Measuring Periodontal Diseases

Dr. Afaf Tawati

objectives

● to learn how to measure gingivitis and periodontitis.

● to learn about epidemiological methods in assessing periodontal disease.

● to learn about partial mouth periodontal measurements.

Definitions of Gingivitis and Periodontitisdefinition of an index

how to measure gingivitis:P-M-A index

Gingival index of Loe and Silness: discription

Why are gingival bleeding indices not recommended for public health programs?

How to measure periodontitis?

- historical indices.Periodontal Index of Russell and its drawbacks.

periodontal Disease index; Ramfjord teeth.extent and severity index.

Case definition for Periodontitis

the use of cytokines in GCFCPITN

How to measure periodontitis?

Plaque and calculus index

OHI-S; descriptionPHP; description

Silness & Loe plaque index; descriptionVolpe-Manhold Index; discription

Partial mouth measurements

when to use them and why?What are the drawbacks of partial mouth

measurements?

considerations when using indices or evaluating studies using indices

1- Studies using different indices should be compared only as to general findings rather than specifics.2- An index should be selected according to its ability to evaluate the variable.3- Index methodology should not be modified.4- Plaque indices measuring presence/absence of plaque are for motivation, while those measuring quantity are for clinical trials and epidemiological surveys.5- Full mouth scoring is for clinical use or a small population group, while simplified indices are more useful for epidemiological studies and large clinical studies.6- Examiner intra- and inter- reliability should be established prior to use.

thank you!