Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Bio 3411 Wednesday

September 22, 2010

September 22, 2010 1Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Reading

THE BRAIN ATLAS: p 10

2Lecture VII. CNS PatterningSeptember 22, 2010

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 3

Selected References:

† Benito-Gutierrez, E., & Arendt, D. (2009). CNS evolution: new insight from the mud. Curr Biol, 19(15), R640-642.Hamilton, W. J., Boyd, J. D., & Mossman, H. W. (1972). Hamilton, Boyd and Mossman's human embryology; prenatal development of form and function (4th ed.). Cambridge,: Heffer.†Hartenstein, V. (1993). Atlas of Drosophila Development.Kandel, E. R., Schwartz, J. H., & Jessell, T. M. (2000). Principles of neural science (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill, Health Professions Division.Chapter 52, pp 1019-1040.†Puelles, L. (2009). Forebrain Development: Prosomere Model. in: New Encyclopedia of Neuroscience. Amsterdam: Elsevier.Ranson, S. W., & Clark, S. L. (1959). The anatomy of the nervous system; its development and function (10th ed.). Philadelphia,: Saunders.––––––––––––––

†(pdfs on course websites: [http://artsci.wustl.edu/~bio3411/] & [http://www.nslc.wustl.edu/courses/Bio3411/bio3411.html]

What the last Lecture was about

• General mechanisms for assembling neurons and groups of neurons 

• Diffusion vs Contact

• Attraction vs Repulsion 

• Examples of impacts of contact 

• Examples of impacts of diffusion

• Specification by growth factors

• The chemoaffinity hypothesis

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 4

What this Lecture is about

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 5

• The Initiation of the Central Nervous System 

• CNS Growth and Pattern Development

• Bug Brains

• Several Mechanisms for Directing the Show (scripts conserved)

• How did vertebrate and invertebrate patterns arise?

September 22, 2010 6Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Recap of Early Embryogenesis

September 22, 2010 7Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Ranson & Clark (1959)

September 22, 2010 8Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 9Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 10Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

From Tube to Brain

September 22, 2010 11Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 12

THE BRAIN ATLAS 3rded, p.10

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 13

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 14

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 15

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 16

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 17

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 18

Hamilton, Boyd, & Mossman (1972)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 19

From Fly Egg to Fly Brain

September 22, 2010 20Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Hartenstein (1993)

September 22, 2010 21Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Hartenstein (1993)

September 22, 2010 22Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Hartenstein (1993)

September 22, 2010 23Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Hartenstein (1993)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 24

Segmentation and Signals

September 22, 2010 25Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 26Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 27Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 28Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

29September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 30

Kandel, Schwartz, & Jessell (2000)

September 22, 2010 31Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Ancient Choice?

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 32

Benito-Gutierrez & Arendt, (2009)

September 22, 2010 33Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

Benito-Gutierrez & Arendt, (2009)

What this Lecture was about

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 34

• The Initiation of the Central Nervous System 

• CNS Growth and Pattern Development

• Bug Brains

• Several Mechanisms for Directing the Show (scripts conserved)

• How did vertebrate and invertebrate patterns arise?

Reflections

• Early events initiating the nervous system

• Beginning the sculpture – proliferation and death mechanisms

• Signals for functional and connectional specificity – contact, distance, for or against

• The pattern and organization emerges

• Generalizations made but questions unanswered

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 35

Sequential Restrictions (Refinements) are the Bases for Development (and plasticity)

September 22, 2010 36Lecture VII. CNS Patterning

pluripotent, stem cell

differentiated

genetic

environmental

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 37

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 38

http://embryo.soad.umich.edu/

September 22, 2010 Lecture VII. CNS Patterning 39

Finis