius conversions (exact):

kelvin = degree Celsius + 273.15

degree Celsius = kelvin - 273.15

degree Fahrenheit / degree Celsius conversions (exact):

• degree F = (degree C x 1.8) + 32.

• degree C = (degree F - 32) / 1.8

Temperature conversion problems

1. 20 degrees C = _________degrees F2. 105 degrees F = _________degrees C3. 12 degrees C = _________degrees F4. 115 degrees F = _________ K5. 30 degrees C = ____________ K6. 515 K = ____________ degrees F7. 389 K = ____________ degrees C8. 212 degrees F = __________ degrees C

time

The following conversions are useful when

working with time:1 minute = 60 seconds1 hour = 60 minutes = 3600 seconds1 day = 24 hours1 week = 7 days1 year = 365 1/4 days (for the Earth to travel once around the sun)