Pronómina Interrogatíva & Relatíva

By now you have a pretty good feel for the difference between how pronómina interrogatíva

and pronómina relatíva are used.

This is one time that the Latin and English work in very similar ways:

Interrogative: Who is coming? Who is the woman?

Relative: The woman who is coming....

This is one time that the Latin and English work in very similar ways:

Interrogative: Who(m) does she hear?

Relative: The girl who(m) she hears....

But do please try, as far as possible,to think in the Latin you have,

without reference to English!

But do please try, as far as possible,to think in the Latin you have,

without reference to English!I promise – it makes it far easier later

on!

The “core” or “spine” of our sentence is

«Femina est Æmilia.»

Adding the relative clause «quæ venit»makes it a bit more specific, which femina we

mean.

Morphology: Here’s a synopsis ofthe forms that we’ve had so far.

Morphology: Here’s a synopsis ofthe forms that we’ve had so far.

The interrogative and relative formsare almost always exactly the same.

CasuFeminíni Géneris

(singuláriter)

Masculíni Géneris

(singuláriter)

Masculíni Géneris(pluráliter)

Nominatívo

Interrogatívum:

Quæ plorat?

Relatívum:

Puella quæ plorat Julia est.

Interrogatívum:

Quis plorat?

Relatívum:

Puer qui plorat Marcus est.

Interrogatívum:

Qui sunt ímprobi?

Relatívum:

Púeri qui ímprobi sunt sunt Marcus Quintusque.

Accusatívo

Interrogatívum:

Quam vidémus?

Relatívum:

Puella quam vidémus Julia est.

Interrogatívum:

Quem vidémus?

Relatívum:

Puer quem vidémus Marcus est.

[soon!]

Genetívo

Interrogatívum:

Cujus saccus est?

Relatívum:

[soon!]

Interrogatívum:

Cujus saccus est?

Relatívum:

[soon!]

[soon!]

In only two instances are the interrogative & relative different:

CasuFeminíni Géneris

(singuláriter)

Masculíni Géneris

(singuláriter)

Masculíni Géneris(pluráliter)

Nominatívo

Interrogatívum:

Quæ plorat?

Relatívum:

Puella quæ plorat Julia est.

Interrogatívum:

Quis plorat?

Relatívum:

Puer qui plorat Marcus est.

Interrogatívum:

Qui sunt ímprobi?

Relatívum:

Púeri qui ímprobi sunt sunt Marcus Quintusque.

Accusatívo

Interrogatívum:

Quam vidémus?

Relatívum:

Puella quam vidémus Julia est.

Interrogatívum:

Quem vidémus?

Relatívum:

Puer quem vidémus Marcus est.

[soon!]

Genetívo

Interrogatívum:

Cujus saccus est?

Relatívum:

[soon!]

Interrogatívum:

Cujus saccus est?

Relatívum:

[soon!]

[soon!]

...the masc. nom. above, and one other that we’ll get to in Cap. IV.

Let’s get some more examples...

You should have read the chapter so many times that right examples just feel right.

But if you’re not sure and you do get stuck, don’t rush to English.

You should have read the chapter so many times that right examples just feel right.

But if you’re not sure and you do get stuck, don’t rush to English.

English rules of word-order will very likely mislead you!

You should have read the chapter so many times that right examples just feel right.

But if you’re not sure and you do get stuck, don’t rush to English.

English rules of word-order will very likely mislead you!

Instead, ask yourself carefully what case a Latin noun or pronoun is in

You should have read the chapter so many times that right examples just feel right.

But if you’re not sure and you do get stuck, don’t rush to English.

English rules of word-order will very likely mislead you!

Instead, ask yourself carefully what case a Latin noun or pronoun is inand what role that casts the noun/pronoun into (subject, direct object,

possessor, etc.).