Learning Targets“I Can…”

-Draw a water molecule and label the atoms and their partial charges.

-Distinguish between adhesion and cohesion.

-Define “polarity.”

-Observe that molecules are in a constant state of motion because they have energy.

CHEMISTRY

A Brief Summary

All living things are composed of chemicals. What makes up chemicals?

1. Atomsa. Protons (+)

b. Neutrons (Neutral)

c. Electrons (-)

d. Both protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus. The number of protons is the atomic number.

All living things are composed of chemicals. What makes up chemicals?

2. Elements: substance that contains one kind of atom

Important elements in biology . . .

C H O P K N S Ca Fe Mg

All living things are composed of chemicals. What makes up chemicals?

3. Molecules: chemical units resulting from the combination of elements

What do cells need to survive?

1. Inorganic chemicals; the most important is WATER!

a. Water is found in our cells and surrounding our cells.

What do cells need to survive?

1. Inorganic chemicals; the most important is WATER!

b. Water is polar because atoms are shared unevenly.

What do cells need to survive?

c. Water forms hydrogen bonds

What do cells need to survive?

d. Polar molecules are attracted to other polar molecules

What do cells need to survive?

2. Organic chemicals

a. All contain carbon

What do cells need to survive?

What do cells need to survive?b. They are also called macromolecules because they are so large.

i. Carbohydrates (polar)

ii. Lipids (nonpolar)

iii. Proteins

iv. Nucleic Acids

References

• http://www.sp.uconn.edu/~terry/images/mols/atomfig5.html

• http://encarta.msn.com/media_461556496_761567432_-1_1/water_molecule.html

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CT4pURpXkbY