Post on 15-Aug-2015
Linked Data at the National Linked Data at the National Széchényi Library : road to the Széchényi Library : road to the
publicationpublication
SWIB10 : SEMANTIC WEB IN BIBLIOTHEKEN SWIB10 : SEMANTIC WEB IN BIBLIOTHEKEN
Cologne, 29–30 November, 2010 Cologne, 29–30 November, 2010
ÁdámÁdám HorváthHorváth
National Széchényi LibraryNational Széchényi Library
2 Linked Data at the National Széchényi Library - Ádám Horváth - NSZL
ContentsContents
Why I am hereWhy I am hereBackground information on NSZLBackground information on NSZLRoad to the publicationRoad to the publicationCurrent developments and future plansCurrent developments and future plans
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The newsThe news
The National Széchényi Library (NSZL) has The National Széchényi Library (NSZL) has recently published its entire OPAC and recently published its entire OPAC and Digital Library and the corresponding Digital Library and the corresponding authority data as Linked Open Data.authority data as Linked Open Data. (2010.04.20)(2010.04.20)
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The newsThe news
The used vocabularies areThe used vocabularies are– RDFDC for bibliographic data,RDFDC for bibliographic data,– FOAF for nameFOAF for namess, and, and– SKOS for subject terms and geographical SKOS for subject terms and geographical
namesnames
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The newsThe news NSZL uses CoolURIsNSZL uses CoolURIs Every resource has both RDF and HTML Every resource has both RDF and HTML
representationrepresentation Our RDFDC, FAOF and SKOS statements are Our RDFDC, FAOF and SKOS statements are
linked together linked together Our name authority is matched with the DBPedia Our name authority is matched with the DBPedia
name filesname files URI aliases are handled as owl:sameAsURI aliases are handled as owl:sameAs
statementsstatements NSZL also supports the HTML link auto-discoveryNSZL also supports the HTML link auto-discovery
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
Integrated library systemIntegrated library system– AmicusAmicus
• Consortium systemConsortium system• ViewsViews• Oracle basedOracle based• Authority handlingAuthority handling• Do not handle all thesaurus relation typesDo not handle all thesaurus relation types• Products moduleProducts module• Z39.50 serverZ39.50 server
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
OPACOPAC– LibriVisionLibriVision
• HTMLHTML• XML and XSLT basedXML and XSLT based• Z39.50 clientZ39.50 client• Session basedSession based
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
Thesaurus handlingThesaurus handling– RelexRelex
• Contains general terms and geographical namesContains general terms and geographical names• It uses all possible relation type available in ISO2788It uses all possible relation type available in ISO2788• It also contains UDC equivalents and coordinatesIt also contains UDC equivalents and coordinates• Relex can produce MARC outputRelex can produce MARC output• Relex uses the descriptors themselves as identifiersRelex uses the descriptors themselves as identifiers• Subject terms in Amicus is based on RelexSubject terms in Amicus is based on Relex
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
MARC is HUNMARCMARC is HUNMARC– MARC21 basedMARC21 based– No punctuation marc in recordsNo punctuation marc in records– More subfieldsMore subfields– Punctuation is program generatedPunctuation is program generated– MARC21 tools and utilities can’t be usedMARC21 tools and utilities can’t be used
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
The IT department containsThe IT department contains– ProgrammersProgrammers– System librariansSystem librarians– Maintenance stuffMaintenance stuff
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Information infrastructure of NSZLInformation infrastructure of NSZL
The IT department is responsible forThe IT department is responsible for– Integrated library systemIntegrated library system– Developing digital library Developing digital library – Developing other utilitiesDeveloping other utilities– Maintaining the whole IT infrastructureMaintaining the whole IT infrastructure
Not responsible for Not responsible for – DigitisationDigitisation– HomepageHomepage
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Road to the publicationRoad to the publication
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Motivation of our semantic web Motivation of our semantic web developmentsdevelopments
Personal interestPersonal interest Interested colleaguesInterested colleagues
– Kornél Horváth (horvath.kornel@oszk.hu)Kornél Horváth (horvath.kornel@oszk.hu)– Zsolt Zachár (zachar.zsolt@oszk.hu)Zsolt Zachár (zachar.zsolt@oszk.hu)
Semantic web is a cool thingSemantic web is a cool thingMy friends are also publishing their dataMy friends are also publishing their dataOur role is to provide dataOur role is to provide data
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Carrying out the developmentCarrying out the development
There were no specific projectThere were no specific projectSmall developments pointing to the same Small developments pointing to the same
directiondirectionWe developed it when time permittedWe developed it when time permitted
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The very first stepsThe very first steps
ONE2 projectONE2 project– Interoperability projectInteroperability project– Z39.50Z39.50– SRU emerged by the end of the projectSRU emerged by the end of the project– Semantic web was also mentionedSemantic web was also mentioned
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SRU interface for AmicusSRU interface for Amicus
TEL-ME-MOR projectTEL-ME-MOR project– To make NSZL searchable on the TEL portal via To make NSZL searchable on the TEL portal via
SRUSRUYAZ Proxy was usedYAZ Proxy was used
– SRU/Z39.50 gatewaySRU/Z39.50 gateway– User defined XSLTUser defined XSLT– Result set is according to the TEL Application Result set is according to the TEL Application
profileprofile
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SRU interface for AmicusSRU interface for Amicus
The important resultsThe important results– URL based searchURL based search– XML result setXML result set
• TTELAPELAP• MARCXMLMARCXML
– RDFDC is provided via YAZ ProxyRDFDC is provided via YAZ Proxy
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Development of LibriUrlDevelopment of LibriUrl
The requirement was to The requirement was to – make LibriVision OpenUrl compatiblemake LibriVision OpenUrl compatible– provide access to OPAC records via URLprovide access to OPAC records via URL
The problem was that LibriVision isThe problem was that LibriVision is– Session based and requires loginSession based and requires login
LibriUrlLibriUrl– URL based search interface for the OPACURL based search interface for the OPAC– DDeveloped by NSZL on the bases of a vendor eveloped by NSZL on the bases of a vendor
software codesoftware code
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Development of LibriUrlDevelopment of LibriUrl
LibriUrl search:LibriUrl search:
http://link.oszk.hu/libriurl.php?http://link.oszk.hu/libriurl.php?LN=en&DB=any&SRY=an&SRE=2616972LN=en&DB=any&SRY=an&SRE=2616972
LibriUrl side effectsLibriUrl side effects– Search for Amicus number is a link to a specific Search for Amicus number is a link to a specific
recordrecord– Our records became bookmarkable and linkableOur records became bookmarkable and linkable
and OpenSearchableand OpenSearchable
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How does it work?How does it work?
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How does it work?How does it work?
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Development of LibriUrlDevelopment of LibriUrl
The importance of LibriUrlThe importance of LibriUrl– It was behind of our CoolURIIt was behind of our CoolURI
http://link.oszk.hu/libriurl.php?http://link.oszk.hu/libriurl.php?LN=en&DB=any&SRY=an&SRE=2616972LN=en&DB=any&SRY=an&SRE=2616972
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SKOSifying the thesaurusSKOSifying the thesaurus
TelPlus projectTelPlus project– Thesaurus in SKOS for search refinement Thesaurus in SKOS for search refinement
SKOS conversionSKOS conversion– SKOS is converted from the MARC output of SKOS is converted from the MARC output of
RelexRelex– Not every thesaurus relation type is convertedNot every thesaurus relation type is converted– UDC and coordinates are also not includedUDC and coordinates are also not included
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SKOSifying the thesaurusSKOSifying the thesaurus
Concept identifier is an IRI compatible Concept identifier is an IRI compatible descriptor:descriptor:– 150 ** a 150 ** a abszurd drámaabszurd dráma– <skos:Concept<skos:Concept
rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/auth/rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/auth/abszurd_drámaabszurd_dráma">">
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SKOSifying the thesaurusSKOSifying the thesaurus
Serving SKOS to TelPlusServing SKOS to TelPlus– The SKOS XML file is indexed by Zebra and The SKOS XML file is indexed by Zebra and
served via SRUserved via SRU– http://193.6.201.195:9996/skos?http://193.6.201.195:9996/skos?
version=1.1&operation=searchRetrieve&query=version=1.1&operation=searchRetrieve&query=%22Gravenhage%22Gravenhage%22&startRecord=1&maximumRecords=10%22&startRecord=1&maximumRecords=10
– It is not RDF/XMLIt is not RDF/XML
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SKOSifying the thesaurusSKOSifying the thesaurus
Importance of SKOS developmentImportance of SKOS development– Having a conversion tool for creating SKOS Having a conversion tool for creating SKOS
recordsrecords
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LIBRIS as an exampleLIBRIS as an example
ELAG, 2008, WageningenELAG, 2008, Wageningen– LIBRIS’ linked open data was presentedLIBRIS’ linked open data was presented– Content negotiationContent negotiation– Cool URICool URI– Link relLink rel
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Focusing to the publicationFocusing to the publication
Realised that we have almost everything to Realised that we have almost everything to be able to publish our data as LODbe able to publish our data as LOD
We hadWe had– SKOSSKOS– LibriUrl (accessing OPAC records via URL)LibriUrl (accessing OPAC records via URL)– YAZ Proxy - SRU (URL based search in YAZ Proxy - SRU (URL based search in
Amicus)Amicus)– LIBRIS as an exampleLIBRIS as an example
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Focusing to the publicationFocusing to the publication
What were missingWhat were missing– Name convention of resourcesName convention of resources– IdentifiersIdentifiers– Content negotiationsContent negotiations– RDFDCRDFDC– RDF databaseRDF database– FOAFFOAF– Link rel metatags in the OPAC headerLink rel metatags in the OPAC header– Creating linksCreating links
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Name conventionName convention
Resource name for documentsResource name for documents– /resource/manifestation/2645471/resource/manifestation/2645471
Name for RDF representationName for RDF representation– /data/manifestation/2645471/data/manifestation/2645471
Name for HTML representationName for HTML representation– /hu/manifestation/2645471/hu/manifestation/2645471– /en/manifestation/2645471/en/manifestation/2645471
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Name conventionName convention
Resource name for authorityResource name for authority– /resource/auth/33589/resource/auth/33589
Name for RDF representationName for RDF representation– /data/auth/33589/data/auth/33589
Name for HTML representationName for HTML representation– /auth/33589/auth/33589
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IdentifiersIdentifiers
DocumentsDocuments• Amicus number (MARC 001)Amicus number (MARC 001)
Subject authority (thesaurus)Subject authority (thesaurus)• The descriptor itself with some conversion rulesThe descriptor itself with some conversion rules
NamesNames• Special number stored in the Amicus databaseSpecial number stored in the Amicus database
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Content negotiationContent negotiation
Implementation of content negotiationImplementation of content negotiation– 303 redirection was chosen303 redirection was chosen
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Thing
http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/manifestation/2645471
RDF
303 redirectand
Contentnegotiation
applicatoin/rdf+xml wins text/html wins
Content location:http://nektar.oszk.hu/data/manifestation/2645471 Content location:
http://nektar.oszk.hu/hu/manifestation/2645471
HTML
DOCUMENTS (books, journals, etc.)
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Thing
http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/33589
RDF
303 redirectand
Contentnegotiation
applicatoin/rdf+xml wins text/html wins
Content location:http://nektar.oszk.hu/data/auth/33589
Content location:http://nektar.oszk.hu/auth/33589
HTML
AUTHORITY ENTRIES (thesaurusterms, geo names, person names)
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Creating RDF for catalogue recordsCreating RDF for catalogue recordsCreating „RDFDC”Creating „RDFDC”
XSLT does the jobXSLT does the job– It is MARCXML RDF/XML conversionIt is MARCXML RDF/XML conversion
• Modification of the MARC to TEL Application Modification of the MARC to TEL Application profile conversionprofile conversion
– Creates links to subjects and namesCreates links to subjects and namesUsed vocabulariesUsed vocabularies
– Dublin CoreDublin Core– BIBOBIBO
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Installation of RDF databaseInstallation of RDF database
JenaJenaJoseki SPARQL endpointJoseki SPARQL endpoint
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Creating FOAF for namesCreating FOAF for names
Batch processBatch process– The name index of Amicus is usedThe name index of Amicus is used
FOAF is stored in and served from JenaFOAF is stored in and served from JenaDuring update always the entire FOAF During update always the entire FOAF
dataset is rebuiltdataset is rebuilt
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Contents of JenaContents of Jena
Names (FOAF)Names (FOAF)Subject authority (SKOS)Subject authority (SKOS)
– It is still available from Zebra via SRUIt is still available from Zebra via SRUCatalogue records (RDFDC)Catalogue records (RDFDC)All of our linked data can be searched All of our linked data can be searched
via SPARQLvia SPARQL
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Creating HTML link auto-discoveryCreating HTML link auto-discovery
In the head of our OPAC extended In the head of our OPAC extended view pagesview pages
<link rel="meta" <link rel="meta" type="application/rdf+xml" type="application/rdf+xml" title="RDF Version" title="RDF Version" href="http://nektar.oszk.hu/data/manifestathref="http://nektar.oszk.hu/data/manifestation/2645471" />ion/2645471" />
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Creating linksCreating links
Links to NSZL resourcesLinks to NSZL resources– Link from RDFDC to nameLink from RDFDC to namess and and
subjectsubjectss
<dcterms:creator <dcterms:creator rdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/ardf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/33589"/>uth/33589"/>
<dc:creator>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</dc:creator> <dc:creator>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</dc:creator>
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Creating linksCreating links Links to external resourcesLinks to external resources
– Link from the name authority records to DBpediaLink from the name authority records to DBpedia
<foaf:Person <foaf:Person rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/33589">rdf:about="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/33589">
<foaf:name>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</foaf:name><foaf:name>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</foaf:name>
<<owl:sameAs owl:sameAs rdf:resource="http://rdf:resource="http://dbpedia.orgdbpedia.org/resource/M/resource/M%C3%B3r_J%C3%B3kai"/>%C3%B3r_J%C3%B3kai"/>
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Resolving the URL of documentsResolving the URL of documents
The URL of the documentThe URL of the document– /resource/manifestation/2645471/resource/manifestation/2645471
RDF is requestedRDF is requested– Redirection to /data/manifestation/2645471Redirection to /data/manifestation/2645471– PHP program gathersPHP program gathers
• MARCXMLMARCXML• Name idsName ids
– XSLT creates RDF/XML with linksXSLT creates RDF/XML with links
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Resolving the URL of documentsResolving the URL of documents
Link generation to SKOSLink generation to SKOS– Automatic conversion Automatic conversion
• from the literalfrom the literal– <dcterms:subject>abszurd dráma<dcterms:subject>abszurd dráma
</dcterms:subject></dcterms:subject>
• to the Conceptto the Concept– <dcterms:subject <dcterms:subject
rdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/abszurdrdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/abszurd_dráma"/>_dráma"/>
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Resolving the URL of documentsResolving the URL of documents
Link generation to FOAFLink generation to FOAF– The XSLT gets the name ids as parameters and The XSLT gets the name ids as parameters and
creates the linkscreates the links
<dc:creator>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</dc:creator><dc:creator>Jókai Mór (1825-1904)</dc:creator>
<dcterms:creator <dcterms:creator rdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/authrdf:resource="http://nektar.oszk.hu/resource/auth/33589"/>/33589"/>
Resolving the URL of a documentRDF is requested
Integrated Library System (Amicus)
SRU/Z39.50 gateway Servlet
Response RDF/XMLRequest
WebserverContent negotiation
Application program (PHP) XSLT
RDFDC with links to SKOS and FOAFRDF+XML accepted
SRU
Z39.50 MARC ISO2709
MARCXML ManifestId
JDBC NameIds
/resource/manifestation/2645471
/data/manifestation/2645471
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Resolving the URL of documentsResolving the URL of documents
Sample URL of a document Sample URL of a document /resource/manifestation/2645471/resource/manifestation/2645471
HTML is requestedHTML is requested– Redirection to Redirection to
/hu/manifestation/2645471 or /hu/manifestation/2645471 or /en/manifestation/2645471/en/manifestation/2645471
– Nektar proxy calledNektar proxy called
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Resolving the URL of documentsResolving the URL of documents
Nektar proxyNektar proxy– Java servlet (substitution of LibriUrl)Java servlet (substitution of LibriUrl)– It doesIt does
• Loging into LibriVision and getting session idLoging into LibriVision and getting session id• Searching for the manifestation id and getting Searching for the manifestation id and getting
query id, etcquery id, etc• Sending present request and getting the search Sending present request and getting the search
result pageresult page• Creating the final HTML pageCreating the final HTML page
– Replacing URL-s, filling in the header, etcReplacing URL-s, filling in the header, etc
Resolving the URL of a documentHTML is requested
LibriVision (OPAC)
Nektar proxy (Servlet)
Response HTMLRequest
WebserverContent negotiation
OPAC extended viewtext/html accepted
/hu/manifestation/2645471
SessionId
/resource/manifestation/2645471
/hu/manifestation/2645471
Loging in Searching QueryId
Final OPAC record
View Raw OPAC record
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Resolving the URL of authority dataResolving the URL of authority data
Sample URL of an authority record Sample URL of an authority record /resource/auth/33589/resource/auth/33589
RDF is requestedRDF is requested– Jena is searched via the Joseki SPARQL Jena is searched via the Joseki SPARQL
endpointendpoint– RDF/XML is given backRDF/XML is given back
Resolving the URL of authority dataRDF is requested
JenaJoseki SPARQL endpoint
Response RDF/XMLRequest
WebserverContent negotiation
FOAF or SKOS in RDF/XMLRDF+XML accepted
SPARQL
/resource/auth/33589
/data/auth/33589
FOAF or SKOS in RDF/XML
Application program (PHP) XSLT
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Resolving the URL of authority dataResolving the URL of authority data
Sample URL of an authority record Sample URL of an authority record /resource/auth/33589/resource/auth/33589
HTML is requestedHTML is requested– Jena is searched via the Joseki SPARQL Jena is searched via the Joseki SPARQL
endpointendpoint– RDF/XML is given backRDF/XML is given back– XSLT creates the HTML pageXSLT creates the HTML page
Resolving the URL of authority dataHTML is requested
JenaJoseki SPARQL endpoint
Response HTMLRequest
WebserverContent negotiation
FOAF or SKOS in HTMLtext/html accepted
SPARQL
/resource/auth/33589
/auth/33589
FOAF or SKOS in RDF/XML
Application program (PHP) XSLT
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Current activitiesCurrent activities
Improving RDFDCImproving RDFDC– Making RDFDC 100% compliant with the Making RDFDC 100% compliant with the
DCMI Metadata TermsDCMI Metadata Terms• Proper usage of dc:creator and dcterms:creatorProper usage of dc:creator and dcterms:creator• Better conversion of title and publisherBetter conversion of title and publisher
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Current activitiesCurrent activities
Improving SKOSImproving SKOS– Inserting UDC equivalent of Concepts Inserting UDC equivalent of Concepts – Inserting USE AND and other relationshipsInserting USE AND and other relationships– Inserting coordinates of geographical Inserting coordinates of geographical
namesnames
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Current activitiesCurrent activities
Improving FOAFImproving FOAF– Including organisationsIncluding organisations
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Current activitiesCurrent activities
VIAFVIAF– Creating links from our FOAF to VIAFCreating links from our FOAF to VIAF
Studying VirtuosoStudying Virtuoso– Jena might be changed to VirtuosoJena might be changed to Virtuoso
FRBRising the OPACFRBRising the OPAC
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FRBRising the OPACFRBRising the OPAC
MethodMethod– Collecting works, expressions and Collecting works, expressions and
manifestations from the „MARC dump” of manifestations from the „MARC dump” of our catalogueour catalogue
– Creating RDF representations based on Ian Creating RDF representations based on Ian Davis: Expression of Core FRBR Concepts Davis: Expression of Core FRBR Concepts in RDFin RDF
– Loading the RDF representations into JenaLoading the RDF representations into Jena– Showing the work tree based on Showing the work tree based on
manifestation idmanifestation id
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FRBRising the OPACFRBRising the OPAC
Scope (at first)Scope (at first)– Printed monographsPrinted monographs
• Excluding multivolumeExcluding multivolume
– This is a „post” FRBRisationThis is a „post” FRBRisationUsageUsage
– OPAC/Extended view/Link to the work treeOPAC/Extended view/Link to the work treeFirst resultsFirst results
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Current activitiesCurrent activities
Digital Library: OSZKDKDigital Library: OSZKDK– Mainly contains deposit copiesMainly contains deposit copies– It is also published as LODIt is also published as LOD
OAI-ORE is being implemented as a OAI-ORE is being implemented as a container of structural metadatacontainer of structural metadata– Used parts: resource map, aggregationUsed parts: resource map, aggregation– Used vocabularies: DC, BIBOUsed vocabularies: DC, BIBO– It is in test phase nowIt is in test phase now
Thing
http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/resource/DRJ/404
RDF
303 redirectand
Contentnegotiation
applicatoin/rdf+xml wins text/html wins
Content location:http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/data/DRJ/404
Content location:http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/DRJ/404
HTML
DIGITAL DOCUMENTS (books,journals, etc.)
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Planned discovery of OAI-OREPlanned discovery of OAI-ORE
„„Link rel” in the head of the OPAC of Link rel” in the head of the OPAC of OSZKDKOSZKDK– <link rel="meta" <link rel="meta"
type="application/rdf+xml" type="application/rdf+xml" title=„OAI-ORE resource map" title=„OAI-ORE resource map" href="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/rem/drj/869" />href="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/rem/drj/869" />
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One resource map of test OSZKDKOne resource map of test OSZKDK
<rdf:Description <rdf:Description rdf:about="rdf:about="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/rem/drj/876http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/rem/drj/876">"> < <rdf:typerdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/termsrdf:resource="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms//ResourceMapResourceMap"/>"/>
<<dcterms:modifieddcterms:modified rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#drdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#date">2010-04-07</dcterms:modified>ate">2010-04-07</dcterms:modified>
<<dcterms:creatordcterms:creator rdf:resource="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/"/>rdf:resource="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/"/>
<<ore:describes ore:describes rdf:resource="rdf:resource="http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/aggr/drj/876http://oszkdk.oszk.hu/aggr/drj/876"/>"/>
</rdf:Description></rdf:Description>