Literary Terms DefinedBurton’s 2nd period Scholars

Define

Terms

ProvideExam

ples

PresentResults

My scholars serve as teachers

• The following literary terms were defined and presented to the class

• alliteration • paradox

• apostrophe • parallel structure

• comparison-contrast • parallel syntax

• descriptive • persuasive

• ellipsis • repetition

• euphemism • rhetorical fragment

• expository • rhetorical question

• inverted word order • rhyme

• logical appeal • simile

• metaphor • simple sentence

• mood • synecdoche

• narrative • tone

Rhetorical Question

a statement that is formulated as a question but that is not supposed to be answered

Bao Vo

Rhetorical Examples

• "How did that idiot ever get elected?“

Bao Vo

Rhetorical Example

• "Are you stupid?"

Bao Vo

Comparison-Contrast (writing purpose)

A comparison shows how two subjects are similar; a contrast shows how two subjects are

different.

Kiranisha Frazer

My hometown and my college town have several things in common. First, my hometown, Gridlock, is a small town. It has a population of only about 10,000 people. Located in a rural area, Gridlock is surrounded by many acres of farmland which are devoted mainly to growing corn and soybeans. Gridlock also contains a college campus, Neutron College, which is famous for its Agricultural Economics program as well as for its annual Corn-Watching Festival. As for my college town, Subnormal, it too is small, having a population of about 11,000 local residents, which swells to 15,000 people when students from the nearby college are attending classes. Like Gridlock, Subnormal lies in the center of farmland which is used to raise hogs and cattle. Finally, Subnormal is similar to Gridlock in that it also boasts a beautiful college campus, called Quark College. This college is well known for its Agricultural Engineering department and also for its yearly Hog-Calling Contest

Kiranisha Frazer

Comparison-Contrast/ Example 1

Comparison-Contrast/ Example 2Eating is an activity that we as humans do at least two times a day. We live in a world where the variety of food is immense, and we are responsible for what we eat. We decide what we are about to eat and how it will affect our bodies. The purpose of this essay is to compare and contrast the differences between eating fresh foods instead of canned foods. The three main differences are flavor, health benefits, and cost.The most notable difference between these two kinds of foods is their flavor. Fresh foods have great flavor and taste because they keep all their natural conditions. Canned foods however, lack a lot of its flavor characteristics because there are some other chemical products added to the natural foods. It is logical that the fresh foods will have a greater taste and flavor when consumed just because of the time in which they have been prepared.Comparing both types of foods we notice another difference. There is a health factor that affects both of them. Canned foods lose some of the original fresh food nutrients when stored, and also it has to be tinned with many conservatives and chemical factors that prolong the shelf life and apparent freshness of the food but could also become toxic if consumed too often.Yet another difference between these two types of foods is the cost. Canned foods are much more expensive than fresh foods. Here the benefit of buying tinned foods is that they are easier to find, for example, in a supermarket instead of the market like the fresh foods, and they require less work to prepare than fresh foods, just open and serve.Here are the main three differences between buying fresh foods and buying canned foods. As we can see it comes down to a personal choice, based on the time each person has, the money and the importance he/she gives to his/her nutrition and health. Therefore it is important that you consider your possibilities and choose the best type of foods for your convenience and lifestyle.

Kiranisha Frazer

Repetition

Repeated utterance; reiteration.

Demetria Harris

Example 1

We listened to the gun fire beyond the walls. We listened to the walls being hit by shrapnel, ricochets, and blind fire, at least it's what I thought it could of been. We listened to the creaking the windows made when they opened and shut due to the wind from the outside. We listened to the cries of our men, and the prayers they made to their gods. We listened, but said nothing.

Demetria Harris

Example 2

I like schoolI like boysI like texting I like eatingI like watching TVI like dancing

Demetria Harris

INVERTED WORD ORDER

When a verb is used before a subject.

ELIZABETH RAMIREZ

EXAMPLE 1At the table were four assignments

for each student.

ELIZABETH RAMIREZ

EXAMPLE 2Elizabeth is my name.

ELIZABETH RAMIREZ

Ellipsis the omission from a sentence or other construction of one or more words that would complete or clarify the construction, as the omission of who are, while I am, or while we are from I like to interview people sitting down.

Julio

I have something to tell you… I’m a boy

Julio

Example 1

Once upon a time…. The end.

Julio

Example 2

Euphemism

the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one

that may offend or suggest something unpleasant; also : the expression so substituted

Sharice Johnson, AP Lit

Example 1• Doing your duty • Number 1 • Number 2 Euphemisms for having to use the toilet

Sharice Johnson, AP Lit

Example 2• Cougar is an euphemism, because it is

describing a woman who pursues younger men.

Sharice Johnson, AP Lit

Simple Sentence

Giovanny Leon-Torres

A sentence with only one independent clause.

Giovanny Leon-Torres

I am running. This simple sentence has one

independent clause which contains one subject, I, and one predicate, running.

Giovanny Leon-Torres

The singer bowed. This simple sentence has one

independent clause which contains one subject, singer, and one predicate, bowed.

Parallel Syntax

Parallel syntax is the repetition of words, phrases, and clauses, used in a concise

manner, to emphasize a point.

Kelly Nunez

Parallel Syntax Ex. 1

• "Make beds, wash dishes, trash cans, clean oven." In this example, the term "trash cans" doesn’t fit the sentence structure established by the other phrases because it doesn't include a verb. In order to make this list into an example of parallel syntax, one would have to add a verb to "trash cans," changing it to "empty trash cans." Once this verb is added, all the phrases reflect parallel syntax because they all consist of a verb followed by a noun.

Kelly Nunez

Parallel Syntax Ex. 2

• “I came, I saw, I conquered”

Kelly Nunez

Logical Appeal Your arguments convince people because they are logical. They make sense to people. Bernan rubio

Example 1If we build bridges over freeways, the traffic will flow without interruption. The time taken for each vehicle getting to the city will be shorter.

Bernan Rubio

Example 2 A child can not be held fully responsible for his actions, the failure of a child is partly failure of the parents. A child does not have the full mental capabilities an adult may have.

Bernan Rubio

Mood

Literary work evoking of emotions or feelings.

Migdalia Cordero

Mood

• Examples of mood is happy, sad, feat, etc.• In the movie, Forrest Gump, it is inspirational.

• Migdalia Cordero

Mood

• In the book, Go Ask Alice, the mood is sad and full of fear.

• Migdalia Cordero

Paradox

Benicia Michel2nd Period1/14/13 Group 4

Definition: A statement or proposition that seems self-contradictory or absurd but in reality expresses a possible truth.

My lit term: something said in a weird way but is true.

Example 1

Don't go near the water until you've learned to swim.

Benicia Michel

Example 2

War is peace.

Benicia Michel

Parallel Structure

In grammar, parallelism, also known as parallel structure or parallel construction, is a balance within one or more sentences of similar phrases or clauses that have the same grammatical structure. The application of parallelism improves writing style and readability, and is thought to make sentences easier to process.

Carl Bouie Period 2 Group 4

Example 1

Lacking parallelism: She likes cooking, jogging, and to read.

Parallel: She likes cooking, jogging, and reading.

Carl Bouie Period 2 Group 4

Example 2

Lacking parallelism: The dog ran across the yard, jumped over the fence, and down the alley he sprinted.

Parallel: The dog ran across the yard, jumped over the fence, and sprinted down the alley.

Carl Bouie Group 4 Period 2

Rhyme

Parry N.

Verse or poetry having

correspondence in the terminal sounds

of the lines

Rhyme/Example 1

My name is Parry,Ya’ll think I’m scary,

I’m very, very, very extraordinary,I’m sitting next to Meeky,And she acting all geeky,

My eyes all low in class I’m getting a lil sleepy.

Rhyme/Example 2

Yea I’m up in group 5,We the hottest team alive,Flying with the birds yea we high in the sky,Got them other groups mad,Over there looking all sad,Talking bout group 5 cheating so they start packing

they bags,Talking bout Ms. Burton when its time for next class.

Personification

A figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed

with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form

Manh Do

Personification Example 1

• The tree was dancing in the wind.

Manh Do

Personification Example 2

• Hunger hit me in the stomach.

Manh Do

Persuasive Writing

The primary purpose of persuasive writing is to give an opinion and try toinfluence the reader’s way of thinking with supporting evidence.

Stefanny

Example #1

Otto Runs for President by Rosemary Wells (Scholastic)

Picture bookWhen Otto runs for school presidency, he

must defeat some underhanded techniques used by his opponents. What might convince the students that Otto is the best candidate for the job?

Stefanny

Example #2

Martin's Big Words by Doreen Rappaport (Hyperion)

Picture book biographyMartin Luther King, Jr. grew up during a time when the

United States was segregated. Real life events are juxtaposed to quotes from King in this rich and well documented though brief book. Martin's words were considered big; why? Write a letter of appreciation to convince someone [a newspaper editor?] of Martin Luther King's importance to others.

Stefanny

expository is a type of writing where the purpose is

to inform, describe, explain, or define the author's subject to the reader.

Olantha

Expository; Example 1

Well written essay, written in chronological order.

first, after, next, then, last, before that,

Olantha

Expository; Example 2

Exposition is a type of writing that is used to explain, describe, give information or inform on what is being discussed

The cat was fat with a long furry tall. The cat is begin describe.

Olantha

Rethorical Question…

R E N A T O

C A R R A S C O

2nd period

Why does teflon stick to the pan since nothing ever sticks to teflon?

If a cow laughed real hard, would milk come out her nose?

Why do they put Braille dots on the keypad of the drive-up ATM?

Simile

A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two different things, usually by employing the words “like”

or” as” – also, but less commonly, “if”or” than”.

Anthony

Example 1

• Life is like a box of chocolates

Anthony

Example 2

• As black as coal

Anthony

Alliteration

The repetition of two or more stressed syllables of a word group with either the

same constant sound or word sound.

Tia Smalls

• Repetition such as “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers.

A peck of pickles Peter Piper pickedIf Peter Piper picked a peck of picked peppers,

How many pickled peppers did Peter Piper pick?”

Tia Smalls

Alliteration Example

Example #2

“Betty Botter bought some butter,but, she said, the butter's bitter;

if I put it in my batterit will make my batter bitter,

but a bit of better butterwill make my batter better.”

Tia Smalls

Tone Is a literary technique that is a

part of composition, which encompasses the attitudes toward the subject and toward the audience implied in a literary work.

John

Example #1

Tone in Catcher in the Rye "Catholics are always trying to

find out if you're Catholic.“

John

Example #2

Other Examples of Tone in Literature

Mere anarchy is loosed upon the world - The Second Coming by Yeats. Even in this one line, the words anarchy loosed upon the world create a sense of fear and foreboding.

John

Word and Definition

• Narrative: a spoken or written account of connected events; a story

• It tells a story , usually from one person’s viewpoint

Raeana

Francis

Narrative/Example 1

A student telling a story of their first time at a new school

Raeana Francis

Narrative/Example 2

Someone telling a story of their first time saving a person’s life

Raeana Francis

Word and Definition

• Metaphor- is a comparison between two things without using “like” or “as”

• Jesus Buendia

Example 1

• Ms. Burton voice is a lions roar

• Jesus Buendia

Example 2

• Asia’s whimper is a crying baby

• Jesus Buendia