Post on 22-Dec-2015
MANAGING THE CLASSROOM
BY JEREMY HARMER
How to teach English:
Presented by Keri and Kaan
Managing the classroom
Classroom managementThe teacher in the classroomUsing the voiceTalking to studentsGiving instructionsStudent Talk and teacher talkUsing the L1Creating Lesson stagesDifferent seating arrangements & student
groupings
Classroom Management
Variables
Space
Students : groups vs alone
Classroom Time
Appearance
Voice
Talking to students
Mother tongue role
Difficult situations
Classroommanagementonline.com
Teacher in the
classroom
Proximity
Appropriacy
Movement
Awareness
Physical Location?
Standing ?
How close ?
Still or walking around ?
The teacher’s primary responsibility is response-ability (Wilberg, as cited by Harmer, 2007, p. 35)
Self Awareness
How our students see us
Importance of Attire (Roach, 1997)
“Dress Professionally”“Relationship of GTA dress with student
perceptions of affective/cognitive learning, student misbehaviors, and student ratings of instruction”
GTA training often disregard “Non-verbal” factors.
Attire = attitudes, beliefs, values, socio-economics
True? False? Perception is everything
Persuasiveness Competence, credibility & professionalism.
…in the Classroom.
Different setting = different effectsOften no official dress code but strong
unofficial preference & effectivenessDress Seminars ? “One of the reasons the teachers are not paid
as professionals is that they don’t look like professionals” (Molloy as cited by Lang in Roach, 1997, p. 129)
Respect? Approachability?
Teacher Assistant Attire….
Negative Impact ? Positive Impact?
…Conclusion
“In light of study results, elevated TA attire levels create a positive, professional impression on students that is reflected in student attitudes toward the course, the instructor, the content, etc.” (Roach, 1997, p.137)
strange-lands.com
Using the Voice
Audibility
Variety
Conservation
Audibility Voice quality – projection – Volume
Variety Type of voice Type of
lesson
Conservation Care of voice – breathing – conserve
energy
Talking to students
Manner Empathy Rapport Teacher – Student Parent – ChildRough Tuning
It is the simplification of language which both parents and teachers make in order to increase their chances of being understood.
Adjust language use : Grammatical complexity, vocab use, Tone.
Kind of language; what they wish to say & Manner.
Giving Instructions
2 Rules:
Simple & logical
Check understanding
Mother tongue &
Translation
ilookchina.net
Student Talk Time (STT)(STT)Student Talk Time (STT)(STT) Teacher Talk Time (TTT)Teacher Talk Time (TTT)
Not enough ? Too much ?
Student Talk & Teacher Talk
TTQ Teacher Talking Quality
Student centered or Teacher centered ?
Using the L1
L1 L2
Giving complicated instructions Use L1 when other ways of
explaining meaning are ineffective
May aid in pronunciation Help make connections and see
differences between L1 & L2
L2 should predominate Use L1 only when other
ways of explaining meaning are ineffective
Progression from L1 to L2
Beginner level Advanced level
Creating lesson stages
Arouse student’s interest
Signal beginning of activity or lesson
Hold and/or regain students’ attention
Signal ending of activity or lesson
Different seating arrangements
Different seating arrangements indicate a number of different approaches.
More than just seating arrangement
“In classroom settings where students are required or elect to bring several items to class, for example, a backpack, jacket, and handbag, in addition to notebooks and textbooks, defining one’s own territory may become increasingly important as a means of comfortably engaging in active learning” (Burgess & Kaya, 2007, p. 872).
Different student groupings
Whole ClassPresenting material (lectures)Drills/practiceCreates sense of belonging
Less individual attentionInhibition because perceived as more demanding
Group/Pair workCooperative and interactiveIncreases independenceIncreases participationTeacher can work with a group while other groups work
CompatibilityDominant vs. subordinateMay encourage disruptiveness
PROS CONS
Different student groupings
PROS CONS
SoloStudents work at own paceGives students thinking timeAllows individuality
?
Class to ClassInteraction between othersMay encourage positive feelings and higher motivation
Can be time consuming
Discussion Questions
Harmer does not mention this in the chapter, but to what degree do you think culture (the teacher’s and the students’) plays a role in how the teacher manages the classroom?
How important is the teacher’s appearance? Clothes? Grooming? Hygiene?
References
2 homeless men [Cartoon]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2012 from, http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/s/ shabby.asp.
Burgess, B., & Kaya, N. (2007). Territoriality: Seat preferences in different types of classroom arrangements. Environment and Behavior, 39(6), 859-877. Retrieved January 27, 2012, from the Sage Publications database.
Can you help me, Mrs. Martin? [Cartoon]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2012 from, http://classroommanagement online.com.
Dress code [Cartoon]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2012 from, http://strange-lands.com/2010/07/dress-code-for-men- and-women-in-public-schools.html
References
Harmer, J. (2007). How to teach English. Essex, UK: LongmanMale holding a book [Clipart]. (2012) Retrieved January 31,
2012 from, http://www.graphicsfactory.com/ Clip_Art/ Education/teacher401_138795.html
Teaching before and after-edited [Cartoon]. (n.d.). Retrieved January 31, 2012 from, http://ilookchina.net/?
s=cartoon