Lecture 8 – 10/3/12: Views from Europe, the Far West & 1862 Strategy  Europe & Its Relationship with the US – What’s at stake?

Trent Affair – November – December 1861

War from the Far Western Perspective - Confederates in the far WestWar in Indian Country – Cherokees Divided --Stand Watie / Chief John

Ross How Native Americans Tried to Capitalize on Chaos of War -- Minnesota

Sioux [1862]

186162: The Importance of Water! to continue 1861 strategyUnion river victories in Western Thtr. – [TN] The Tennessee &

CumberlandForts Henry & Donelson [Febr.] Nashville, ShilohStriking Down the Mississippi Memphis [June]Coming Up the Mississippi New Orleans [April]

Eastern Battle of the Ironclads in Eastern Thtr. Monitor – Virginia [March 1862], Hampton Roads, VirginiaMcClellan’s Peninsular Campaign [May – June 1862]

Napoleon III

Lord Palmerston

Queen Victoria

James Mason [VA] Minister to Great Britain

John Slidell[LA]Minister to France

Trent Affair

Charles Francis AdamsUS diplomat to England

“One war at a time”

Stand Watie Chief John Ross

The Civil War divided the Cherokee Nation

Union Plan in Action (in 1861):1) Gain Control of Mississippi River -- secure MO for confluence of big rivers there. 2) Blockade Coast – build and commission ships for blockade duty, gain an early foothold on Atlantic coast, try to enforce an incomplete blockade and convince Europe of its importance – Trent Affair.3)Protect Washington DC and border states – early military activity in western VA (making West VA), MO, habeus corpus issues in MD.4) Take Richmond – Battle of Manassas / Bull Run

Union Plan in Action (in 1862):1) Gain Control of Mississippi River – Western River campaigns in Spring and Summer, capture key river cities – Memphis, New Orleans!2) Blockade Coast – Strengthen blockade squadron 3)Protect Washington DC and border states – military engagements with the Confederates (Effective Stonewall Jackson) in the Shenandoah Valley4) Take Richmond – Battle of the Ironclads, McClellan’s failed Peninsula Campaign

The conquest of TN by waterForts Henry & Donelson February 1862

Using Water in the East too!McClellan’s route to Richmond – switch things up by sea, then land.

Monitor vs Virginia – March 1862

Fort Monroe, VA:Tip of the lower Peninsula