Post on 16-Mar-2020
Local Climate Action - ICLEI’s Role towards Low Carbon Solutions
Emani KumarClimate Programme Coordinator, ICLEI Asia &
Executive Director, ICLEI South Asia5th September 2011, Taiwan
Contents…
• Local Governments & Climate Change
• ICLEI’s Global Climate program
• ICLEI’s Cities for Climate Protection(CCP)
Programme
• ICLEI’s Tool - HEAT +
• ICLEI’s Local Renewable Initiatives
• Climate Adaptation – ICLEI’s Contribution
• Conclusions
Why Cities Matters?
• Cities are important engine for economic growth & socioeconomic development
• 50% of population living in cities (app. 3.2 billion)
• 75% of the world energy use accounted for cities
• 60% of the population will live in cities by 2030 (app. 5 billion)
Urban Energy Demand Energy Production
Rising GHG LevelsUrban Transportation
Cities: A part of the Problem
The Challenges
• Cities face major barriers to implement Climate Change Measures
• Cities often lack – the requisite information – supportive National Level Policies – access to financing, and other support
• Rigid procurement and Budgeting Policies
• High project development costs
• Public repayment concerns
• Limited awareness and expertise
Cities: A Part of the SolutionRenewable ,Energy Efficiency & Urban Planning
Urban Energy DemandReduce it!!
Energy Efficiency/DSM/Planning
Clean EnergyClean it!!
Renewables, clean fuels
GHG/Air PollutionControl it!!
Reduce traffic, green Fleets
Local Action mirroring Global Efforts
Leve
l ofc
ompl
exity
and
inte
grat
ion
1990 2005 2007 2009 2010 2012
Local ClimateAction
Local ClimateAction
Voluntary climate action (ICLEI)
World Mayors Council and others (C40, UCLG)
Local Government Climate Roadmap
Copenhagen World Catalogue of Local Climate Commitments
The Global Cities Covenant on Climate& the carbonn Cities Climate Registry
UNFCCC
Kyoto Protocol
Bali Action Plan
Copenhagen Accord
Measurable, Reportable,Verifiable Climate Action
Global Climate Action Global Climate Action
Verified local climateaction
with enhanced access toglobal climate funds
Verified local climateaction
with enhanced access toglobal climate funds
ICLEI’s- CCP Initiative
Global:
Cities for Climate Protection Campaign (CCP)
Harmonized Emissions Analysis Tool (HEAT)
International Local Government GHG Emissions Analysis Protocol (IEAP)
1993: global network of LGs (>1000) aims at facilitating GHG reductions at local level
GHG emission accounting tool tailored to the needs of LGs
17 yrs of CCP experience – follows GHG Protocol principles – peer reviewed
CCP Program & Objective
“To build a worldwide movement of local
governments to achieve measurable reductions in local GHG emissions, improve air quality, and enhance urban livability”
MexicoBrazil
Philippines
India
South Africa
Indonesia
Thailand
Argentina
Chile
5 Milestone target oriented action plans
Australia & NZ
USA & Canada
CCP – Five Milestone Process
Baseline assessment/
emissions inventory
Set emissions reduction
target
Develop Climate Action Plan
Implement Local Action Plan
Monitor and report on progress
CCP – Multiple Benefits for LGs
• Reduce municipal operating costs
• Improve air quality
• Improve public health
• Reduce traffic congestion
• Develop local economy
• Create local green employment
• Improve quality of life
• Energy Security & Safeguards
ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability
Strategic Plan: 2009-2015
Goal 1: Integrated sustainability policy
Goal 2: Resource-efficient city
Goal 3: Biodiversities securing ecosystem services
Goal 4: Low carbon and climate neutral cities
Goal 5: Resilient communities
Goal 6: Green infrastructure
Goal 7: Green urban economy & jobs
Goal 8: Healthy & happy communities
Local Action Moves the World - USA
• US Mayors´ Climate Protection Agreement:
– Started in 2005, year of entry into force of Kyoto Protocol– Signed by 1051 nationwide– Endorse 7% GHG reduction by 2012, compared to 1990 – the commitment of
USA in the Kyoto Protocol
• ICLEI´s role
- More than 600 ICLEI member cities politically leading the agreement - More than 200 ICLEI member cities completed GHG inventory- Total reduction targets: 1.4 billion tons CO2eq by 2020- Developed tools, guidance and national protocol on local GHG emissions
Local Action Moves the World - Europe• EU Covenant of Mayors
– Launched by the Europoean Commission in 2007– 2,565 cities signed– Commit to reductions that exceed EU target of 20%
reduction by 2020– Preparation of Baseline Emissions Inventories &
Sustainable Energy Action Plans– UK Carbon Reduction Commitments Legislation, France
Bilancarbonne Tool
• ICLEI´s role
– Supporting Structure for cities– Developing tools and action planning guidance– Developed Copenhagen World Catalogue of Local
Climate Commitments – 3,500 cities worldwide– Supporting local government positions in UNFCCC
negotiations
Local Action Moves the World - China
• Low Carbon Cities Pilot Programme– Started by National Development and Reform Commission– Covers 5 provinces and 8 cities – Challenge of mega cities ( ~ 50-100 million inhabitants) – Plans to start city level emissions trading programmes– National Academy for Mayors Training
• Energy – Development – Climate
– Low carbon development – access to energy, combatting urban poverty – Mitigation through adaptation– Active support to local governments in UNFCCC negotiations
• ICLEI´s role– Sustainable Energy Planning Handbook– Key CDM projects in urban waste management
Local Action Moves the World - Africa
Local Action Moves the World - Oceania
• Leading federal action– Pivotal role in bringing Australia into Kyoto Protocol
• ICLEI´s role– ICLEI member cities cover 84% of population– 4.7 million ton CO2eq reduced in 2008
• Sustainable urban development
– Challenging urban air pollution & poverty through climate mitigation– Innovative mechanisms – Bus Rapid Transit, auctioning emissions
reductions– Urban forestry & biodiversity
• ICLEI´s role– Technical support for GHG inventories
Local Action Moves the World – Latin America
CCP in Southeast Asia
● CCP Philippines
- CCP participants has grown from 5 in 1999 to 14 in 2005- USAID, US EPA US DOE and CIDA supported
● CCP Indonesia
- launched in Nov 2001 in Java Island, in partnership with the National Cities League (APEKSI) & USAID
● CCP Thailand
–launched the Thai-CCP Campaign - 2002, –implementing agency - the Thailand Environment Institute (TEI). –support - CIDA.
Local Action Moves the World – South Asia
• CCP campaign• started in 2001 • 54 SA cities Carbon Emission Inventory• City/State Action Plans• State Level Guidelines on Urban Low carbon actions
• Local Renewables • City Energy (RE&EE) Policy• Action plans for RE & EE
• Local government GHG protocol
• US DOS Supported Urban Climate Project • Integrating Clean Technologies under 2 JNNURM Cities
Total Emissions
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1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00
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aldi
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pur
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now
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Mys
ore
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pur
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Kan
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0.90
6.78
0.24
6.37
0.750.97
3.82
0.27
1.28
0.58
2.47
0.56
2.55
0.490.22
1.15
0.47
2.42
5.51
2.63
9.34
2.37
0.29
0.95
1.59
0.67
2.00
6.01
0.881.22
2.89
0.470.14
3.39
1.45
0.360.23
0.951.47
7.36
4.27
0.380.77
0.050.020.030.29
0.050.07
0.99
0.140.15
百萬
Other South Asian Cities Emission
Indian Cities
ICLEI’s Tool: HEAT + • Planning tool GHG emissions, NOx, SOx, CO,
VOCs, and PM emissions.
• Cities can track community and government operations emissions
• Contains emissions factors (country specific, IPCC default, research organization, US EIA, etc)
• Internet based, centralized tracking and management
• multi-lingual- all languages possible
Software Module – City Emissions inventory
•Residential•Commercial•Industrial•Transportation•Waste•Others
Community
•Building•Facilities•Waste•Transportation•Others
Government
City
HEAT Plus-Home pageURL: - http://182.72.148.156:81/HeatplusV2/
Login as a Guest or user id
“Towards harmonized air emissions and climate action planning”
Available in 5 Languages:
EnglishPortugueseFrenchSpanishFilipinoKorean
Step 1: Choose or Create City
Step 2: Choose or Create Local Authority
Step 3: Select Module
Step 4: Open or Create Inventory Year
Step 5: choose Sector/Sub-sector
Step 6: choose emissions source Category
Step 7: Enter Record name
Step 8: Choose Calculator
Process Data
Report…
Report –•View Inventory Report –community/Corporation
•View Measure Data –Community/Government data
•Action Plan
ICLEI’s Local Renewables Initiative
Local Renewables Initiative
Cape TownBetim
Växjö
Freiburg
Bonn
BhubaneswarNagpur
Coimbatore
IndiaNagpur, Bhubeneswar, Coimbatore & satellite citiesFunder: GTZNov. 2005 - 2010
AfricaCape Town
Brazil Betim (MG) and 5 more citiesFunded by the British Government’s Global Opportunity Fund (GOF)July 2005 - June 2007Continuation 2008-2010 (GTZ)
EuropeBonn and Freiburg (Germany)Malmö, Vaxjo (Sweden)Milan (Italy)
A new LR Initiative is going to start next week in Indonesia & South Africa.
RAJKOT
AGRA
KALYAN DOMBIVLINAGPUR
THANE
GURGAON
KOHIMA
IMPHAL
AIZAWL
CHAMOLI GOPESHWAR
BHUBANESWAR
COIMBATORE
Solar Cities programme waslaunched by Government ofIndia to help cities in becomingrenewable energy cities.
Indian Solar Cities Programme – ICLEI’s Role
The Programmesets a minimum10% reduction inprojected demandof conventionalenergy through RE& EE activities
ICLEI SA is presentlysupports 12 cities
Approach for preparing Master Plan
• Guidebook for Developing a ‘Solar City’
• City Specific Master Plan
Guidebook for Developing a ‘Solar City’
• Review of RE & EE scenario in India
• Evolution of the Solar City Concept• International Programmes for
Solar Cities• ICLEI Local Renewable Network• Development of solar cities in
India• Indicative RE systems/devices/
projects for solar city• Indicative Energy Conservation
measures• Financial Schemes & supportive
finance• Business models• Implementation strategy• Risk Analysis
Preparing Master Plan
• Preparing energy base-line• Demand forecasting for next
5/10 years• RE Resource Assessment• Sector wise RE strategies• Sector wise EE strategies • Year-wise goals of savings • Action Plan and physical target• Financial outlay and sharing of
budget• Implementation strategy• Pilot projects – Plan and
budget • Assessment of Carbon market
benefit
RE StrategyResidential
• Solar Water Heater
• Use of Solar cooker
• SL and SHS • PV Power Pack• PV system for
replacement of DG/ Kerosene Generator sets
• RE Systems for Apartment Complex
Commercial
• RE Strategy for Hotels
• Renewable Energy Systems for Restaurants
• RE Systems for Hospitals
• RE Systems for Educational Institutes
Industrial
• Food processing
• Garment • Leather• Repair and
service• Paper and
printing• Wood product• Foundry
Municipal
• Municipality building and other Office Buildings
• Markets• Monuments• Streets, traffic,
road safety etc• Advt. hoardings• Parks • Waste to
Energy potential
EE StrategyResidential
• Incandescent bulbs with CFL
• T5 tube light withT12/T8 tube light
• Magnetic Ballast with Electronic Ballast
• Star rated Ceiling Fans
• Star rated air-conditioners
• Star rated pumps
• Star rated refrigerators
Commercial
• Incandescent bulbs with CFL
• T5 tube light withT12/T8 tube light
• Magnetic Ballast with Electronic Ballast
• Star rated Ceiling Fans
• Star rated air-conditioners
• Star rated pumps
• Star rated refrigerators
Industrial
• Incandescent bulbs with CFL
• T5 tube light withT12/T8 tube light
• Magnetic Ballast with Electronic Ballast
• Star rated electrical appliances
• EE in motors, furnace, boilers etc
Municipal
• 150 watt HPSV with LEDs
• T8/T12 tube lights with T5 tube lights
• Sensors for automatic on/off of street lights
• Dimmer technology
• Proper pump-system design
• Power saver• Plugging of
leakages
In Conclusion…
Local Governments (LGs) are showing utmost importance towards Climate Change
ICLEI supporting LGs in all the regions: - in preparation of their carbon emission inventories - as per LG GHG Protocol and - in reporting at International Stage
Request Taiwan LGs to join ICLEI’s movement
Taiwan LGs can become role models for other East Asian & Asian countries
Taiwan LGs, thus by support Sustainable Development