Methamphetamine & Other

Drugs

What is Project ACE?

• A collaborative effort that includes business people, government officials, law enforcement leaders, social service professionals, K-16 educators.

• Using a community-based assets driven approach to change attitudes and behavior.

• Seeking to encourage Action, foster Commitment, and offer Education for the purpose of helping young people in our region make healthier choices with regard to six challenging issues in their lives…

What is Project ACE?

• A collaborative effort that includes business people, government officials, law enforcement leaders, social service professionals, K-16 educators.

• Using a community-based assets driven approach to change attitudes and behavior.

• Seeking to encourage Action, foster Commitment, and offer Education for the purpose of helping young people in our region make healthier choices with regard to six challenging issues in their lives…

Project ACE – Six TopicsProject ACE – Six Topics• Alcohol

• Methamphetamine & Other Drugs (Tobacco, Cocaine, Marijuana)

• Suicide

• Violence

• Sexual Activity

• Gambling

• Alcohol

• Methamphetamine & Other Drugs (Tobacco, Cocaine, Marijuana)

• Suicide

• Violence

• Sexual Activity

• Gambling

Project ACE – Why?Project ACE – Why?

• We care about young people in southwest North Dakota

• We recognize the critically important role young people will play in the future success and vitality of North Dakota.

• We care about young people in southwest North Dakota

• We recognize the critically important role young people will play in the future success and vitality of North Dakota.

Project ACEProject ACE• Badlands Human Service

Center• Bureau of Criminal

Investigation• Chamber of Commerce• Clear Channel Radio –

KCAD, KZRX, KLTC• Community Action

Partnership• Department of Public

Instruction• Dickinson Ministerial

Association• Dickinson Police

Department• Dickinson State

University• Domestic Violence and

Rape Crisis Center

• Badlands Human Service Center

• Bureau of Criminal Investigation

• Chamber of Commerce• Clear Channel Radio –

KCAD, KZRX, KLTC• Community Action

Partnership• Department of Public

Instruction• Dickinson Ministerial

Association• Dickinson Police

Department• Dickinson State

University• Domestic Violence and

Rape Crisis Center

• Elected Officials• KDIX Radio• KQCD-TV• KXMA-CBS2• NDSU Extension• North Dakota Highway Patrol• Quality Quick Print• Region VIII School Systems• Rural Crime and Justice Center• Southwestern District Health Unit• Southwest District Juvenile Court• St. Joseph’s Hospital & Health

Center• Stark County Sheriff’s Department• Stark County Social Services• The Dickinson Press• West Dakota Parent & Family Resource Center

• Elected Officials• KDIX Radio• KQCD-TV• KXMA-CBS2• NDSU Extension• North Dakota Highway Patrol• Quality Quick Print• Region VIII School Systems• Rural Crime and Justice Center• Southwestern District Health Unit• Southwest District Juvenile Court• St. Joseph’s Hospital & Health

Center• Stark County Sheriff’s Department• Stark County Social Services• The Dickinson Press• West Dakota Parent & Family Resource Center

Tobacco

WhatWhat is is tobacco?tobacco?Tobacco is a tropical

plant that is widely cultivated for its leaves which are dried and processed for smoking and chewing as snuff.

Tobacco naturally contains nicotine, but tobacco companies add more to hook users and keep them hooked.

Other Chemicals are added to aid in the rate of absorption of the nicotine, improve taste, and to preserve tissues of carcasses contained in the tobacco from pesticides used by tobacco farmers and companies.

Signs & Effects of Short- Term Use

AddictionWrinklesTooth Decay/Gum DiseaseStained Teeth & FingernailsImpotenceHigh Blood PressureIncrease Heart RateShortness of BreathBad BreathSmelly Clothes & HairNarrows blood vesselsIncreased Headaches

Every part of the Every part of the body is effected by body is effected by

smokingsmoking

So What?

Long-Term Effects of Tobacco Use

Heart DiseaseCancerEmphysema/COPDAsthma/ Chronic BronchitisUlcersDiabetesInfertilityCataractsStroke

More than 434,000 people in the U.S. and 860 in North Dakota die of tobacco-related illnesses every year – more than from AIDS, car crashes, alcohol, suicides, homicides, fire and illegal drugs combined.

Impact on SocietyImpact on Society Main stream smoke Main stream smoke

24 24 secondsseconds per cigarette per cigarette

4000 chemicals present4000 chemicals present

43 are known 43 are known carcinogenscarcinogens

Side stream smoke12 minutes per

cigarette

200 known poisons

43 known carcinogens

Gateway to other drug useComplication with pregnancies

Low Birth Weight & SIDSIncreased colds, flu, & Ear InfectionsDevelopmental Disorders/Delays

Illnesses cause by Secondhand Smoke – same as those caused by tobacco useDirect Medical Expenditures – Annual cost per capita = $552Productivity lossIncreased Medicaid expendituresIncreased insurance premiums

Now What?Parental

InvolvementPositive Role ModelConsistent and frequent tobacco education messagesCommunication Tobacco-free environments

Community InvolvementConsistant & Frequent Anti-Tobacco MessagesNeighborhood Watch – report violatorsTobacco-Free EnvironmentsTobacco Prevention/Education programs in every grade

Marijuana

MarijuanaMarijuana

• A drug derived from the Cannabis plant. The main active chemical is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

• Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug.

• At least one-third of Americans have used marijuana sometime in their lives.

• A drug derived from the Cannabis plant. The main active chemical is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

• Marijuana is the most commonly used illicit drug.

• At least one-third of Americans have used marijuana sometime in their lives.

US DEA

MarijuanaMarijuanaStreet Names

• Grass• Pot• Weed• Mary Jane• Bud• Dope• Indo• Hydro• Cannabis

Street Names• Grass• Pot• Weed• Mary Jane• Bud• Dope• Indo• Hydro• Cannabis

US DEA

MarijuanaMarijuana

What does it look like?

A green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of the hemp plant.

What does it look like?

A green, brown, or gray mixture of dried, shredded leaves, stems, seeds, and flowers of the hemp plant.

US DEA

MarijuanaMarijuana

How is it taken?

• Marijuana is usually smoked as a cigarette (called a joint) or in a pipe or bong.

How is it taken?

• Marijuana is usually smoked as a cigarette (called a joint) or in a pipe or bong.

US DEA

Effects of Using Marijuana

Effects of Using Marijuana

• Feelings of elation (high)• Increased heart rate• Cognitive skill impairment• Slowed reaction time• Dry mouth and throat• Change in appetite• Drowsiness• Bloodshot eyes

• Feelings of elation (high)• Increased heart rate• Cognitive skill impairment• Slowed reaction time• Dry mouth and throat• Change in appetite• Drowsiness• Bloodshot eyes

US DEA

Effects of Using Marijuana

Effects of Using Marijuana

• Frequent respiratory infections• Impaired attention (long term)• Impaired memory and learning• Fetal development problems• Depressed immune system

• Frequent respiratory infections• Impaired attention (long term)• Impaired memory and learning• Fetal development problems• Depressed immune system

US DEA

Prevalence Among YouthPrevalence

Among Youth

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

North Dakota high school students who have tried marijuana one or more times in the past 30 days:

1999 18.8%

2001 22.0%

2003 20.6% (13.5)

2005 15.5%

North Dakota high school students who have tried marijuana one or more times in the past 30 days:

1999 18.8%

2001 22.0%

2003 20.6% (13.5)

2005 15.5%

So What?Marijuana as a Gateway

Drug

So What?Marijuana as a Gateway

Drug

National Child Safety Council

• Gateway drugs are a group of comparatively weak drugs that may lead users (primarily teens) to experiment with other substances

• Marijuana is considered to be a gateway drug primarily because many users do not view the drug to be harmful

• Gateway drugs are a group of comparatively weak drugs that may lead users (primarily teens) to experiment with other substances

• Marijuana is considered to be a gateway drug primarily because many users do not view the drug to be harmful

Cocaine and Methamphetamine

CocaineCocaine•Cocaine is a powerfully

addictive stimulant drug.

• Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit drug in the United States.

• About 10 percent of Americans over the age of 12 have tried cocaine at least once in their lifetime.

•Cocaine is a powerfully addictive stimulant drug.

• Cocaine is the second most commonly used illicit drug in the United States.

• About 10 percent of Americans over the age of 12 have tried cocaine at least once in their lifetime.

US DEA

CocaineCocaine

Street Names• Coke• Crack• Blow • Nose Candy• Snowball• Wicky Stick• Tornado

Street Names• Coke• Crack• Blow • Nose Candy• Snowball• Wicky Stick• Tornado

Cocaine

What does it look like?

Cocaine

What does it look like?

• White crystalline powder • "Crack" or "rock" cocaine is an off-

white chunky material.

• White crystalline powder • "Crack" or "rock" cocaine is an off-

white chunky material.

CocaineCocaine

Methods of Use

• Smoking• Snorting• Injection• Ingestion

Methods of Use

• Smoking• Snorting• Injection• Ingestion

Effects of Using CocaineEffects of Using Cocaine• Causes euphoria, then depression

• Pupils dilate

• Tissue irritation

• Tooth decay due to anesthetic effect

• Blood vessels constrict

• Heart rate increases, vessels constrict

• Decreased liver function

• Decreased appetite

• Causes euphoria, then depression

• Pupils dilate

• Tissue irritation

• Tooth decay due to anesthetic effect

• Blood vessels constrict

• Heart rate increases, vessels constrict

• Decreased liver function

• Decreased appetite

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

North Dakota high school students who have tried cocaine one or more times:

1999 8.3%

2001 9.3%

2003 9.7%

2005 7.2%

North Dakota high school students who have tried cocaine one or more times:

1999 8.3%

2001 9.3%

2003 9.7%

2005 7.2%

Prevalence Among YouthPrevalence Among Youth

MethamphetamineMethamphetamine

• Methamphetamine is a very powerful central nervous system stimulant.

• Methamphetamine accounts for up to 90 percent of all drug cases in many Midwest communities.

• In 2002, more than 12 million people reported that they had used Methamphetamine at least once in their lives.

• Methamphetamine is a very powerful central nervous system stimulant.

• Methamphetamine accounts for up to 90 percent of all drug cases in many Midwest communities.

• In 2002, more than 12 million people reported that they had used Methamphetamine at least once in their lives.

MethamphetamineMethamphetamine

Street Names

– Glass– Crystal– Nazi Dope – Anny– Crank

Street Names

– Glass– Crystal– Nazi Dope – Anny– Crank

MethamphetamineMethamphetamine

What does it look like?

– Crystal– Powder– Rocks, Chunks– Multiple Colors

What does it look like?

– Crystal– Powder– Rocks, Chunks– Multiple Colors

MethamphetamineMethamphetamine

How is it taken?

– Smoked– Injected– Snorted– Ingested

How is it taken?

– Smoked– Injected– Snorted– Ingested

Effects of Using Methamphetamine

Effects of Using Methamphetamine

– Euphoria– Sleeplessness– Paranoia and confusion– Increased heart rate, blood pressure,

and respiration– Hyperthermia– Seizures– Depression and anxiety– Sores and skin infection

– Euphoria– Sleeplessness– Paranoia and confusion– Increased heart rate, blood pressure,

and respiration– Hyperthermia– Seizures– Depression and anxiety– Sores and skin infection

Effects of Using MethamphetamineEffects of Using

Methamphetamine

• Lowered resistance to all types of diseases/ailments

• Fatal kidney and lung disorders• Strokes• Brain damage• Liver damage• Heart infections - blood clots• Insomnia - hallucinations• Psychotic behavior

• Lowered resistance to all types of diseases/ailments

• Fatal kidney and lung disorders• Strokes• Brain damage• Liver damage• Heart infections - blood clots• Insomnia - hallucinations• Psychotic behavior

Additional Signs & Effects

Additional Signs & Effects

“Crank Bugs”“Meth Mites”“Crank Bugs”“Meth Mites”

Additional Signs & Effects

Additional Signs & Effects

Injuries and infections

are common, sometimes resulting in

death.

Injuries and infections

are common, sometimes resulting in

death.

Additional Signs & Effects

Additional Signs & Effects

Chemical BurnsChemical Burns

Additional Signs & Effects

Additional Signs & Effects

Rotten Teeth

Teeth Grinding

Rotten Teeth

Teeth Grinding

Additional Signs & Effects

Additional Signs & Effects

•Pulling at hair or wiry, thinned out hair

•Dilated pupils and/or bloodshot eyes

•Inflated sense of confidence

•Moodiness and irritability

•Anxiousness/nervousness

•Severe depression

•Pulling at hair or wiry, thinned out hair

•Dilated pupils and/or bloodshot eyes

•Inflated sense of confidence

•Moodiness and irritability

•Anxiousness/nervousness

•Severe depression

Year OneYear TwoYear ThreeYear FourYear FiveYear SixYear SevenYear EightYear NineYear Ten

DO NOT BE A HERO!Call for assistance from law enforcement.

DO NOT BE A HERO!Call for assistance from law enforcement.

“Nazi Method” Ingredients

“Nazi Method” Ingredients

Ephedrine orPseudoephedri

ne

Ephedrine orPseudoephedri

ne

Gasoline AdditivesGasoline Additives

“Nazi Method” Ingredients

“Nazi Method” Ingredients

LithiumLithiumAnhydrous Ammonia

Anhydrous Ammonia

“Nazi Method” Ingredients“Nazi Method” Ingredients

EtherEtherHydrogen

chloride gasHydrogen

chloride gas

Other Household Items

Other Household Items

• Burner or heating source• Blenders• Glassware• Gas cans• Mason jars• Hoses• Ziploc bags• Thermos containers• Coffee grinders • Coffee filters and funnels

• Burner or heating source• Blenders• Glassware• Gas cans• Mason jars• Hoses• Ziploc bags• Thermos containers• Coffee grinders • Coffee filters and funnels

Signs of a LabSigns of a Lab

Unusual, strong odors:• cat urine• ammonia

Large amounts of:• clear glass containers • cold tablet packaging• matchbooks or boxes• broken batteries• chemical containers

Unusual, strong odors:• cat urine• ammonia

Large amounts of:• clear glass containers • cold tablet packaging• matchbooks or boxes• broken batteries• chemical containers

Signs of a LabSigns of a Lab

• Covered windows

• Can be found anywhere

• Discoloration or staining

• Excessive traffic

• Security measures

• Covered windows

• Can be found anywhere

• Discoloration or staining

• Excessive traffic

• Security measures

Signs of a LabSigns of a Lab

Effects on Women/Children

Effects on Women/Children

Contamination may result due to transdermal absorption of methamphetamine residue.

National Jewish Medical Center Research – Results indicate that a teddy bear placed in a methamphetamine lab had a pH of 1.00!

Contamination may result due to transdermal absorption of methamphetamine residue.

National Jewish Medical Center Research – Results indicate that a teddy bear placed in a methamphetamine lab had a pH of 1.00!

Effects on Children/Family

Effects on Children/Family

North Dakota Department of Health

Effects on children living in a lab:

•Absorbing of deadly ingredients into skin

•Spilling chemicals

•Drinking chemicals

•Respiratory distress

Effects on children living in a lab:

•Absorbing of deadly ingredients into skin

•Spilling chemicals

•Drinking chemicals

•Respiratory distress

Effects on Children/Family

Effects on Children/Family

North Dakota Department of Human Services

North Dakota currently has231 children in foster care because a parent or guardian was using, manufacturing, or selling methamphetamine.

This number doubled from 117, in 2003.

North Dakota currently has231 children in foster care because a parent or guardian was using, manufacturing, or selling methamphetamine.

This number doubled from 117, in 2003.

Effects on ChildrenEffects on Children

“Initial research reveals that exposure [to methamphetamine] could cause 4.5 times more birth defects than those found in a

cocaine-exposed infant .”

Dr. Michael Sherman, UC Davis Medical Center

“Initial research reveals that exposure [to methamphetamine] could cause 4.5 times more birth defects than those found in a

cocaine-exposed infant .”

Dr. Michael Sherman, UC Davis Medical Center

Effects on Community Effects on Community

• Environmental contamination• Laboratory clean-up• Environmental contamination• Laboratory clean-up

Criminal ActivityCriminal Activity

Methamphetamine is often related to other crimes: Theft

Identity theft Domestic violence Sexual assault Child abuse Weapon offenses Arson Homicide

Methamphetamine is often related to other crimes: Theft

Identity theft Domestic violence Sexual assault Child abuse Weapon offenses Arson Homicide

Prevalence Among Youth

Prevalence Among Youth

North Dakota Department of Public Instruction

North Dakota high school students who have tried methamphetamine one or more times:

1999 10.5%

2001 9.7%

2003 8.5% (9.3)

2005 5.4%

North Dakota high school students who have tried methamphetamine one or more times:

1999 10.5%

2001 9.7%

2003 8.5% (9.3)

2005 5.4%

Now What?Now What?Parental Involvement

•Positive role model

•Communication

•Anti-Drug message

•Drug free environment

Parental Involvement

•Positive role model

•Communication

•Anti-Drug message

•Drug free environment

Community Involvement

•Coalitions and Civic groups

•Neighborhood watch

•Make the call

•Involved with youth

•Drug free environments

Community Involvement

•Coalitions and Civic groups

•Neighborhood watch

•Make the call

•Involved with youth

•Drug free environments