Post on 18-Mar-2022
This document was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Creative Associates
International, USAID implementing partner under Should PS&R.
USAID Point of Contact: Andrew Lucas, COR, alucas@usaid.gov
Prime Partner: Creative Associates International
Activity Name: Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization, and Reconciliation
Contract No.: 720-688-18-C-00002
Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization, and Reconciliation
Implementation Period:
April 16, 2018 – April 30, 2023
Quarterly Report
October 1 – December 31, 2018
Contents
ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................................... 3
I. PROJECT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................... 4
II. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS .................................................................................................................... 5
III. IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES: ..................................................................................................... 8
IIIA. FOUNDATIONAL ACTIVITIES............................................................................................................... 8
IIIB. OBJECTIVE 1: RESILIENCE TO VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT REINFORCED .............................................. 11
IIIC. OBJECTIVE 2: PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT STRENGTHENED IN CONFLICT-AFFECTED COMMUNITIES 12
IIID. OBJECTIVE 3: EMPOWERING YOUNG PEOPLE AND STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE TO VIOLENT EXTREMISM 12
IIIE. OPERATIONS .................................................................................................................................... 13
IV. CONSTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES ..................................................................................................... 13
V. COORDINATION/PARTNERSHIP ....................................................................................................... 13
VI. NEXT QUARTER PLANS (FOR MORE DETAILS, SEE ANNEXES I AND II) ................................................ 14
List of Annexes:
1. Work plan narrative
2. Work plan chart (attached as a separate document)
3. Mapping of Early Warning monitors and tools in target communities
4. PDSEC status in PS&R communes
5. Classification of Communes
6. Maps of incidents per region
ACRONYMS
ACORD Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development
AMELP Activity Monitoring Evaluation and Learning Plan
AMSS Association Malienne pour la Survie au Sahel
CAF Conflict Assessment Framework
CBO Community-based organization
CC Community Coordinator
CEC Community Engagement Committee
COP Chief of Party
CPDHA Centre For the Promotion of Human Rights in Africa
CSO Civil Society Organization
CVE Countering Violent Extremism
DCOP Deputy Chief of Party
DDR Disarmament, Demobilization, and Reintegration
ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States
EU European Union
EWRS Early Warning and Response System
FDS Defense and Security Forces
FRAMe Fragility-Resilience Assessment Methodology
GOM Government of Mali
M&E Monitoring and Evaluation
MINUSMA United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali
NGO Non-Governmental Organization
OCHA United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs
P2P People-to-People
PDSEC Plan de Développement Social, Economique, et Culturel
PS&R Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization, and Reconciliation Project
RPM Regional Program Manager
SLI Sequencing, Layering, and Integrating
SNGP Sub-National Governance Project
UN United Nations
UNDP United Nations Development Program
USAID US Agency for International Development
ULSHB Universite des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Bamako
VEO Violent Extremist Organization
I. PROJECT OVERVIEW
The signing of Mali’s 2015 Peace Agreement presents a historic window of opportunity to bring stability to the long-marginalized
northern and central regions of the country, and set them on a pathway toward greater social, political, and economic inclusion.
For 50 years, these regions’ complex conflict drivers have been compounded by the weakness - and, often, the absence - of civil
administration institutions. This vacuum has resulted in the failure to provide security and public order, deliver basic services, and
create the conditions for economic prosperity. It has enabled the rise of powerful armed groups and violent extremist organizations
(VEOs), many of which thrive by controlling lucrative illicit value chains, including narcotics and arms trafficking.
Although the Government of Mali (GOM) is now incrementally re-introducing its administrative presence in many of these regions, the
persistent lack of security in many northern and central communities continues to inhibit - and, in many cases, prevent - the full
implementation of the 2015 Peace Accord, as well as impede the two regional development plans: the Projet de Stratégie Spécifique de
Développement Intégré du Nord du Mali and the Plan de Sécurisation Intégré pour les Région du Centre (PSIRC).
USAID’s Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization and Reconciliation (PS&R) project, is a five-year $20 million contract with a potential $5
million crisis modifier implemented by Creative Associates International, Inc. with local partners Association Malienne pour la Survie
au Sahel (AMSS), facilitating implementation in northern Mali, Think Peace, facilitating implementation in central Mali.
The purpose of this activity is to improve prospects for long-term peace, security, and reconciliation by building trust between conflict-
affected communities and their government, strengthening the ability of communities to mitigate and manage conflict, prioritize and
implement their community’s most pressing development needs, and empowering marginalized youth as change agents. The activities
will be implemented in 46 conflict-affected communes and communities in the northern and central regions of Mali: Segou, Mopti,
Tombouctou, Gao, Kidal Menaka and Taoudeni with linkages to regional and national policies for peace, reconciliation and
development. The goal is to see measurable improvement in the efficiency, effectiveness and capacities of the local communities to be
more resilient to conflict and violent extremism. Fostering stability in target regions is not only a desired end unto itself, but a necessary
pre-condition for the full and complete implementation of the peace deal and the regional development plans- which, in turn, will create
the conditions for more lasting, durable peace. PS&R activities are integrated by three objectives which support this broader project
goal:
Objective 1: Through inclusive P2P dialogue activities and the targeted application of technical training and support, project
communes and cercles will develop and pilot organic, community-led conflict early warning, conflict prevention, and violence-
reduction mechanisms.
Objective 2: Through an inclusive, community-led process, project communities will augment PDSECs to codify peacebuilding and
conflict-management mechanisms (including those piloted through Objective 1), and peace-consolidation activities will be formalized
and implemented.
Objective 3: Through targeted youth engagement activities and the creation of alternative livelihoods opportunities, the attraction and
influence of VEOs will be reduced in project communities.
II. Executive Summary
During this past quarter, the USAID/Mali Peacebuilding, Reconciliation and Stabilization project (PS&R) concluded the initial
community engagement sub-activities aimed at mobilizing and gaining support of targeted communities without exacerbating volatile
situations following the 2012 conflict. Specifically, PS&R delivered on the following key activities as planned:
Analysis of community engagement dynamics: PS&R completed the community engagement activities in the 441 target communes in
Timbuktu, Gao, Mopti, Ségou, Ménaka, Taoudénit and Kidal. Activities included continued initial contacts with local authorities,
identification of key actors/influencers, the mapping of CSOs/OCB, the administration of six key questions (two per objective) intended
to frame initial conversations, and initial analysis of community dynamics and information triangulation aimed at selecting members of
the Community Engagement Committees (CECs). using the information drawn from the identification key players and influencers.
Furthermore, PSR conducted its first Orientation Workshop and Training in Civic Education in Markala.
Field staff administered questions in the 44 communes, mapped out youth opportunities, and identified initial dynamics related to
conflicts and governance that will feed more detailed research in the next quarter. These findings will be triangulated/expanded through
ICAF/FRAME data collection and analysis
Orientation of strategic actors on the project and selection of priority villages/ fractions/ quartiers: PS&R conducted a pilot orientation
workshop coupled with civic engagement training and an overview of key national policies and strategies in the commune of Markala
for 53 people including 29 chefs de villages.
Selection of key actors and influencers for the project, orientation and action plan
PS&R identified key actors and influencers, who will act as the window to PS&R in each commune and help mobilize the communities
and the leaders on various issues of interest in the commune.
A summary of the community engagement process can be found below:
Community engagement update by region (31/12/2018)
Key actors &
influencers CSOs & CBOs Key questions (# of
Communes) Analysis Of Dynamics Orientation and
training of key players
In civic education and
stabilization policies
Segou/ Mopti 476 481 22/22 22/22 1
Timbuktu/ Taoudenit 316 146 7/7 7/7 0
Gao/Kidal & Menaka 1,205 998 10/15 15/15 0
Total 1,997 1,625 39/44 44/44 1/44
Assessment of the status of PDSEC: The Community Coordinator recorded the availability/collected a copy of the PDSECs in 35
communes and assessed if those were drafted in a participatory process;
Support communities in developing an EWRS: PSR mapped existing mechanisms and identified early warning monitors (Mercy
Corps, WANEP, AMSS, Think Peace) building on USAID past investments;
Training on CAF tool: PSR launched the procurement process for the development of training modules, training of trainers based on
Creative’s CVE-sensitized Conflict Assessment Framework (CAF) Tool. PS&R also contextualized ICAF questions to the Malian
context by reducing the number of indicators from 238 to 46 in order to tailor the assessment and improve understanding of the Malian
multifaceted and diverse conflicts and help design appropriate response.
Training on FRAMe: PSR conducted a Training of Trainers of program staff and conducted a test training of 10 youth participants
and one academic to enable the further step-down training of additional staff and potential enumerators that will facilitate FRAMe
focus groups in the targeted communes. Moreover, in collaboration with USAID, PS&R identified the University of Arts and Human
Science (ULSHB) to collect data using FRAMe in the target communes PS&R selected this University based on the institution’s
capacity to work with a critical mass of youth who reside/originate from the target communes and can generate responsiveness from
stakeholders in communities where the nature of the interview could be sensitive. This partnership is also an opportunity to connect
academics with practitioners.
Organize the launching of the project at the national level: On October 25, PS&R carried out a successful launching ceremony chaired
by the Minister of Territorial Administration/Decentralization and the US Deputy Chief of Mission, and the Minister of Social Cohesion,
Peace and National Reconciliation. The ceremony was well attended, including by representatives of nine ministries, the Governor of
Bamako, Embassies, UN senior officials, USAID staff and implementing partners, and civil society organizations. The launch provided
an opportunity to raise PS&R’s profile and share USAID’s contribution to community-level stabilization of Mali.
II. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS
Political
In the aftermath of the Presidential elections that saw the victory of incumbent Ibrahim Boubacar Keita in August 2018, the country
continues to suffer from the lack of political consensus characterized by the refusal of the opposition and, in particular, the main
opposition leader, Soumaila Cisse, to recognize the victory and therefore the legitimacy of the President. On October 6, his party URD
joined other opposition parties and associations, to form a new coalition, Front for the Salvation of Democracy (FSD).
1 PS&R target communes amount to 46. However, Salam and Taoudenit are not communes and therefore not covered for administrative reasons
On October 15, signatory groups of the accords renewed their commitment to the Peace agreement and adopted a pact for peace to
speed up its implementation. UN resolution 2423, “requested the Secretary-General to take appropriate steps to swiftly conclude a “Pact
for Peace” between the government of Mali and the UN. This pact is to be based on agreed benchmarks related to governance, the rule
of law, and implementation of the key provisions of the agreement, contribute to the stabilization of Mali and strengthen the coherence
of the international community's efforts in Mali, with the support of the MINUSMA”.
On October 16, the Constitutional Court approved the request by the National Assembly to postpone the legislative elections for a
renewable six-month period. This second postponement would presumably provide enough time to initiate institutional reforms
embedded in the Peace Agreement, possibly review the constitution which has been in the past controversial, appease current political
tensions and create conducive environment for credible legislative elections. Although this decision to extend the mandate of MPs to
June 2019 was welcome by some political actors and development partners, other analysts view as contravening the constitution.
During this period, a draft bill to redraw administrative boundaries triggered mixed reactions and drew criticisms in some part of
the country. The bill embedded in the Peace Agreement, aims to create additional 10 regions in addition to the existing 10 for a total of
20 regions as well as new cercles, which according to critics of the bill would favor nomadic communities by increasing the number of
seats in the National Assembly. The Government held regional consultations throughout the country except for the Gao region. In the
Gao region, the terms of reference were rejected by the signatory parties to the peace agreement, in particular, Arab communities and
self-defense groups. The Arabs are presumably not supportive of the delimitation which would shrink their territory while the self-
defense groups think they were not involved in the preparations of these consultations. In Timbuktu, this meeting saw the participation
of the leaders of the region and resulted in suggestions such as the creation of the regions of Goundam, Gourma Rharous and several
circles and communes. In Segou, participants suggested that the region be divided into two regions, i.e. Ségou and San. In Mopti,
participants propose that Bandiagara and Douentza be erected into regions. However, the circles of Bankass and Koro allegedly do not
want to be attached to the region of Bandiagara. According to some reports, the Koro circle was not represented by the real actors.
Finally, the political deadlock marked by repeated protests of the opposition parties, social unrest and strikes, notably of the magistrates,
which paralyzed raise concerns over the ability of the political elite to restore stability. The proposed division embedded in the peace
agreement continues to be controversial and may, if enforced, affect the implementation of PS&R. For instance, the communes of Anefif
previously in the Cercle of Kidal and Ber in the cercle of Timbuktu would become Cerles. In the new territorial delimitations, some
villages would become communes.
Security
More than three years after the 2015 signing of the Algiers Peace Agreement (Peace Agreement), the security situation continues to be
volatile security situation, Mali continues to face challenges in the areas of security and governance that are contextualize both in the
center and in the north. In addition to the groups labelled as ex rebels, it is important to highlight that the issues of violent extremism
have taken ethnic, community characteristics in such way that the ethnic groups within the communities against the background of
violent extremism clash. Pervasive insecurity in the center of the country and absence of state to provide security, have caused an
increase in intercommunal violence and increased influence of the militias such as the dozos (hunters) in the Mopti region of central
Mali, which is not covered under the peace agreement. PS&R is therefore taking a community-based approach that is conflict sensitive,
agile and adjustable to the evolving security context, including in communes where PS&R foundational activities are carried out.
PS&R’s approach includes postponement of implementation or working through secondary source in communes where project staff
unable to directly implement activities due to unpredictable security situation. While permanently removing these communes from the
project scope of work may allow violent extremist groups to thrive and disseminate their destructive ideologies, the operating conditions
require that PSR maintain some distance, but be ready to scale-up direct implementation in as soon as the security situation improves.
The security and socio-cultural characteristics of the Northern regions (Gao, Timbuktu, Taoudénit, Kidal, Ménaka) are dominated by
the presence of national and international armed forces (FAMA, Barkhane, MINUSMA), armed opposition groups (CMA, platform,
CME) and Jihadist Katiba (Ançardine, Al Qaeda, Al-Mourabitoune, AQIM all under the aegis of the JNIM and the Islamic State in the
Great Sahara).
During the October-December period, in Timbuktu and Taoudénni, overall 93 incidents were recorded. Criminal acts (robbery, theft,
burglary, assassinations,...) are predominant with 60 incidents (65%), followed by 13 incidents caused by radical groups (14%) and 12
incidents (13%), by government actions.
In Gao, overall 106 security incidents were recorded. This includes: 62 criminal incidents (58%), 15 actions by the Government and its
partners (14%), 13 incidents by extremist actors (12%), 11 incidents for other types like demonstrations, gatherings, and accidents,
(10%), and five incidents of actions by armed opposition groups. Gao had the most incidents among the regions due to a strong presence
of the defense and security forces (FAMA, MINUSMA, Barkhane) and armed opposition groups. At the same time, the region records
the highest criminal rate.
Kidal registered 66 incidents. Petty crimes account for 26 incidents (39%), followed by Government actions (launch and consultations
on DDR, exercises of foreign armed forces) with 21 incidents (32%), other types with 10 incidents (15%), and radical acts with nine
incidents (14%).
Of the 60 incidents that occurred in Ménaka, 32 incidents (53%) were related to petty crime, seven incidents (12%) to government
actions, 13 incidents (22%) to radical groups, and five incidents (9%) to armed groups (MSA).
From November 6-12 and in line with the peace agreement process, the Malian Government, under the chairmanship of the Minister of
Social Cohesion, Peace and National Reconciliation, in the presence of the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General of
the United Nations and the national commission in charge of Disarmament Demobilization and Reinsertion (CNDDR) launched the
Accelerated Disarmament, Demobilization, Reinsertion and Integration (A-DDR-I) program in Gao, Kidal and Timbuktu aimed at
integrating some 1,600 combatants from various armed groups into security forces. It is important to highlight that the DDR which is
intended to facilitate the disarmament of combatants has stalled and resulted in weak demobilization of ex-combatants. It is anticipated
that the Operational Coordination Mechanism (MOC) will provide security to the DDR process which will start with the cantonment of
armed groups combatants who are signatories to the peace agreement. On December 6, the operational base of the MINUSMA recorded
about 1423 fighters registered in the different MOC according to the following distribution:
CMA Platform Other groups Total
Timbuktu’s MOC 211 129 168 508
Kidal's MOC 200 200 0 400
Gao's MOC 162 180 173 515
Total 573 509 341 1423
PS&R will continue to engage the CNDDR in particular through support to youth programs and mainly alternatives to violence,
including vocational training and livelihood as well psycho-social support to facilitate their reintegration. PS&R is also working to
identify commune-specific impediments to reintegration and will be working with communes to prepare for the return of excombatants.
In the Centre, the security situation is worrisome and characterized by mainly communal conflicts between the Dogon hunters, Dozos
and Fulani, and attacks by radical groups (Macina Katiba of Amadou Kouffa). From October 1 to 31 December 2018, approximately
285 incidents were reported in the 22 PS&R target communes: armed inter-communal conflicts continue in The Circles of Bankass,
Koro, Grind, Ténenkou, Youwarou while banditry prevail on the roads and river routes. The Circle of Douentza recorded the largest
number of incidents with 24%, followed by Ténenkou, Koro and Mopti with respectively 18%, 16% and 14%.
This widespread insecurity situation in the Center caused the displacement of 45,217 people by the end of November. (Source: SDLSES-
Mopti) to the border with Burkina Faso but also in parts of Douentza towards Gossi (Timbuktu).
Moreover, floods due to the rise of the waters of the Niger River (Konna, Youwarou, Djenné), the collapse of over a hundred houses
and destruction of livelihoods, including cattle and several hectares of irrigated perimeters rice paddies which the main source of income
for these communities is, forcing these peaceful populations to request humanitarian assistance. In response, local authorities and the
communities in Youwarou for instance, established a crisis committee and sub-committees responsible for the assessment of the damage,
the registration of the victims, the awareness of the communities and mobilized resources at Community level for assistance to the
victims because some victims were accommodated by their neighbors. Local authorities also provided food and non-food items,
including three tons of millet and three tons of rice, 300 liters of oil, 75 kg of salt and 205 blankets and 100 nats, 3000 FCFA (to each
of108 households affected) of the city of Youwarou.
The death of the leader of the Macina Katiba Amadou Kouffa during a joint Malian defense Ministry and French-led Barkhane operation
on the night of 22 to 23 November 2018 in the Forest of Wagadou (Méma) is of concern over possible retaliatory actions primarily in
the central communities of the country.
The Segou Region recorded 50 incidents particularly in the circles of Niono (Sokolo, Diabaly), Macina (Monipébougou, Sana, Saloba),
Ségou, San and Bla, including robberies, arsons, murders, multiple attacks (Diabaly, Saloba, Tominian), IED Explosives (Matomo,
Sokolo). The two main insecurity areas remain Niono and Macina but also the circle of Ségou. These areas are affected by activities of
radical groups and petty crimes (abduction) while the circle of Macina is dominated by social conflicts especially at the level of border
of Ténenkou and Djenné. Security incidents related to violent extremist groups (attacks on military positions and hunters, kidnappings...)
amount to 22 (44%).
The security crisis dominated by the resurgence of social conflicts and the intensification of jihadist attacks adversely impact the areas
of Koro, Douentza, the circle of Mopti, Ténenkou, Youwarou, Macina, de Niono which remain difficult to access. Thus, PS&R strategy
is based on close involvement of beneficiaries, local actors and civil society to ensure ownership and acceptance of the project by target
communities. This approach allows to minimize the security risks and yield the best results. As PS&R operates in areas that go through
periods of instability, it intends to adjust implementation approaches such as working through secondary sources and relais (as is the
case currently for Dioungani), bringing target groups to different locations if cost-effective and or postpone some activities until the
security situation and/or travel conditions allow the implementation.
Maps of key security incidents per region can be found in annex VI
The security situation in the Centre is corroborated by FIDH's latest report2 and its revealing title "in the center of Mali, the people are
trapped in terrorism and counterterrorism".
Since the beginning of the year 2018, the region – perhaps the most strategic and multi-ethnic of Mali – experience armed conflicts led
by the jihadists of Amadou Diallo Kouffa, the community militias and the security forces. Populations are the main targets and the first
victims of multiple armed actors fighting in these territories. This hidden conflict in the inaccessible areas of the Niger River Delta takes
place behind closed doors, sheltered from the views of national and international opinion. Moreover, the region of Mali voted the least
in the presidential election of 2018. Also, a joint press release FIDH and its partner AMDH on 21 November 2018 at the Bamako Press
House led to the recommendation that “the escalation of violence in central Mali is about to become out of control and will not be
resolved through spectacular military operations. Without the return of a strong and just state, which will re-establish the relationship
among all the communities, the Jihadist terror and clashes between communities will continue to thrive. According to the report, the
populations in the Central regions suffer from abuses by the jihadists, armed bandits and government armed forces. Finally, the document
highlights gender-based violence in the Central region, including in some PS&R target communes.
Classification of Communes
PS&R noted the changes below in the classification (in conflict; buffer and resilient) of the following 10 communes (9 in the Center and
1 in the North) based on the nine (9) program indicators: Bankass, Douentza, Koro, Konna, Ténenkou, Youwarou, Macina, Diabaly,
Niono and Ansongo.
Region Circle Commune Score 02/10/18
Status (02/10/18)
Score 31/12/18
Status 31/12/18
Reasons for Change in classification (1-9: conflict; 10-18: Buffer; 19-27: Resilient)
Mopti Bankass Bankass 20 Resilient 17
Buffer Open and violent conflicts; Defective and/or non-functional mechanisms, And Intermittent delivery of services to the citizens (education)
Mopti Douentza Douentza 9
Conflict 18
Buffer Open but nonviolent conflict; Timely and reactive mechanisms; Threat of armed groups; Uninterrupted/continued state presence; Intermittent delivery of services to the citizens (education); Occasional holding of communication and
2 FIDH report, Central Mali: Populations caught between terrorism and anti-terrorism, November 2018
coordination meetings; Punctual presence of radical actors; Sporadic visit by violent armed groups.
Mopti Koro Koro 18
Buffer 20
Resilient Development of positive dynamics; resistance of youth to terrorist groups; Development of job creation initiatives
Mopti Mopti Konna 19
Resilient 17
Buffer Defective and/or nonfunctional mechanisms; Occasional holding of communication and coordination meetings
Mopti Ténenkou Ténenkou 9
Conflict 11
Buffer Intermittent presence of state and Intermittent delivery of services to the citizens (infrastructures, education, civil status)
Mopti Youwarou Youwarou 9
Conflict 12
Buffer Threat of armed groups; Intermittent presence of state; Intermittent delivery of services to the citizens (infrastructures, education, civil status)
Ségou Macina Macina 9
Conflict 16
Buffer
Timely and reactive mechanisms, Intermittent presence of state; Intermittent delivery of services to the citizens (education); Occasional holding of communication and coordination meetings; Punctual presence of radical actors, Radicalization of youth; Sporadic visit by violent armed groups
Ségou Niono Diabaly 9
Conflict 10
Buffer Intermittent presence of state
Ségou Niono Niono 9
Conflict 22
Resilient
Open but nonviolent conflict; Functional and proactive mechanisms; Threat of armed groups; Uninterrupted/continued state presence; Permanent/uninterrupted delivery of services; Regular communication and coordination meetings; Punctual presence of radical actors; Radicalization of youth; Sporadic visit by violent armed groups.
Gao Ansongo Ansongo 9
Conflict 18
Buffer
Open but nonviolent conflict; Timely and reactive mechanisms; Threat of armed groups; Intermittent presence of state; Occasional holding of communication and coordination meetings; Punctual presence of radical actors; Radicalization of youth; Sporadic visit by violent armed groups.
The detailed classification of the 44 communes based on the nine (9) program indicators can be found in annex V
III. IMPLEMENTATION OF ACTIVITIES:
IIIA. FOUNDATIONAL ACTIVITIES
Planned activity F 1: Initial Community Engagement
By the end of the quarter, PS&R had concluded key sub-activities under this critical foundational activity, which established productive
partnerships that mobilize key actors and formalize their aspirations towards stability. Respondents were given the opportunity to voice
those aspirations by identifying three key peacebuilding priorities. Those priorities include: the return of the administration, the creation
of job opportunities for young people and the establishment of income and job generating investments. This activity also paved the way
for and aims to form a solid foundation towards the implementation of PS&R activities while building on USAID past achievements
and existing projects, in line with Sequencing, Layering and Integration approach. These community engagement activities enabled the
capacity building/strengthening of the key actors/influencers and their involvement in the implementation of peace, inclusive governance
and social cohesion in their communities. The establishment of the Community Engagement Committees brought together actors and
organizations and provided alternative structure that can be used for community involvement in peacebuilding. In the goal of reaching
out to as many youth and community leaders as possible, PS&R trained 10 young people and identified youth groups as
enumerators/animators for FRAMe working through the University and used the Markala platform to train 29 villages on civic education.
F.1.1. Initial Contacts
PS&R established initial engagement with the authorities of the communes of Ténenkou and Youwarou, where pervasive insecurity and
deep community divisions has made access very difficult. The Circle of Ténenkou, for example, is split between the army and the
jihadists, the army controls the city of Ténenkou, the surrounding villages are under the influence of extremist groups. According to
local authorities, PS&R is a timely project and welcome in the communes of Youwarou and Ténenkou, adding that "without peace,
there is no development. They express their availability to support the project for the return of peace in Mali, especially the circles of
the flooded areas.
F.1.2. Identification of key actors/influencers
PS&R identified 476 key actors/influencers in the 22 communes of the regions of Ségou and Mopti. These AC/PI have been identified
through focus groups, individual interviews (semi-structured interviews) and in some areas through a special session of the Communal
Council (Ouonkoro). Among the actors and the people identified, there are some who are both leaders and notables and others neither
leader nor notables but very influential. Key players and influencers live in the communes and possess diverse experiences in the
peaceful management of conflicts, leadership and civic actions.
In the seven target communes of the regions of Timbuktu and Taoudénit, a total of 316 key actors and influencers have been identified,
including some who are both key actors and influencers. Those have been identified through focus groups, individual interviews (heads
of Villages/districts/fractions, mayors/deputy Mayor/SG at the municipal level) and possess experiences in areas such as community
involvement, conflict management and leadership.
In the fifteen communes of Gao/Kidal and Ménaka, PS&R identified 1,205 key actors and influencers, including heads of
villages/districts and fractions, managers of organizations created during the occupation of the area (Civil Resistance organizations),
communal councillors, religious leaders, leaders of grassroots community organizations, modern and traditional communicators and
leaders of civil society. Some reside in the communities and others outside the communes.
F.1.2. Mapping of CSOs/CBOs
In Segou and Mopti, PS&R identified a total of 481 OSC/OCB, community peace-building entities, 146 OSC/OCB in the regions of
Timbuktu and Taoudénit and 998 in the regions of Gao/Ménaka and Kidal, with considerable support of local town councils and
authorities, resource persons and using registries. These CSOs conduct activities pertaining to social cohesion, consolidation of peace,
income-generating activities, advocacy for the promotion of human rights and women’s empowerment. They also include
representations or ramifications of some umbrella CSOs/CBOs such as CAFO, CNJ, JCI, RECOTRADE.
In areas such as Essouk, Anefif, Alata, Andéramboukane And Tarkint where access is difficult and telephone network coverage is
lacking, the PS&R community coordinators (CCs) conducted the activities in the Chefs-lieux of the communes with the mayors and
Secretaires Generaux often in a town hall meeting or in villages and fractions (cases of Soni Ali Ber, Bourem) where the CC moved
from village to village or in the fractions. Moreover, CCs collected primary information in the communes before meeting with the
leaders of the umbrella organizations.
Some organizations that intervene in a conflict management and serve as umbrella organizations are not registered in communes or sub-
prefectures but are organizations of national or regional scope (the High Islamic Council, the Association of Koranic masters, the CAFO,
the RECOTRADE). Others were created or strengthened during the crisis and serve as intermediaries and/or gather a great number of
community structures. The cadre de consultation is an example of the later, which at the time of the occupation played the role of the
administration and platform of youth organizations involved in civil resistance.
In Gao/Menaka and Kidal, mapping include not only CSO and CBOs leaders that have officially registered, but also professional and
civic associations generating a wide range of community actors who can play an important role during the implementation of the project.
This explains the high number of structures mapped in those regions.
F.1.3. Administration of key questions and understanding of key issues related to the project objectives
Under objective 1, the following questions were administered during the community engagement process: i) What are the threats
of conflict in your community, ii) What are the conflict prevention and management mechanisms in your community?
In the Center Regions, the administration of key questions highlighted the following threats: threats from radical groups, conflicts
between herders and farmers and conflict of leadership with different causes by location. Latent conflicts exist in Fulani/Dogon
community over management of the grazing areas also serving as agricultural space.
Existing conflict prevention and management mechanisms include the mediation by village leaders and their Council with the support
of religious leaders and griots. In the Mopti region, particular attention is paid to the issue of the management of pastoral and fluvial
resources, which is a proximate cause of the following community radicalization issues.
o First is the Bourgou land managed by the Djoros (landowners in the central delta of Niger) through a social mechanism for
generations, which has shown its limitations over time. This management mechanism favors some social strata over others yet living
in the same communities.
o Second is the Batigui (river owner) opaque management of the river space where some people and/or groups claim to own certain
parts of the river and make it a law. These mechanisms set the conditions of use of these wetlands, without clear criteria. This created
frustration among some community members who will not hesitate to assert and claim their rights.
In the regions of Timbuktu and Taoudénit, main conflict threats relate to shared resources (wells, river banks, etc.); radical groups,
communal conflicts between farmers and herders and the management of basic social infrastructures. The two regions share one main
conflict prevention and resolution mechanism: Religious leaders who, with additional resource people mediate conflicts.
In the regions of Gao/Ménaka and Kidal, conflicts are land-based between pastoralists and farmers, resource-based between
communities.
Prevention and management mechanisms include mediations by religious leaders and conflict management committees.
Under objective 2, the following questions were administered during the community engagement process: i) Is there a PDSEC in
your municipality? ii) Have you been involved in the development of the PDSEC? Iii) What services does the Government provide in your
community?
In the center, except for Dioungani, Dinangourou and Matomo, 19 communes have drafted their current five-year development plan
using a participatory approach. The validity period of these documents spans from 2016 to 2022.
Communes also benefit from public services (Public Administration, Basic Education, Security and Justice in some locations, Basic
Social Services) except in the communes of Dioungani, Dinangourou and Togué-Mourari,
In Tombouctou/Taoudénit, PS&R noted the validity and availability of the PDSEC in all seven target communes.
In Gao, Ménaka and Kidal, PS&R recorded the availability of 10 PDSEC out of 15 (excluding the PDESCs of Kidal and Alata)
An update of the PDSEC can be found in annex IV
Under objective 3, the following questions were administered during the community engagement process: i) In your community,
what are some of the reasons why young people are radicalized and/or join armed groups? ii) What solutions could help prevent and fight
radicalization and violent extremism?
In the Centre, the main push factors for youth’s radicalization include poverty, unemployment, lack of supervision of children
abandoned by parents (talibes), injustice, the search for easy gain, poor understanding of religion and poor education.
Conditions reflect the insecurity that plagued the area and the motorcycle ban, which is a means of subsistence for the population in
general and in particular for young people. The ban was issued by the Government following a series of attacks by motorbike-riding
extremists on remote villages. Households have almost nothing to eat which will make youth vulnerable and push them to use every
possible means to support their families.
To eradicate the phenomenon, respondents advocate for a genuine political will and associated action to deal with issues as violent
extremism made its bed on/thrive on unresolved grievances. The crisis has further compounded existing social problems, which has
worsened the context. Proposed activities by the respondents in the Center to address youth issues include:
- Job creation through professional centers to reduce poverty,
- Literacy and the Awareness to improve understanding of religion,
- Eradicate Impunity;
- Revision of the Educational System
- Revamping of tourism for the young guides of the Dogon country.
- Strengthening security
- Improving the access to justice
- The establishment of dialogue frameworks with grassroots community leaders with the involvement of women and youth in
decision-making processes;
- Awareness of the administrative authorities on the respect of the customs in the areas of assignment In Timbuktu and Taoudénit, participants indicated that the main reasons that young people join violet extremist groups: lack of
employment, poverty, injustice, the search for easy gain. Mitigating measures by respondents include: job creation to combat poverty,
literacy, awareness for a better understanding of religion and end impunity.
In Gao/Ménaka and Kidal, respondents opined that the lack of employment, poverty are believed to be the reasons why young people
are radicalizing. The actors interviewed believe that job creation, vocational training and the accompaniment/insertion of young people
are solutions that can prevent the radicalization of young people.
F.1.4. Analysis of Local Dynamics and Selection of the Community Engagement Committee
Using the information drawn from the identification key players and influencers, the mapping of CSOs/CBOs, PS&R carried out an
analysis to identify potential actors who are likely to be part of the community engagement committee who will serve as the project’s
interface with the communities in the targeted communes.
During this process the involvement of the local authorities was a major contribution. The establishment of the Community Engagement
Committee (CEC) will allow the project to lay the groundwork for a dynamic collaboration between the project technical team, the
political and administrative authorities and the community leaders and key actors. Their participation was a decisive element in the
ownership of the project's approach and will reflect a unanimous agreement. The CEC is introduced during the community orientation
activity, which brings together municipal authorities, chiefs of villages/fractions/neighborhoods, representatives of technical services of
the government, civil society organizations, religious leaders, security and defense forces, key influencers and actors.
Criteria for members of the CEC include: 1) Representativeness/legitimacy; 2) the ability to mobilize; 3) Experiences in peace
consolidation; 4) The degree of participation in the activities of the communes.
F.1.5. Orientation and civic education training workshop of key actors
From December 5 through to December 6, PS&R organized its first key actors' orientation workshop and civic education training. The
meeting brought together the sous-prefect, the municipal authorities (Mayor elect and Secretary-General), the 29 Chefs de villages
and/or their representatives of the commune, 2 chefs de quartiers du chef-lieu of the commune, representatives of technical services
(agriculture, Social development, the Office of Niger) civil society organizations (CAFO, communal Youth Council, RECOTRADE),
religious leaders (Muslims and Christians), gendarmerie for a total number of 53 participants including eight women and nine young
people.
The Creative Governance Director based in Washington, the COP, AMSS program Director DCOP, DCP, Objective leads 1 and 3, RRP
of Segou/Mopti and the Community Coordinators of Segou were also in attendance.
This workshop was a flagship activity of the initial community engagement which mobilized key actors and influencers identified
throughout the community engagement process. It also served as an official launch of the activities at the communal level and as a
forum to train and inform community leaders/members on civic education and main Government stabilization policies/strategies.
At the end of first day, participants were familiar with the objectives of the project and activities carried out under the initial community
engagement process, followed by a session on the collection of existing early warning systems in the commune.
On the second day, the Promotion of human rights and development in Africa (CPDHA), a local NGO that has past experience working
with USAID/CEP delivered a training on civic engagement and an overview of Mali’s four key stabilization policies (Peace Agreement,
strategies for the North and Center and the policy to prevent/fight violent extremism and terrorism).
The lessons learned/recommendations from this workshop included the following:
- Complete selection of members of the Community Engagement Committees Members of this committee would assist the
Community Coordinators in the organization of the orientation workshops;
- Append a checklist of the community orientation workshop organization
- Review the instructions and the questions related to early warning system data collection to contextualize the conflict assessment
tool
- Finalize a participant's booklet using easy French language and images that the CC will later distribute to the participants
Given the sensitivity of the program and the need to ensure local ownership, the lessons learned, and recommendations of this test
workshop will help design and conduct the workshop in the remaining 43 communes.
FRAMe Analysis
The Fragility, Resilience Assessment Methodology (FRAMe®) is a Creative’s proprietary governance assessment tool that assesses the
degree of fragility of governance systems and simultaneously identifies strengths or needs for capacity building. Ultimately, data
collected using FRAMe® would be used to increase the resilience of the governance system. The tool is based on an implementation
methodology that requires a good understanding and mastery in order to be able to use it effectively, hence the planned activity in
FRAMe® training.
Training of trainers in FRAMe
From November 13-16, Creative HQ fielded two master trainers to conduct a training of trainers on FRAMe. Training participants
included ten PS&R staff: the COP, the DCP, the two technical leads, the Regional Program Managers, the Grant Manager and the two
Community Coordinators of the Segou region. The main objective was to equip PS&R program staff with the required theoretical
understanding of key concepts related to fragility and resilience of governance systems as well as the technical skills to implement
FRAMe® assessments for PS&R, including serving as trainers themselves, or discussion group moderators and enumerators.
Specifically, the model allowed participants to analyze resilience through looking at various dimensions and factors and capturing
differences in perceptions between different identity groups. At the end of the training, PS&R staff understood the importance of
mastering the tool in order to minimize the risks of doing harm and increase the opportunities of lasting peace, and identified the
parameters and plans for the implementation of the first wave of FRAMe® for PS&R.
A pilot training was subsequently, organized from 21-22 November 2018 and gathered ten young people drawn from the Council
National des Jeunes and the Jeunes Chambre Internationale from the target communes of Ségou and Pelengana as well as a professor
from the University of Ségou. The training moderated by trained PS&R staff strengthened youth’s leadership capacity in PS&R target
communities. At the end of the training, participants underlined the relevance of the FRAMe® tool as an innovative tool for analyzing
the governance system at the local level.
Next steps include the training of the community coordinators who will in turn train the facilitators and the enumerators for the data
collection. PS&R will also negotiate a service agreement with the University of Bamako to capitalize on the importance of youth, who
is expected to be recruited from each commune targeted by PS&R and to ensure sustained Malian work with this research.
IIIB. OBJECTIVE 1: RESILIENCE TO VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT REINFORCED
INTRODUCTION
Violence is increasingly becoming an element of the daily lives of the populations of PS&R targeted communes as evidenced by the
number of security incidents. This situation sometimes limits the movement of the PS&R staff on the ground and therefore delays the
activities in some areas. For example, to access Ténenkou (Mopti region), The CC travelled by night time on pinasse, spending
sometimes 15 hours on water for 170 km, coupled with the availability of this means of transportation only once a week.
Moreover, a complex aspect of community conflicts particularly in the center is the ethnic trajectory in that coexistence becomes a real
challenge for greater stability, and therefore peace and security. Traditional conflict management systems exist but are sometimes broken
or prove to be ineffective, hence the formation of alternative mechanisms within these same societies (conflict management committees,
self-defense groups etc). Thus, as the communities have no choice but to get used to a permanent tense environment, they tend to
simultaneously develop coping mechanisms, however unstructured or informal. PS&R intends to leverage and build on these existing
mechanisms if they are inclusive and accepted by the community and in so doing, will enhance their capacity through training.
Result 1.1. : Communities develop and implement early warning and response systems
In line with the sequencing plan, overlay and integration, PS&R mapped the following existing early warning and response systems in
order to capitalize on past USAID Investments and/or strengthen complementarity/synergies:
Activity 1.1.1. Early warning and response systems:
The system implemented by Mercy Corps is based on the conflict management committees set up by the NGO Tassaght Gao and the
Protection Committees by UNHCR in Timbuktu. Mercy Corps has selected 60 monitors that have been trained and equipped with
telephone. Three Monitors per commune fluent in local languages, transmit by SMS all the incidents to conflict resolution committees
which attest to their relevance. Thus, validated by the Resolutions Committees, the incidents are recorded and forwarded to Mercy Corps
which records them in its data base. The Resolution Committee of the communes which refers to the regional committee and the response
actors (Governorate, Minusma.) to the national level is tasked with responding to the tension/conflict. According to Mercy Corps’ final
report, about 271 conflicts were resolved by community leaders
The alert system used by AMSS involves the actors at the grassroots that are the community monitors that are placed at the level of the
villages. They serve as relays and trace all the information related to human security incidents. To do this, they benefit from training
sessions or capacity-building necessary for the work of reporting. The fact sheets are subsequently forwarded to the project officers
who inform a database which are compiled by UNHCR that share information within the protection cluster where the members provide
solutions.
The WANEP system has two components of early warning systems, namely the ECOWARN system (regional and linked to ECOWAS)
and another one exclusively WANEP labeled NEWS. The ECOWAS system is moderated by 5 monitors and reported by WANEP. The
WANEP system is facilitated by some sixty community monitors in close collaboration with the security services (police, gendarmerie,
civil protection) and a regional focal point. Information is provided through WHATSAPP. Concerted frameworks are organized at the
level of each circle on the basis of the incidents collected and in order to provide answers. The members of the consultation frameworks
are the elected officials, the prefects or the governor who meet monthly.
Finally, Think Peace monitors and collects data on security issues, elections and violent extremism. The information is then transferred,
centralized, screened and validated through an online platform. This base is called Mechanism for Analysis of Integrated Information
(MAIN in French)
This mapping allowed PS&R to confirm that systems exist but are working on general (ECOWARN) or specific issues (MAIN) using
different methodology and indicators to collect and share the information; to identify potential partners. The mapping also highlighted
the need to connect the different systems with one another to build evidence-based data on peacebuilding issues, assist the Malian
communities and government develop appropriate responses at local, regional and national levels.
The summary is recorded in the table in annex III to the report.
Result 1.2: Communities develop non-violent mechanisms of mitigation and conflict management to resolve disputes and grievances, protect human rights and strengthen social cohesion
Under the PS&R, conflict analysis will be carried out using the ICAF tool. To this end, PS&R held meetings with potential partners who
would be tasked with conducting ICAF training and research for a better analysis of conflicts in PS&R targeted communes. PS&R found
that the WANEP conflict analysis model and proven experience can be adjusted to collect ICAF data. Terms of reference as well as the
questions ICAF have been contextualized with a view to start the conflict analysis. At the end of the process, WANEP is expected to
produce by locality a comprehensive analysis of the conflicts that will serve as input to the facilitation of the course of the other activities.
IIIC. OBJECTIVE 2: PARTICIPATORY GOVERNANCE AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT STRENGTHENED IN CONFLICT-AFFECTED COMMUNITIES
INTRODUCTION
Participatory/inclusive governance and civic engagement of communities will be central to the success of the project in light of the depth
of the Malian crisis and the division in the Malian societies. The failed governance systems are at the core of a trust deficit between the
citizen and the state. Moreover, the issue is not so much the efficiency of institutions and/or availability of policies, but rather reflects
the slow implementation of the policies by the Government, but also the limited initiatives from communities to build the state. The
governance crisis in Mali is compounded by a capacity crisis that has caused the disenchantment of communities, hence a weak civic
engagement and participation that will bridge the growing gap between the actors in the system.
Narrowing this gap requires the mobilization of all the stakeholders to positively influence the governance practices in order to restore
confidence and bring the communities out of their retreat.
Result 2.1.: Strengthening the participation and inclusion of communities in the process of developing, validating and revising
PDSEC
PS&R triangulated the information provided by the DGCT and recorded the validity/availability of 35 PDSEC (19 for Segou/Mopti; six
in Timbuktu and Taoudenit and ten in the regions of Gao and Ménaka). Additionally, key stakeholders such as traditional leaders, youth
and women groups confirmed their participation in the process. PS&R will subsequently review priorities in the existing PDSECs
against the three PS&R objectives and activities in order to identify the appropriate response and action, including working with SNGP
and/or other actors to support the drafting of the PDSEC.
Result 2.3: Citizens and representatives of GOM are educated and strengthened in their respective responsibilities, rights and
duties
On December 6, PS&R trained 53 community actors including 26 village leaders /quartiers and/or their Representatives of the Commune
of Markala on civil education and key government stabilization policies/strategies, including the Peace Accord, the strategies for the
Northern and Central part of the country and the national policy of combating terrorism and violent extremism.
On December 18, PS&R partnered with the United States Agency for International Development’s (USAID’s) Reacting to Early
Warning and Response Data in West Africa (REWARD) implanted by Creative to conduct a Roundtable on Lessons Learned from
Electoral Violence Prevention in Mali. The purpose was to support Malian electoral stakeholders in strengthening their electoral early
warning and response systems, and to improve the ability of national and local stakeholders to respond to electoral violence. The
Roundtable brought together 29 participants, including key electoral stakeholders of the Malian government, local, national and
international NGOs, USAID REWARD grantees for peaceful elections, the media, women and youth groups. The roundtable provided
the opportunities to share success, challenges and recommendations based on knowledge about their active roles in contributing to
violence-free campaigns supporting the Mali 2018 Presidential elections. PS&R intends to use the outcome of this round table as it
supports communities in developing their early warning indicators, including during election period.
Activity 2.3.2. Provide grants to local NGOs to conduct civic education sessions in the community.
PS&R awarded its first grant to the Centre for the Promotion of Human Rights in Africa (CPDHA), to organize the Orientation and civic
education training of key actors of Markala. During the training, participants were asked to frame their roles as citizenship, roles and
responsibilities during a group exercise.
IIID. OBJECTIVE 3: EMPOWERING YOUNG PEOPLE AND STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE TO VIOLENT EXTREMISM
The fragility of the Malian context, in particular in targeted PS&R communes, is dominated by the inability of the State to maintain a
stable and effective presence, causing the departure and/or alienation of the youth who are faced with the lack of prospects and attracted
to radical narratives. Violence becomes an opportunity and easy gain. The development of youth leadership through training and building
capacity becomes therefore essential.
Result 3.1 Strengthening community capacity to support youth leadership and empowerment
Activity 3.1.1. Training of a group of young coaches
Youth training on a tool to asses and monitor resilience of their communities
Youth have been targeted to benefit from the FRAMe as part of the development of their leadership to master the tools of analysis and
development planning. Thus, 10 youth and were trained and decided to create a WhatsApp page called the "animators of FRAMe” that
will serve as a platform/forum for reflection on civic engagement. Moreover, PS&R through the services of the ULSHB will use youth
preferably from the 44 target communes to collect and analyze FRAMe data.
Youth training on stabilization policies including violent extremism
Training during the orientation workshop from 5 to 6 December in Markala served as a framework for training the strategic actors of
the commune on public policies for stabilization, including the national policy to combat terrorism and violent extremism. Among the
53 strategic actors, ten were young people.
IIIE. OPERATIONS
Governance and Community Resilience Practice Area Director, Ms. Deborah Kimble traveled to Bamako to assist develop a program
surge plan and capacity assistance. Creative also deployed a Senior Contracts and Grant Associate to train Think Peace and AMSS on
contractual requirements of their respective subcontracts. PS&R is seeking assistance on the wage issues to better retain its staff.
During this quarter, the project completed the recruitment the following staff: 1 Program Security Manager, 1 Grants Manager, 1
Monitoring and Evaluation Manager, 1 Regional Program Manager (Gao), 1 Lead Objective 3, 1 Community Coordinator, 1
Procurement Officer, 1 Finance Assistant and 2 Drivers.
The project also recorded three staff transitions, including the Monitoring and Evaluation Manager (only after a month of service), the
Lead Objective 3, the Regional Program Manager of Timbuktu and one Community Coordinator of the Centre Region for personal
reasons. The Objective 3 Lead and Community Coordinator were replaced while the project has identified candidates to replace the
Monitoring & Evaluation Manager and the Regional Program Manager for Timbuktu. The project has also identified candidates to fill
the positions of procurement and logistics assistants for the offices of Mopti, Gao and Timbuktu. The Objective 2 Lead has been away
from post for health reasons. A consultant has been identified to temporarily replace him.
From an operational perspective, PS&R improved its communication capacity by installing a high-speed Internet connection and the
wiring of the computer and telephone network of the Bamako office. Segou staff also moved into the permanent office on December
27. Finally, PS&R has developed a personnel handbook that will be submitted to the Labor Office.
On November 6, Directors of the PS&R consortium met to review project progress and jointly identify measures to address operational
and programmatic challenges. The discussions included program organizational chart, lines of communication and grants.
IV. CONSTRAINTS AND CHALLENGES
The volatile security situation remains the key challenge in the targeted PS&R communes. These security challenges are characterized
by a rise in violent extremism linked to the presence of terrorist groups and other criminal groupings and associations in the Centre. In
the north the delays in Peace Agreement Implementation triggers frustrations which in turn leads to continued security incidents. To
address these security challenges, PS&R works closely with communities, sharing information on the project and involving the
communities in all its activities. This approach, in addition to using staff from the communities develops and increases acceptance of
the project which is the cornerstone of the project security management.
The draft bill to redraw administrative boundaries being going through consultation will have an impact on the intervention communes
of the project. The bill embedded in the Peace Agreement, aims to create additional 10 regions in addition to existing 10 for a total of
20 regions as well as new cercles. Some of our current intervention cercles may become regions, communes may become cercles and
some villages may become communes. For instance, the communes of Anefif previously in the Cercle of Kidal and Ber in the cercle of
Timbuktu would become cercles. In the new territorial delimitations, some villages would become communes. The project may have
to redefine its intervention areas.
V. COORDINATION/PARTNERSHIP
On October 5, 2018 PSR met with Viamo, a Canadian mobile company to discuss on how best to use its platform to collect real-time
conflict early warning information and indicators of violent extremism/radicalism; feedback from the communities on/how PDSEC is
delivered and hold Government accountable. It is important to highlight that Viamo possesses experience working in the DG areas and
the language capacity to disseminate messages in local languages.
On October 5, PS&R participated in a meeting on the implementation of the National policy on preventing violent extremism and
terrorism organized by the Ministry of religious Affairs. The Minister of Religious Affairs highlighted the lack of communication
between the Coordinating Ministry and the various Government departments dealing with Violent Extremism (Defense, Justice, MATD,
Foreign Affairs…). PS&R will follow up particularly with the action plan and consider areas that could be support.
On October 18, PS&R attended a meeting organized by the Commission de Rehabiltation des Zones Post Conflits (CRZPC). The focus
of the meeting was to discuss the situation in the Region of Menaka, with the Chef de Cabinet of the Governor and the President of the
Autorite Interimaire of Ménaka in attendance. The meeting provided PS&R with the opportunity to introduce the project to the highest
regional authorities of Ménaka where the program covers 3 communes (Andéramboukane, Alata, and Ménaka)
On October 18, PS&R met with the Minister of Security and Civil Protection. The Minister commended USAID for working at local
level (communes) and in support of the implementation of the PSIRC.
On October 18, PS&R also met with the EU technical assistant to the Ministry of Social Cohesion, Peace and National Reconciliation
and staff of the MINUSMA civil affairs office to discuss coordination mechanisms in support of this Ministry. The group recommended
that the appointment of a new Minister, former Director of Cabinet of the Prime Minister and the expansion of the Ministry to include
Peace are a window of opportunity to advocate for the establishment of government-led structure that would coordinate national and
international support to ensure greater impact and maximize use of scarce resources. According to local sources, the Ministry presumably
receives 0,13% of the Government overall budget (loi de finances) for 2018, whereas Defense and Security receives 14%. USAID has
since met with the Minister of Social Cohesion, Peace, and National Reconciliation to discuss how best to formalize such forum.
On October 26, PS&R met with the Minister of Women’s affairs, children and family, who welcomed this project that would empower
women to play an important role in prevention and response to conflicts and violent extremism. PS&R underlined that gender issues
are mainstreamed throughout the three objectives through support to Mali 1325 action plan; enhancing women’s participating in the
drafting of the PDESC and building women’s capacity to fight the growth of violent extremism.
On November 6, PS&R attended a meeting with the National Early Warning and response Center and the USAID PDG Office. The
National center presented their progress and perspectives. PS&R agreed to meet with the Center and agree on the lines of collaboration
and support.
On November 29, PS&R attended the monthly meeting that gathered NGOs/actors working in peacebuilding (WANEP, IMRAP, Search
for Common Ground, Mercy Corps, International Alert, Danish Demining Group). The meeting provided the opportunity to explore
possible synergies with other NGOs working in peacebuilding, discuss the draft terms of reference of the group and attend a presentation
on the Vulnerability and Resilience to violent extremism study conducted by International Alert.
On November 28, PS&R participated in the USAID communication specialist’s quarterly meeting. Objectives included how to prepare
a USAID event and the do’s and don’ts on social medias.
From 24-26 October, PS&R participated in the multi-stakeholder forum in the Ségou region on the implementation of its PSIRC. This
meeting under the aegis of the Ministry of Security and Civil protection was jointly organized by the Governorate of the Ségou region
and the Regional Council with the support of the stabilization Action of The European Union of Mopti and Ségou.
VI. NEXT QUARTER PLANS (FOR MORE DETAILS, SEE ANNEXES I AND II)
Contextual changes are likely to take place given the instability in the areas where PS&R is working. The project will therefore continue
to rely heavily on local stakeholders through the Community Engagement Committees to understand local conflicts and develop
appropriate responses, including peace dialogues. Under Objective 1, PS&R will support community resilience to conflict through early
warning monitors who have already been trained under the USAID funded Mercy Corps peacebuilding project. At the same time, PSR
will start building the capacity of the Center for National Early Warning to serve as a Coordination platform for all early warning and
response systems in the country.
Under objective 2, PSR will complete and share the understanding of the governance context through FRAMe analysis in the communes
of intervention. The fragility-resilience analysis information will inform the PDSEC analysis and revision in communes where those
PDSECs are live.
Under the objective 3 of the project, PSR will increase youth’s understanding of Violent Extremism through trainings. PSR will complete
youth opportunities to prepare skill-based training for them. Youth from the intervention communes will be trained to collect and analyze
data using the FRAMe methodology. This exposure will increase their understanding of their communities’ concerns and subsequent
positive involvement in the solutions.
PS&R will continue to advocate/implement the sequencing, layering and of the project’s objectives and activities in order to holistically
promote peace, stabilization and reconciliation across multiple stakeholders and partners. Specifically, PS&R will build on past USAID
investments and complement the work of other actors in peacebuilding and stabilization through coordination and partnership. PSR
will build on Mercy Corps and ACCOR past projects as well as coordinating with Think Peace and AMSS ongoing and past projects in
the under Objective 1.
ANNEX I : Workplan Narrative for the quarter January-March 2019
Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization, and Reconciliation
Workplan Narrative FY19Q2 (January-March 2019)
INTRODUCTION :
Mali Peacebuilding, Stabilization, and Reconciliation (PSR) is funded by USAID for five years (2018-2023). It is implemented by a
consortium consisting of Creative, Think Peace, AMSS. It covers 46 communes in the regions of Ségou, Mopti, Gao, Kidal, Ménaka,
Timbuktu, Taoudéni, with three main objectives namely:
✓ Resilience to violence and conflict strengthened;
✓ Increased participatory governance and civic engagement in conflict-affected communities;
✓ Youth Empowerment and Building Resilience to Violent Extremism. This work plan describes the project activities for the January-March 2019 quarter. During the quarter, the project will combine the
latest community engagement activities with activities directly related to the project results.
FOUNDATION ACTIVITIES
Activity F1.1. Continue initial community engagement.
During the quarter, the project will proceed to the conclusion of community orientation workshops. During the workshops, PSR
will report back to the communities on the contacts made so far, on the findings of the community mapping (CSOs, key actors), on
the findings of the discussions around questions of conflict management mechanisms, PDSECs, and threats of radicalization. Members
of the community engagement committee (CEC) will be presented and their roles and responsibilities explained. The project will
avail the presence of village chiefs, representatives of administrative and traditional authorities, key actors and influential people in
the communes to provide training in civic education and information on stabilization policies in Mali. The activity will be carried out
by grantees and PCP staff.
Activity F1.2. Carry out conflict analysis.
The project will work with WANEP to analyze the conflicts in each of the intervention communes of the project. In total, 45 focus
groups of 10 members each will participate in the collection of data informing the conflict analysis. Data collection will begin in early
February and be complete by the beginning of March. This data and analysis will inform all actives described below. Activity F1.4. Carry out FRAMe analysis
The project will work with the Universite des Lettres et Sciences Humaines de Bamako (ULSHB) and young academics from the
intervention regions to analyze the level of resilience and fragility of communities in the target communities. A total of 220 focus
groups of 10 members will be held and facilitated by 440 young facilitators and enumerators. The ULSHB will select youth from each
region and communes and ensure that enumerators are sent to their commune of origin. This approach will address the issue of the
language of the focus group facilitation, as well as the trust of the groups in the facilitators. ULSHB will conduct the research in
stages beginning in February and continuing into March. The resulting data and analysis will not only inform the activities below, but
may also have broader application across USAID/Mali programming.
Activity F1.6. GOM and CSO stakeholders and other leaders and influencers develop work plans
With the support of PSR, CECs in 40 communes will develop their draft action plans. Each CEC has seven to nine members who are
key actors and influencers in the commune. The plans will be validated during community orientation workshops.
OBJECTIVE I: RESILIENCE TO VIOLENCE AND CONFLICT REINFORCED
R1.1. Communities develop and implement early warning and response systems
The development of early warning and response systems will take into account the existing mechanisms, test them and review them.
The project will adapt them based on the specificities of each of the communes defined through the ICAF and FRAMe analysis. PSR
will revive the systems previously funded by USAID while working out modalities to support the National Early Warning and
Response Center. Indeed, the role of the Center in coordinating systems is critical to sustainability and leverages existing assets. The
project will support the Center in its role of coordinating early warning and response systems. The Center has a direct line with the
Prime Minister Office to which it reports. This allows the center to quickly mobilize and direct response to any information
received.
Activity 1.1.1. Develop community-tailored early warning indicators
The early warning and response system reduces the risk of conflict in
time. To be effective the early warning signals must be community
specific and determined by community leaders and influencers based
on local conflict analysis. Following this conflict analysis, the
community actors brought together will validate their own warning
indicators and their use to build local response readiness. Selected and strengthened community monitors provide data to local and
regional authorities for any useful follow up and response. The project will start in communes where previously USG funded Mercy
Corps project had established monitors for conflict early warning indicators. PSR will engage the with the National Early Warning
Center on the coordination of the Early warning and response systems for the Government of Mali. The vision of the project is that
the National Early Warning Center coordinates all the early warning signals and is the instigator of the response through the Prime
Minister’s Office.
Sub-activity 1.1.1.1: Mapping of existing early warning monitors and systems
During this quarter, PSR will validating the list of 22 Mercy Corps community monitors in Gao and verifying their willingness to
continue in these roles. PSR will also complete mapping and verification of all other community-based early warning systems and monitors in PSR-support communes. Where possible, PSR will collect lists of early warning indicators and community monitors.
Sub-activity 1.1.1.2: Reestablish early warning monitors in Gao
In the coming quarter, PSR will leverage and sustain the work conducted by Mercy Corps in Gao by:
• Providing replacement equipment where needed and ensure adequate phone credit/coverage to enable reporting.
• Provide a small stipend as necessary for the 22 monitors.
• Gather feedback and impressions from the community monitors and the CECs on the effectiveness of the
Sub-activity 1.1.1.3: Adapt early warning indicators based on the ICAF results
At the conclusion of the foundational assessments described above, PSR will use the findings to develop tailored draft early warning
indicators for the communities supported in sub-activity 1.1.1.2 based on the original indicators used by Mercy Corps community
monitors. This process will serve as a template for broader adaptation.
Activity 1.1.2. Develop early warning training program
The training program on early warning will take into account the specificities of the target communes as well as data on the
indicators established at commune level. The project will draw on existing training modules (such as WANAP’s) and adapt them
according to the specificities of each community.
Sub-Activity: 1.1.2.1 Adapt training modules based on ICAF findings
In the coming quarter, PSR will gather existing training modules and begin drafting the early warning training program based on the
ICAF results and draft tailored early warning indicators developed for supported communities in Gao.
Indicator : % of early warning signals reported that are referred to relevant
response structures by EWCs
Target : 100 signals sent through to the relevant response center
Activity 1.1.3: Provide EWRS capacity building to CSOs
CSOs established and working in Communities, in collaboration with other peace-support associations will play a role in the early
warning and response systems. CSOs will receive training and will be encouraged to pass early warning information on to the
monitors. This will strengthen the early warning system and help inform the number of field monitors trained in the collection of
early warning data.
Sub-activity1.1.3.1 Agree on CSO selection criteria
During this quarter, the project will define participating CSO selection criteria drawing on those that are already successfully
conducting similar work at a regional and national level. The program will also establish a strong line of coordination with National
Early Warning Center to ensure consistency with GoM priorities and policies.
R1.2. Communities develop non-violent conflict mitigation and management mechanisms to resolve disputes and
grievances, protect human rights, and strengthen social cohesion
Grievances as root causes, proven or supposed motives, are most often buried in each person and, contribute to feed conflicts, if there is not a framework in which everyone can find the means to express themselves, discuss in order to be reconciled. The
approach of this result is to create dialogue situations in which the communities will have to discuss their problems, without taboos,
and to initiate together the paths towards more fraternity and to life together in a violence-free environment.
Activity 1.2.1. Select and train key influencers in conflict mediation, negotiation, and dispute resolution
The first target of the training will be the Community Engagement
Committees members. These members were selected based on their
level of involvement in community development, innovation to meet
peace and development challenges, and the credibility they enjoy
within communities. The trainee group will be extended to other
groups and individuals who may be playing a role in conflict resolution but are not part of the CEC of which the number of members
is limited.
Activity 1.2.2. Conduct dialogues around specific group grievances using P2P
At the end of the implementation of the community engagement process, actors were identified based on their experiences in
conflict prevention and their participation in the activities of the municipality. Those actors, mostly members of community
engagement committee, will be strengthened in techniques to facilitate dialogues. In some cases, ad hoc committees may be trained
to conduct dialogues on specific grievances.
Sub-activity 1.2.2.1: Adapt CMM training modules from AMSS and Think Peace current modules
PSR will use the modules developed independently by AMSS and Think Peace to develop a single harmonized training package that
reflects the ICAF and FRAMe findings. PSR will test these refined materials at a pilot training as described below.
Sub-activity 1.2.2.2: Organize a pilot training for key actors in Macina
In March, PSR will support a pilot training for 20-30 participants in Macina for a two-day workshop. Participants will include the
CEC and additional community influencers with close ties to or experience with this issue. The training will enable participants to
facilitate the reconciliation dialogue in sub-activity 1.2.2.3 effectively and mediate between the peuhls who left and felt pushed out of
the community but want to return and those who remained
Sub-Activity 1.2.2.3: Support one day dialogue to discuss return of displaced Peuhls in Macina
Following on the initial dialogue facilitator training, PSR will support a broader dialogue in Macina to gather and discuss both
community concerns and issues with the return of displaced peuhls and the concerns and issues of those displaced. Intended to
Indicator : Number of people participating in USG-supported events,
trainings, or activities designed to build mass support for peace and
reconciliation
Target : 400
bring together a broad range of people, this group of more than a hundred participants will voice concerns and when possible
develop concrete next steps in addressing potential issues.
R1.3. Victims of violence are identified and supported through trauma-informed approaches to community
reintegration and reconciliation
As the peace process moves forward, conflict-affected communities must manage the return and reintegration of ex-combatants, as
well as assist victims in their recovery and re-assimilation into communities. PSR approach provides the foundation for trauma
healing further supported through project activities such as training for CSOs and communities to support ex-combatants and
support to victims of violence.
Activity 1.3.1. Prepare communities for reintegration and reconciliation
The project will inform communities about the peace
agreement and the peace process, including the provisions concerning the DDR. The PCP field team will work with
government officials, CSOs, community leaders and respective
influencers to identify potential actors to participate in
community forums where community concerns will be discussed including around reintegration and reconciliation.
During the quarter, the project will identify resources (organizations) to facilitate community reintegration dialogues and processes.
Sub-Activity 1.3.1.1: Identify resources with community facilitation capability on issues of reintegration.
PSR will begin to identify commune-level community-based organizations (CBOs) with the ability and desire to support their
communities through the reintegration process. PSR anticipates that resource identification will be ongoing as organizations and
community leaders begin to grapple with the multitude of issues related to reintegration. By the end of the quarter, PSR will have
collected preliminary resource lists from approximately 40 communities.
Sub-activity 1.3.2.1: Draft TORs for the training
Concurrent with the identification of commune level resources under sub-activity 1.3.1.1, PSR will also begin to draft the terms of
reference (TORs) for training these identified resources in supporting reintegration; GoM approaches, and possible resources.
OBJECTIVE II: INCLUSIVE GOVERNANCE AND CIVIC ENGAGEMENT STRENGTHENED IN CONFLICT-AFFECTED
COMMUNITIES.
The majority of the activities under Objective 2 will focus on analyzing the PDSECs and supporting urgent peacebuilding activities identified during the review process.
R2.1. Increased participation and inclusion of communities in the development, review, and revision of PDSECs
As part of decentralization, communes identify and prioritize local development needs, then channel the information to cercle and
regional authorities as they develop PDSECs. PS&R will build local capacity to identify community needs and resources, set priorities,
and communicate to citizens.
Activity 2.1.4. Establish community resource centers to share information on PDSEC implementation plan
Discussions around resource centers during the community engagement process indicate that there is no clear
understanding/commitment/resources/strategy for centers to provide information on PDSECs at commune level. During the quarter
the project will evaluate the existing resource centers and adopt a strategy to support community resource centers. The community
coordinators will be responsible for taking stock of the situation.
Sub-Activity 2.1.4.1: Mapping of existing resource centers in intervention communes
Indicator : Number of individuals from low-income or marginalized
communities who received legal aid or victims’ assistance with USG
support
Target : Number of service providers identified
Critical to the delivery of later programming, PSR will develop an accurate map of the existing resource centers in accessible
targeted communes. As a key part of the mapping process, PSR staff will also provide preliminary opinions on the functionality of
the resource centers and their current capabilities.
R2.2. Linkages and synergies strengthened between key GOM strategies to stabilize northern and central Mali
PSR activities are designed to support key elements of GOM strategies for peace and development of the Northern and Central
Regions of Mali. The project will carry out training of the key stabilization policies and document to key actors and influencers in 41
communes as part of the community orientation workshops
Activity 2.2.1. Train selected leaders and influencers on effective communication and negotiation
From the community engagement identified key actors, influencers and leaders, the project will select those who will be trained,
including the Community Engagement Committee. This quarter, the project will focus on developing training modules on effective
communication and negotiation
Sub-activity 2.2.1.1: Develop a training module on communication and negotiation techniques. Drawing on existing training material used in similar contexts, PSR staff will draft a Malian-tailored training module on
communication and negotiation techniques. This training module will be included in more comprehensive training for the CECs and
for other key actors in targeted communes as part of ongoing assistance and engagement.
R2.3. Citizens and GOM representatives are educated and empowered in their respective responsibilities, rights,
and duties
PSR will assist government authorities in applying new understanding of their roles and responsibilities to address grievances that
have been raised through the conflict analysis, perceptions highlighted by FRAMe, and progress made in implementing development
initiatives as part of the regional development plans and PDSECs.
During the quarter, the project will focus on civic education training with the aim of raising awareness among communities on GOM
policies and strategies for stabilizing regions and the center. The project will benefit mainly from community orientation workshops
that bring together village and fractional leaders, as well as communal authorities and key and influential people from women's and
youth organizations.
Activity 2.3.2. Provide grants to local NGOs to conduct community-driven civic education
As part of the Community Orientation, a civic engagement
training will be organized for all chiefs of villages in all
intervention communes, commune council and authorities, along
with key actors and key influencers of the communes.
Sub-activity 2.3.2.1: Train key actors and community authorities and
leaders on civic education
Carrying on the work begun in the previous quarter, PSR will issue two grants to Malian CSOs to deliver civic education and
community orientation training. One grantee will deliver training to targeted communes in Mopti and Ségou and the other to
targeted communes in Gao in February. PSR has already completed the initial evaluation of applications and will be making final
awards in early February. These grants will include rolling training through February for all accessible target communes within these
regions. The training will incorporate the lessons learned from the pilot civic education and community orientation training held in
December 2018 in Markala. For Timbuktu, PSR will deliver the training directly leveraging existing consortium local assets. All
training will be complete by the end of February.
Sub-activity 2.3.3.1: Map out community cultural events
As a part of the civic education and community orientation training conducted under sub-activity 2.3.2.1 above, PSR will also collect
initial calendars of commune-level cultural events and holidays. These calendars will enable PSR to plan small grant activities for
cultural activities in future quarters that reflect the priorities, schedules and individual cultures of specific regions and communes.
Indicator :
1. % of citizens exposed to civic education messages who report
participating in civic activities
2. % of citizens in target communes who are aware of government
stabilization and development plans
Target : 200 individuals exposed to civic education and stabilisation policies.
OBJECTIVE III: YOUTH EMPOWERMENT AND STRENGTHENED RESILIENCE TO VIOLENT EXTREMISM.
The youth empowerment sought will translate into the number and percentage of youth who reject violent extremism and embrace
positive dynamics for their communities.
R3.1. Community capacity to support youth empowerment and leadership strengthened
The implementation of workforce development programs will enable the project to mobilize training institutions or centers that
exist within these communities. This strategic choice, which directly engages community learning institutions and centers, will be a
source of motivation for them to provide quality training to young people of their own villages. Training will focus on priority areas
that will be identified with the support of the community, influencers and economic actors (private sector)
Activity 3.1.1 Deliver training to cadre of youth coaches
Youth Coaches will be identified in the 3 communes of Mopti, Gao and Tomboctou. At the same time, modules on leadership and
coaching training will be developed. Those youth will receive training on coaching and leadership skills as well as on notions of
violent extremism. They will be trained on how to mentor other
youth and mobilize youth in resisting and countering violent
extremism. This quarter will focus on selection of youth,
development of training areas and modules, and training of selected
youth in 3 communes of the project for testing and learning purpose.
Sub-activity 3.1.1.1: Identify youth coaches in communities in Mopti, Gao and Timbuktu communes
Building on the initial community engagement and key influencer identification conducted in the previous quarter and continuing in
this quarter, PSR will establish criteria for youth coaches and through the CCs identify the initial cadre of 10 coaches in a one pilot
commune each in Mopti, Gao, and Timbuktu regions. This identification and recruitment effort will serve as the basis for learning
and adaptation for efforts across all other accessible target communes.
Sub-activity 3.1.1.2: Develop training modules on coaching and leadership
Concurant with the identification and recruitment of the initial cadre of pilot youth coaches, PSR staff will also develop the training
modules on coaching and leadership for the initial training. These modules will draw on exiting leadership training, particularly that
dedicated to youth, but PSR staff will tailor the training to reflect the specific needs and contexts in which these youth coaches are
operating.
Sub-activity 3.1.1.3: Conduct pilot training for 10 youth on coaching and leadership skills in Mopti, Gao and Timbuktu
In late March, following youth coach identification and recruitment (sub-activity 3.1.1.1) and the development of tailored training
materials (sub-activity 3.1.1.2), PSR will conduct three initial pilot training workshops for the identified youth coaches, one each in
Mopti, Gao, and Timbuktu. These three-day training workshops will both activate the youth coaches in the selected communes and
provide key insight into the adaptations required to conduct similar training on a wider scale.
Activity 3.1.2 Conduct youth asset mapping to promote civic engagement
The project defines assets for young people to be the opportunities, and any community resources available (natural, cultural,
environmental, human), for young people to use and create wealth in their community and earn income for themselves.
Sub-Activity 3.1.2.1: Design a youth asset mapping tool
During the quarter, the project will design the mapping tool that will enable identified youth coaches to map out both the assets that
youth bring to their community, including those underutilized or unrecognized by the community at large, and the resources which
able to provide support and assistance to youth as they develop as members of the community. The tool will include inputs from
the youth coaches identified in the pilot sub-activities described above who, in quarter three, will be trained on its use and
supported as they carry out community youth asset mapping.
Indicator: Number of youth who participate in skills-based trainings through
USG assistance
Target : 10 young people selected
Activity 3.1.3 Deliver skills-based training and micro-grants to build empowerment and entrepreneurship
Youth’s assets mapping will include individuals, individuals, institutions, associations and small and medium enterprises with on-job-
training capacity. The project will negotiate those sign MOU’s organizing the terms of them providing agreed skills to identified
youth. The project will also engage USAID/PACEN project dealing with similar training of youth in the north to both learn and
coordinate. Youth in 3 communes of intervention will be trained. The project will choose accessible communes for testing and
learning purposes
R3.2. La résilience des jeunes face à l’EV est renforcée grâce au soutien de la famille et de la communauté
In the absence of strong family and community support, male youth may see VE and armed groups as a pathway to gaining power
and influence, while female youth can be influenced by VE rhetoric to cut short their education in favor of early marriage. Our
approach will strengthen existing support structures for youth within families and communities to counter the draw of VEOs, with a
strong focus on VE counter-messaging and behavioral change
communications. Emphasis will be put on deep rooted societal values
used to rebuild the education of young people and keep them away
from violence. The project will develop, with community actors, activities that convey messages and values against violence and for
social cohesion through family dialogue assemblies, theaters, festivals, caravans, citizeship days, will be promoted.
Activity 3.2.1 Engage youth and their families against violent extremism
During the quarter, training and awareness modules on violent extremism will be developed. In order to prepare and adapt modules
to communities of the project, PSR will carry out a research on what the understanding of violent extremism is in communities. The
project will develop a guide for family and community discussions on violent extremism.
Sub-activity 3.2.1.1. Deepen understanding of community concepts of violent extremism
The language used to discuss issues surrounding violent extremism is fraught and, when no tailored to reflect community
understanding, can offend audiences and undermine efforts to counter violent extremist influences. As a critical part of the PSR’s
approach to this delicate issue, the project will work through CC and CECs to better understand the language and concepts
employed in partner communes around issues of violent extremism. The Objective 3 Lead will draft a short list of questions and
work with CCs and CECs to determine how each community talks about these issues. This effort will continue through the life of
the program and inform not only sub-activity 3.2.1.2 below, but also broader communication efforts across the project.
Sub-activity 3.2.1.2. Draft a discussion guide on violent extremism
Based on the information collected in sub-activity 3.2.1.2, PSR staff will draft tailored discussion guides that will support and inform
future activities and training around issues related to violent extremism across the project. The degree of tailoring required will
reflect the how widely communes differ in their use of language and concepts. Ultimately, the project will produce as many tailored
discussion guides as required to meet the needs of target communes.
Activity 3.2.2 Engage community institutions against violent extremism
During the quarter, the project will map out community cultural events that can be used as platform form counter violent messaging
and sensitization (festivals, singers, theater, etc.) as well as community institutions that the project will engage to further counter
violent extremism.
Sub-activity 3.2.2.1: Map out community cultural events
Conducted concurrently with sub-activity 2.3.3.1above, this calendar of cultural events will focus on those in which youth plays a
more significant role or where there is increased opportunity for youth leadership and engagement.
Sub-Activity 3.2.2.2. Identify project target community institutions
Conducted concurrently with other mapping exercises described above, through this sub-activity, PSR will place a youth lens on
broader community institution and CSO/CBO mapping to identify a smaller more targeted group of potential commune-level
support systems and partners.
Indicator :
Number of individuals trained on addressing violent extremism in their
communities ;
Target :
Annex III-Mapping of Early Warning monitors and tools in target communities
Communes EW Monitor Name Contact Structure Tools Addressee of EW
information
SEGOU REGION
Millstone Bakary DIALLO 79 03 75 81 WANEP Telephone WANEP through
WATSAPP
Segou Mamoutou Pléa 76 22 58 14 /66 65 48
52 WANEP Telephone Same
Segou Mrs Diao-Tall
Kadiatou 66 72 43 74/ 76 65 28
24 WANEP Telephone Same
Segou Me I 69 50 11 11 WANEP Same
Niono Fatoumata Chromium 70 21 65 61/ 66 76 67
59 WANEP Telephone Same
MOPTI REGION Chorus David Chris 95 43 95 76 WANEP Telephone Same Bankass Madina Guindo 74 25 65 48 WANEP Telephone Same Ouenkoro Moussa Tapily 74 50 47 97 WANEP Telephone Same Mopti Lassina Déba, 79 21 68 70 WANEP Tablet Same Bandiagara Cheick Tidiane 66 61 52 94 WANEP Tablet Same
Tenenkou Rouki Tamboura 75 20 43 79/ 69 08 65
95 WANEP Tablet
Same
Youwarou Youssouf Issa
Kassambara 78 52 36 38
WANEP Tablet Same
TIMBUKTU REGION Timbuktu Abdoulaye Will 76 10 18 33 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Bourem Inaly Mahamar Haidara 66 54 38 28 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Bourem Inaly Mahamad Touré 93 70 78 13 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Timbuktu Salma Barka 76 0 236 00 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Timbuktu Moulaye I Haidara 79 15 13 89 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Timbuktu Dad Moulaye 66 77 62 60 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps Bourem Inaly Abdoulaye Maiga 69 80 02 17 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps
Tell The Girl 79 3711 12 WANEP Tablet WANEP through
Watsapp
Timbuktu Fodé Barry 79 02 58 80/97 97 42
71 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Timbuktu Abdel Kader
Djeinamm 75 46 50 47/69 50 52
25 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Tell Sidi Dicko 76 45 42 59/66 24 90
77 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Tell Albatrou Ousmane
Traoré 71 5146 71/66 91 37
21 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
REGION DE GAO
Bourem Moussa MAÏGA 79 30 19 51 WANEP Tablet Wanep
Bourem Ayatoudé Mohamed 96 38 32 30 WANEP Tablet Wanep
Soni Ali Ber Moussa Omorou
Maiga 93 70 68 38
Mercy Corps Tablet
Mercy Corps
Soni Ali Ber Almeimoune
Abdourhamane 93 70 68 32
Mercy Corps Tablet
Mercy Corps
Soni Ali Ber Abdoul Aziz
Hamilton 93 70 68 15
Mercy Corps Tablet
Mercy Corps Gao Tammy 76185187 WANEP Telephone WANEP
Gao Ibrahim Hamilton
Touré 79070418
WANEP Telephone
WANEP
Gao Alhousseini Ould
Mohamed 76012965
WANEP Telephone
WANEP Gao Abdoulback T Touré 62321663 WANEP Telephone WANEP Gao Sangaré Abdoulaye 76172724 WANEP Telephone WANEP Ouatagouna Seydou Maiga 93707070 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps
Ouatagouna Idrissa Hamilton
Maiga 93707003
Mercy Corps Telephone
Mercy Corps Ouatagouna Abdoul Aziz Diallo 93707013 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps
Tessit Mohamed Larry
Cissé 93706991 /64261788
Mercy Corps Telephone
Mercy Corps
Tessit Mohamed Ag
Agaiwara 93706598
Mercy Corps Telephone
Mercy Corps
Tessit Atayoub Ould
Mohamed 93706976
Mercy Corps Telephone
Mercy Corps Ansongo Youssafa Moussa 93706860 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps
Ansongo Abdourahamane
Moussa Maiga 93706855
Mercy Corps Telephone
Mercy Corps Ansongo Abdoul Nasser Maiga 93706862 Mercy Corps Telephone Mercy Corps
Gao Allied Case 74 42 52 06/68 62 90
72 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Gao Haidara Sambaré 75 45 75 62 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Gao Soumana Issouf 74 11 78 06/98 45 99
36 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Gao Cissé Abdoul Aziz 76 20 48 82 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
REGION DE MENAKA
Ménaka Mohamed Ag
Albachar 74 14 25 29/69 81 99
56 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
Ménaka Sidi Rhelly 79 42 52 83/98 48 81
10 Think Peace Telephone Platform MAIN
KIDAL REGION
Kidal Sidi Ag, 78 43 51 98 WANEP Telephone Wanep through
watsapp
ANNEXIV: STATUS OF THE PDSEC
General Region Circle Common Status of
PDESC
(Source DGCT)
Status of
PDESC
(source
PS&R)
Centre Mopti Bandiagara Bandiagara Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Bankass Bankass Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Bankass Ouonkoro Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Bankass Follows Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Djenné Djenné Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Djenné Togué-Mourari Not available Valid
Centre Mopti Douentza Douentza Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Chorus Dinangourou Expired Expired
Centre Mopti Chorus Dioungani Expired Expired
Centre Mopti Chorus Chorus Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Mopti Riding Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Mopti Mopti Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Ténenkou Ténenkou Valid Valid
Centre Mopti Youwarou Youwarou Valid Valid
Centre Segou Millstone Millstone Valid Valid
Centre Segou Millstone Visible Expired Expired
Centre Segou Millstone Tongué Not available Valid
Centre Segou Niono Diabaly Valid Valid
Centre Segou Niono Niono Valid Valid
Centre Segou Segou Segou Valid Valid
Centre Segou Segou Pelengana Valid Valid
Centre Segou Segou Markala Valid Valid
North Gao Ansongo Ansongo Valid Valid
North Gao Ansongo Tessit Not available Valid
North Gao Asongo Ouattagouna Not available Valid
North Gao Bourem Bourem Valid Valid
North Gao Bourem Tarkint Not available Valid
North Gao Bourem Bamba Valid Valid
North Gao Gao Gao Valid Valid
North Gao Gao Soni Aliber Valid Valid
North Kidal Kidal Kidal Not available Not available
North Kidal Kidal Essouk Not available Not available
North Kidal Kidal Anefif Not available Not available
North Kidal Tessalit Tessalit Not available Not available
North Ménaka Andéramboukane Andéramboukane Not available Valid
North Ménaka Tidermène Alata Not available Not available
North Ménaka Ménaka Ménaka Not available Valid
North Taoudénit N/A * Salam N/A N/A
North Taoudénit Bou-Djebeha Agouni Not available Valid
North Taoudénit Taoudénit Taoudénit N/A N/A
North Timbuktu Dire Dire Valid Valid
North Timbuktu Goundam Goundam Valid Valid
North Timbuktu Niafunké Soboundou Valid Valid
North Timbuktu Timbuktu Bourem Inaly Valid Valid
North Timbuktu Timbuktu Timbuktu Valid
North Timbuktu Timbuktu About Not available
ANNEX V
CLASSIFICATION OF PS&R COMMUNES
Region Circle Commune Score 02/10/18
Status (02/10/18)
Score 31/12/18
Status 31/12/18
Community Coordinator
Mopti Bandiagara Bandiagara 24 Resilient 22
Resilient Kalifa Boloba
Mopti Bankass Bankass 20 Resilient 17
Buffer Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Bankass Ouonkoro 13 Buffer 13
Buffer Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Bankass Segue 16 Buffer 16
Buffer Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Djenné Djenné 16 Buffer 16
Buffer Thierno M. Diallo
Mopti Djenné Togué-Mourari 9 Conflict 9
Conflict Thierno M. Diallo
Mopti Douentza Douentza 9 Conflict 18
Buffer Thierno M. Diallo
Mopti Koro Dinangourou 9 Conflict 9
Conflict Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Koro Dioungani 9 Conflict 9
Conflict Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Koro Koro 20 Resilient 20
Resilient Hamadoun Sicki
Mopti Mopti Konna 19 Resilient 17
Buffer Thierno M. Diallo
Mopti Mopti Mopti 14 Buffer 14
Buffer Thierno M. Diallo
Mopti Ténenkou Ténenkou 9 Conflict 11
Buffer Kalifa Boloba
Mopti Youwarou Youwarou 9 Conflict 12
Buffer Kalifa Boloba
Ségou Macina Macina 9 Conflict 16
Buffer Paul Traore
Ségou Macina Matomo 9 Conflict 9
Conflict Paul Traore
Ségou Macina Tongué 9 Conflict 9
Conflict Paul Traore
Ségou Niono Diabaly 9 Conflict 10
Buffer Sira Sissoko
Ségou Niono Niono 9 Conflict 22
Resilient Sira Sissoko
Ségou Ségou Ségou 24 Resilient 25
Resilient Sira Sissoko
Ségou Ségou Pelengana 24 Resilient 25
Resilient Sira Sissoko
Ségou Ségou Markala 22 Resilient 22
Resilient Paul Traore
Gao Ansongo Ansongo 9
Conflict 18
Buffer Abdourhamane Amadou
Gao Ansongo Tessit 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Abdourhamane Amadou
Gao Steeve Ouattagouna 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Abdourhamane Amadou
Gao Bourem Bourem 13
Buffer 15
Buffer Mama Youssouf Maiga
Gao Bourem Tarkint 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Mama Youssouf Maiga
Gao Bourem Bamba 12
Buffer 14
Buffer Mama Youssouf Maiga
Gao Gao Gao 18
Buffer 18
Buffer Abdourhamane Amadou
Gao Gao Sony Aliber 18
Buffer 18
Buffer Mama Youssouf Maiga
Kidal Kidal Kidal 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Hamdi Ag Oufene
Kidal Kidal Essouk 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Hamdi Ag Oufene
Kidal Kidal Anéfif 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Hamdi Ag Oufene
Kidal Tessalit Tessalit 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Hamdi Ag Oufene
Ménaka Andéramboukane Andéramboukane 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Moussa AG Almorzock
Ménaka Tidermène Alata 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Moussa AG Almorzock
Ménaka Ménaka Ménaka 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Moussa AG Almorzock
Taoudénit n/a * Salam FALSE FALSE Aly Ould
Taoudénit Bou-Djebeha Agouni 9
Conflict 9
Conflict AlyOuld
Taoudénit Taoudénit Taoudénni FALSE FALSE AlyOuld
Timbuktu Diré Diré 15
Buffer 15
Buffer Diallo AbdoulayeAly
Timbuktu Goundam Goundam 14
Buffer 14
Buffer Diallo AbdoulayeAly
Timbuktu Niafunké Soboundou 14
Buffer 14
Buffer Diallo AbdoulayeAly
Timbuktu Timbuktu BouremInaly 15
Buffer 15
Buffer Mohamed Aboubacrine Ag Ansari
Timbuktu Timbuktu Timbuktu 17
Buffer 17
Buffer Mohamed Aboubacrine Ag Ansari
Timbuktu Timbuktu Ber 9
Conflict 9
Conflict Mohamed Aboubacrine Ag Ansari
Annex VI : Maps of incidents per region
Mopti
Segou
Niono : high crime, presence of radicals and FAMAS. Axis Niono-Diabaly-Sokolo: on subject to
approval. Axe-Séribala-Markala: Possible
Macina: high crime rate, social conflicts,
attacks by radical groups. Axis Macina-Matomo: on authorization. Axis Macina-
Markala-Ségou: Possible. Axis Macina-
Dia-Diafarabé-Téninkou: on authorization.
Axe Macina-Djenné: On authorization
Segou: crime, robbery and burglary, social unrest. Ségou Axis-Markala-
Macina-Téninkou Possible. Axis
Ségou-Markala-Denyo-Diabaly: on
authorisation
Tominian : crime,
presence of radical groups. Axis Tominian-
San ; Axis Tominian-Sofara-Sévaré Possible
Baraouli: crime. Axis Baraouli-
Ségou-Bamako: Possible
Bla: crime, presence
of radical groups.
Axis Bla-Ségou-
Bamako; Axis Bla-
San-Sio-Sévaré:
Possible
San : Average crime, presence of radical groups
axis San-Bla-Ségou: Possible. Axis San-SOFAA-
Sio-Sévaré: Possible
Circle of Douentza: presence of radical
groups and social conflicts. Axis
Douentza-Konna-Sévaré: to avoid. Axis
Douentza-Boni-Mondoro-Dalla-
Hombori: to avoid. Axis Douentza-
Bandiagara: Possible
Circle of Youwarou: strong presence of
radical groups. Axis Youwarou-kadial-
Dialloubé-Mopti: to avoid. Youwarou-Mopti
axis: possible by river
Circle of Téninkou:
presence of radical groups,
Axis Téninkou-Penga-
Diafarabé-Kouakourou-
Mopti: Possible by river
Circle of Mopti:
presence of radical
groups, average
crime. Mopti Axis-
Somadougou-
SOFAA-San-
Ségou: Possible
Crcle de Djenné: Area
of intercommunal
conflict, presence of
Kouakourou radicals.
Axis Djenné-Sofaa-
Somadougou-Sio-
Mopti: Possible. Axis
Djenné-Macina: To
avoid
Circle of Koro: Inter-Community
conflicts and presence of radical
groups, high crime. Axis Koro-
Bankass-Bandiagara-Sévaré:
Possible. Koro PS&R communes
axis: subject to approval
Bankass Circle: inter-
communal conflicts
(Kani, Segué,
Diallassagou, Bam...).
Bankass Axis-
Bandiagara-Sévaré,
Bankass-Koro : Possible.
Bankass Axis-Communes
subject to approval
Circle of
Bandiagara:
social conflicts,
presence of
radical groups.
Axis
Bandiagara-
Bankass-Koro,
Axis
Bandiagara-
Douentza:
Possible
Timbuktu
Gao
Cercle de Goundam: Axis Goundam-
Timbuktu: Recurrent robbery on the
axes with burglary in Goundam City,
presence of radical groups (Tonka),
Circle of Timbuktu: presence of traffickers, rear base
of radical groups, stronghold of banditry. Timbuktu –
Alafia: Presence of bandits, Timbuktu-Bambara
Maoudé: to avoid. Timbuktu-Goundam axis: by river.
Timbuktu-Rharous axis: on authorization
Circle of Diré: crime on the. Axe
Diré-Goundam: on authorization.
Diré-N'Gouma-Douentza axis: To
avoid
Circle of Niafunké: presence of radical
groups, crime. Axis Niafunké-Dianke-
Léré: To avoid/axis Niafunké-Saraféré-
Korientzé-Konna: On authorization
Circle of Gourma Rharous: crime: robbery, murder,
attacks. Axis Rharous-Gossi, axis: Rharous-
Inadiatafane: to avoid. Rharous axis-Gossi-
Hombori: On authorization
Circle of Bourem: crime, robbery, murders and
assaults on the axes. Axe Bourem-Témera-
Bamba: on authorization. Axis Bourem-Tarkint-
Almoustrat: on authorization. Axe Bourem-
Taboye-Gao: On authorization
Gao Circle: Crime, robbery, presence of radical groups in
northern and western part. Gao-Alsongo axis: on
authorisation and/or information. Gao-N'Tillit axis:
Possible. Axis Gao-Intahaka-Anchawadj: on
authorisation
Circle of Alsongo: Crime attacks
Tinhamma-Talataye axis: to avoid. Axis
Alsongo-Tassiga-Ouatagouna-Labezanga:
on authorization. Alsongo-Tesse Axis:
Possible
Kidal
Ménaka
Circle de Tessalit: Presence of
MINUSMA, Barkhane and
security forces. Axis Tessalit-
Kidal: on authorization. Axis
TessAlit-Abeibara: On
authorization
Circle of Abeibara: crime,
presence of forces Barkhane
and Minusma, presence of
radical groups. Axis
Abeibara-Kidal, Abeibara-
Tin Essako, Axis Abeibara-
Tessalit: On authorization
Circle of Tin Essako: crime;
presence of radical groups. Axis
Tin Essako-Abeibara, Tin
Essako-Kidal: On authorization
Cercle de Kidal: crime; presence of radical
groups. Recurrent attacks of the jihadists
against the Minusma and on the axes of the
circle. IED in the city. Axis Kidal-Tessalit:
to avoid. Axe Kidal-Abeibara, Kidal-Tin
Essako: On Authorization
Circle of Menaka: crime; presence of
FAMA, Minusma, Barkhane and Peace
agreement signatory groups, MSA, Preeti,
MAA. Axis Menaka-Imakra-Inékar:
Possible. Axis Menaka-Anouzègrene-
Anderamboucane: on authorization. Axis
Menaka-Tinfadimata-alata: on
authorisation
Circle of Tidermène: crime, presence of
the CMA armed groups. Axis Tidermène-
alata (Teguerert, Sehen): on authorization.
Axe Tidermène-Tinamachine-Ikedewane-
Chimame-Tinfadimata-Menaka: On
authorization
Circle of Inékar: crime and, presence of
the armed group MSA. Axis Inékar-
Agazragane: on authorization. Axis
Inékar-Imraki-Indélimène: to avoid. Axis
Inékar-Imakra-Menaka: Possible
Circle of Anderamboucane: Intercommunity conflicts;
presence of armed groups MSA-Gatia Axis
Anderamboucane-Ahmedzégrne-Menaka : Possible