Post on 15-Feb-2017
Frontal Lobe
The frontal lobes are the largest lobes and occur on the top front halves of the cerebral hemispheres. The primary motor cortex is at the back of the frontal lobes. It runs across the top of the brain from left to right.
Specific areas of the motor cortex are responsible for the movement of particular body parts.
· Right Controls Left/Left Controls Right· Top Controls Bottom/Bottom Controls Top
Motor homunculus— represents the body parts in terms of the relative size of the area each of body part occupies along the primary
motor cortex.
Association Areas in Frontal Lobe
Broca’s Area: the “Speech Production Centre” is part of the association cortex. It is located in the left frontal lobe and is involved with the production of clear, fluent speech. Broca’s area helps us with the structure of sentences and parts of speech such as adjectives, prepositions and conjunctions. Broca’s area is involved with analysing the grammatical structure of sentences that we hear as well as those that we speak.
Other association cortex in the frontal lobes is involved in• Reasoning • Planning • Thinking
Parietal Lobe
The parietal lobes are located on the top central part of the brain. Primary Areas in the Parietal Lobes – The Primary Somatosensory CortexThe primary somatosensory cortex is at the rear of the central fissure, immediately opposite the primary motor cortex.The primary somatosensory cortex registers the sense of touch, by receiving information about pressure, pain, temperature, muscle movement and position from sensory receptors around the body
It is divided by the longitudinal fissure that separates the two hemispheres.
Specific areas of the primary somatosensory cortex receive sensations from particular parts of the body.· Right Receives From Left/Left Receives From Right· Top Receives From Bottom/Bottom Receives From Top
Sensory homunculus—Similar to motor homunculus but it tells the brain how much power is needed for sensory
perception of different body parts.
Association Areas in Parietal Lobe
The association cortex of the parietal lobes is important in
Integrating visual information Monitoring the body’s position in space Determining where objects are located in space.
Temporal Lobe
Primary Area in the Temporal Lobes – The Primary Auditory Cortex
Auditory – sound – information is sent to the primary auditory cortex, located slightly above and in front of the ears.
Association Areas in Temporal Lobe
Wernicke’s area - the “Speech Reception Centre” is part of the association cortex. It is located in the left temporal lobe and is involved with the reception and comprehension of speech.
* Stores the receptor codes for language or enables comprehension of speech/language* Enables interpretation of the written word* Is used for locating words from memory to express a particular meaning* Is used for creating meaningful and/or grammatically correct speech
Other association cortex of the temporal lobes is important in
Memory - the ability to remember faces Storing of episodic memories such as our first day at school or a particular holiday
Recognition of objects
Occipital Lobe
Primary Area in the Occipital Lobes – The Primary Visual Cortex
Visual information from the eyes is sent to the Primary Visual Cortex in the occipital lobe at the back of each cerebral
hemisphere.
Association Areas in Occipital Lobe
The association cortex of the occipital lobes is important in
Selection, organisation and integration of features of visual stimuli.