Post on 30-Dec-2015
METABOLIC ENGINEERING OF ALKALOIDS PRODUCTION IN PLANT
Juan Pan
Department of Plant Pathology
OUTLINE
• alkaloids biosynthesis in plant• metabolic engineering• summary
ALKALOIDS
- N-containing small molecule - Amino acid derivative- Secondary metabolites- Defense in plant- Pharmaceutical uses
Alkaloid biosynthesisIn plant
- monoterpene indole alkaloid (MIA)
Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 2008. 59:735-69
MIA biosynthesis scheme
Alkaloid biosynthesis in plant
- benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs)
tyrosine (S)-norcoclaurine
Nature chemical biology, 2009, 5 (5): 292-300
dopamine
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
(S)-reticuline
Alkaloid biosynthesis in plant
- tropane alkaloids
Alkaloid biosynthesis in plant
- purine alkaloids
Metabolic engineering of alkaloid biosynthesis
- Overexpressing rate- limiting genes
- Gene silencing to block pathway
- Regulatory element
H6H
PMT and H6H overexpression increased scopolamine production
Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 6786-6791
tyrosine (S)-norcoclaurine
dopamine
4-hydroxyphenylacetaldehyde
(S)-reticuline
COR
Silencing COR blocked morphine biosynthetic pathway
Nat Biotechnol 22: 1559-1566
Nat Biotechnol 22: 1559-1566
Plant Biotechnology Journal (2008) 6, pp. 160–175
Exogenous regulatory factors increased alkaloids production in poppy
SUMMARY
- Overexpression of rate-limiting enzyme for higher alkaloid production- Gene silencing to block certain pathway- Manipulating regulatory elements to increase alkaloid production- Combination of several methods