Post on 11-Jan-2022
Methodology for Assessing Quality Infrastructure
for Renewable Energy Technologies in Developing Countries
George Kelly – Sunset Technology Inc. 2 Oct 2014
Project #120350
• Seeking to priori5ze ac5vi5es for support of RE technology adop5on in developing countries
• Desire to develop standardized methodology for evalua5ng op5ons and selec5ng most effec5ve methods of support
• Based on input from interna5onal experts on RE technology (IEC Technical CommiKees)
4-‐step process
• Basic concept is logical and straighPorward
• Concentrates on asking the correct ques5ons
• Links responses to the most appropriate ac5ons based on Market Stage and exis5ng REQI elements
Step 1: Basic QuesJons Four ques)ons on market demand, financing policy, standardiza5on and manufacturing capacity
allowing for a basic categoriza5on of the RE market stage in a given country
Step 2: Market Stage The market stage (introduc)on, growth, consolida)on, maturity) is determined on the basis of the
responses to the Basic Ques5ons
Step 3: Specific QuesJons On the basis of the market stage iden5fied, a further detailed set of ques)ons needs to be answered
to assist with determining the most appropriate course of ac)on in a given country Eventually based on an available list of standard profiles
Step 4: Tailored RecommendaJons Depending on the responses to the Specific Ques5ons, the market stage can be further refined and a
set of priori)zed ac)ons for improving QI for a given country iden5fied.
Performance m
onitoring for every stage
Step 1 – Basic Ques5ons
• Must correlate to market stage descrip5ons (introduc5on, growth, consolida5on, mature) – Iden5fying characteris5cs at each stage – Based on key situa5onal components (KSCs) which are the most indica5ve of market stage
– Not necessarily about QI; more about ability for market to develop
Key Situa5onal Components (the Four Ques5ons)
• KSCs are iden5fied as: – Market demand – Policy for financing of RE – Standards & conformity assessment – Exis5ng manufacturing capacity
• Need to provide further guidance for the na5onal expert on how to properly analyze the responses to select the correct market stage
Key Situa5onal Component Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity Market demand There is an ini5al
consumer demand (early movers) for RETs
There is a growing consumer demand for RETs ; consumers recognize value of RE
There is a steady growth of RET deployment; consumers recognize value of RE; consumers recognize value of QI
Significant value is perceived for RE; high quality is demanded; benefits of QI are understood
Policy for financing of RE
There is no policy in place, or minimal funding available
Some public funding is available; minimal private financing is available
Increasing public and private funding are available; some consumer financing is available
Significant public and private funding are available; consumer financing is readily available
Standards & conformity assessment
There are no relevant standards adopted; there is no conformity assessment
Relevant standards are adopted; conformity based on importer cer5fica5ons
Relevant standards encouraging quality improvements are adopted; par5cipa5on in standards development; limited par5cipa5on in IECRE
Extensive standards encouraging quality improvements are adopted; par5cipa5on in standards development; full par5cipa5on in IECRE
Manufacturing capacity
There is no manufacturing capacity in place
There is limited local manufacturing capacity; there is minimal capability for quality management
There is local manufacturing capacity; there is improving capability for quality management
There is significant local manufacturing capacity; there is established capability for quality management
Score: 1 2 3 4
Step 2-‐ Market Stage Market Stage IntroducJon Growth ConsolidaJon Maturity
Minimum Score 1.0 2.5 3.0 3.5
Maximum Score 2.4 2.9 3.4 4.0
• Weigh5ng Factors are assigned based on market stage determined in this step
• These factors are used to priori5ze recommended ac5ons in step 4
Market Stage Ra5ngs (based on average score)
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
1 65 129 193
4 QuesJon Scoring
IntroducJon
Growth
ConsolidaJon
Maturity
Distribu5on is expected to be skewed to early market stages
Market introducJon
Step 3: Specific quesJons
1. Ques5on A 2. Ques5on B 3. Ques5on C 4. Ques5on D 5. Ques5on E
6. Etc.
Step 4: Tailored recommendaJons
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc. Profile 1*
Profile 2
Profile 3
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
Market growth
1. Ques5on A 2. Ques5on B 3. Ques5on C 4. Ques5on D 5. Ques5on E
6. Etc.
Profile 1
Profile 2 1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
*The number of specific ques5ons and profiles is to be determined. The number used here serves as an example only.
Standard profiles could be developed over 5me
Market maturity
Step 3: Specific quesJons
1. Ques5on A 2. Ques5on B 3. Ques5on C 4. Ques5on D 5. Ques5on E
6. Etc.
Step 4: Tailored recommendaJons
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc. Profile 1
Profile 2
Profile 3
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc. Profile 4
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
Market consolidaJon
1. Ques5on A 2. Ques5on B 3. Ques5on C 4. Ques5on D 5. Ques5on E
6. Etc.
Profile 1*
Profile 2 1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
1. Recommenda5on Priority 1 2. Recommenda5on Priority 2
3. Etc.
Standard profiles could be developed over 5me
Step 3 – Specific ques5ons
• Different from basic ques5ons – Responses are indica5ve of QI development
• Characteriza5on of REQI Elements to iden5fy subdivisions of specific needs within market stages – Most markets are expected to be in “introduc5on” or “growth” stages
– Must guide recommenda5ons to specific needs of the individual country
– Must be indica5ve of which course of ac5on will be most effec5ve
Situa5onal Needs Profile REQI Elements Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity Market economics
Regulatory policy
Information on international standards
Participation in standards development
Adoption of standards Responses to Further set of specific questions
Conformity assessment process
Management of the certification system
Laboratory and testing capabilities
Installation, operation and maintenance
• Specific ques5ons used in step 3 will be selected/edited from the list in Annex D • May be same ques5ons or different ques5ons for each market stage • Responses may not be sufficiently similar to jus5fy “standard” profiles as
envisioned in previous discussions
Step 4 – Tailored recommenda5ons
• Each country case will result in a set of priori5es and recommended ac5ons – REQI needed at each market stage is defined based on IRENA references
– Answers gathered in Step 3 are used to iden5fy REQI gaps based on KSCs in subject country
– Ac5ons are priori5zed based on expected results, 5me horizon, and available budget
General Categories of Ac5ons (refined with IRENA model)
• Policy – Incen5ves – Standards – Licensing
• Standards process – Educa5on – Par5cipa5on
• Manufacturing support – QC equipment – Training
• Technical capability – Lab – Field
Guidance for Recommended Ac5ons (p.1) Broad areas of ac5vity
Key capacity building needs
Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity
Economic Support support QI support QI/Market
support QI/Market
bolster interna5onal QI
Financial support for product and market development
require cer5fied imports
mfr incen5ves end user incen5ves requiring QI
link w/intl groups devloping QI
Performance Assurance
support demo projects
ini5ate tes5ng begin product valida5on
lower govt support
Management of the certification system
build public awareness
local labs emula5ng intl stds
eqpt & system ra5ngs/lis5ng
reduce incen5ves
Communication of policy and incentives for RE technology adoption
user training IEC tests w/consumer labels
reduce local QI support
( Easier to read in Excel sheet !! )
Guidance for Recommended Ac5ons (p.2) Broad areas of ac5vity
Key capacity building needs
Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity
Standards Process support con5nued standards making
support QI
Utilization of international standards
adopt in’tl stds as natl stds
natl & intl natl stds maintenance
standards maintenance
Participation in standards development process
regional/intl stds par5cipa5on
interna5onal standards par5cipa5on
Training fund training support training require accredita5on
Access to information on standards and conformity assessment systems
Installation, operation and maintenance of RE systems
courses for prac55oners
cer5fied prac55oners
training, inspec5on
Development of national capacity to implement relevant standards (trainers, consultants, energy experts, assessors, auditors)
courses for import inspectors
Guidance for Recommended Ac5ons (p.3) Broad areas of ac5vity
Key capacity building needs Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity
Test Capability develop regional QI scheme
support unaccredited test labs
require accredita5on
Laboratory and testing capabilities
colloborate w/other countries
regional QI development
approach intl stds test labs, cer5fica5on,
Technical capacity for future standard development and performance monitoring
Development of national conformity assessment providers with mutual recognition within accepted international guidelines
Priori5za5on of Ac5ons
Three Decision Criteria: • Most likely to achieve improvement • Reasonably short 5me horizon • Consistent with available budget
– Es5mated cost ranges must be assigned to each type of ac5on
Market Stage Weigh5ng Factors
• Based on Market Stage determined in step 2 • Not sure if further subdivision is (1) more effec5ve or (2) too complex
Market Stage Weigh5ng Factor (MSWF)
Broad areas of ac5vity Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity
Economic Support 3 2 2 1
Performance Assurance 2 3 3 2
Standards Process 3 3 2 1
Training 2 3 2 1
Test Capability 1 2 3 3
Market Stage Weigh5ng Factors Market Stage Weigh5ng Factor (MSWF) Key capacity building needs Introduc5on Growth Consolida5on Maturity Financial support for product and market development 3 2 2 1 Management of the certification system 2 3 3 2 Communication of policy and incentives for RE technology adoption 3 2 2 1
Utilization of international standards 2 3 3 2
Participation in standards development process 2 3 2 1
Access to information on standards and conformity assessment systems 3 2 1 1
Installation, operation and maintenance of RE systems 2 3 2 1
Development of national capacity to implement relevant standards (trainers, consultants, energy experts, assessors, auditors)
2 3 2 1
Laboratory and testing capabilities 1 2 3 3
Technical capacity for future standard development and performance monitoring 1 2 2 3
Development of national conformity assessment providers with mutual recognition within accepted international guidelines
1 3 2 2
• Based on Market Stage determined in step 2 • Not sure if further subdivision is (1) more effec5ve or (2) too complex
Conclusions • UNIDO is well posi5oned to provide capacity-‐building services
relevant to REQI – In earlier work, UNIDO and IRENA have made significant progress in
developing a methodology for evalua5on of REQI in developing countries
• The concept of market development through a four-‐stage hierarchy is a useful model for understanding the most important requirements for effec5vely improving REQI – By gaining an understanding of situa5onal components, it is possible
to select the most cost-‐effec5ve and beneficial ac5ons that will improve QI
• The methodology can be further op5mized to guide the selec5on of the best ac5ons to improve REQI and achieve public policy objec5ves
PART 2
• If sufficient 5me is available for further discussion
• Possible u5liza5on of conformity assessment with new IEC System for Cer5fica5on to Standards Rela5ng to Equipment for Use in Renewable Energy Applica5ons (IECRE System)
®
IECRE System • Indica5on of a need for interna5onal conformity assessment system for RE
• Originally conceived for large projects • Could define scheme for small RE tech in developing countries
®
Conformity Assessment
• Evalua5on against interna5onal standards – May use na5onal or regional standards if no interna5onal standard is available
• Improved quality and performance – Assurance that PV plant will operate as designed for its expected life5me
• Increased confidence for investors – Financial return meets expecta5ons – Risk is reduced
10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 27
®
IEC Roles & Responsibili5es
• Standards Management Board (SMB) – Technical CommiKees => Write the standards – Manage nomina5on of experts and vo5ng by Na5onal CommiKees
• Conformity Assessment Board (CAB) – Assessment Schemes => Evaluate implementa5on of standards in specific situa5ons
– Manage accredita5on of Cer5fying Bodies
®
10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 28
IEC Organiza5on IEC Central Office
ExecuJve CommiTee
IECRE
Standardiza5on Management Board
(SMB)
Conformity Assessment Board
(CAB)
Technical CommiKees (like TC82)
Technical Advisory CommiKees
Strategic Groups
CAB Working Groups
IECEE
IECEx
IECQ
®
10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 29
IECRE Structure
IEC CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT BOARD, CAB Oversees IEC Conformity Assessment policy and Systems, eg IECEE, IECEx, IECQ, IECRE
IECRE Management CommiKee, REMC Overall management of the IECRE System
Officers + Execu5ve, Scheme Chairs, IEC Gen. Sec
Expert Working Groups (WGs) – as needed
WE OMC Wind Energy Opera5onal Management CommiKee
Na5onal Members TC 88 + SC Liaison
ME OMC Marine Energy Opera5onal Management CommiKee
Na5onal Members
SubCommiKees + WGs
IECRE Secretariat
Technical Support Administra5on
PV OMC PV Solar Opera5onal Management CommiKee
Daily management of WE Scheme
SubCommiKees +WGs
Daily management of ME Scheme
TC 114 + SC Liaison
Daily management of PV Scheme
Na5onal Members
SubCommiKees + WGs TC 82 + SC Liaison
Na5onal Members (Countries)
Aspects of Cer5fica5on
• Design Phase • General • Site condi5ons evalua5on • Design evalua5on • Equipment evalua5on • Structural and electrical
evalua5on
• Implementa5on Phase
• Installa5on surveillance • Output characteris5cs
measurement • Commissioning surveillance • Opera5on and
maintenance surveillance
10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 33
• Conformity assessment will be performed and cer5ficate issued for an individual PV power plant on a specific site
PV Standards for Assessment
Module -‐ 61215 / 61730 Inverter -‐ 62109 / 62891 BOS -‐ 62093 + others Manufacturing Quality – 82/800/NP System Design -‐ 62548 / 62738 Installa5on – local codes Commissioning -‐ 62446 / 61829 Opera5on – 61724 + TBD Maintenance – NWIP 10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 34
Interna5onal Electrotechnical Commission Technical CommiKee 82 -‐ Solar photovoltaic energy systems
IEC System for Cer5fica5on to Standards Rela5ng to Equipment
for Use in Renewable Energy Applica5ons (IECRE System)
®
Thank you for your attention
Questions?
Contact george@sunset-technology.com 10 June 2014 George Kelly – Sunset Technology 35