Post on 02-Aug-2020
Screening assays
Lateral flow immunoassay.
Currentpract ice
Newtechnologies
Urinesample
obtained
1–2 h 24 h 48 h
Flow cytometry.
insitu Quick
Adapting clinical molecular platforms
MALDI–TOF mass spectrometry.
Fluorescence in situ hybridization.
Multiplex PCR.
Biosensors, microfluidics, and lab on a chip technology.
UNI
Cur
rent
out
put (
nA)
EB EC PM PA EF NC 0 0.25 0.5 1 2 40
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000C. koseri ciprofloxacin MIC ≤ 0.25 (sensitive)Ca
Ba
A
Bb Bc Bd
Cb E. coli ciprofloxacin MIC > 4 (resistant)
UNI
Cur
rent
out
put (
nA)
EB EC PM PA EF NC 0 0.25 0.5 1 2 40
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
UNI EB EC PM
16S rRNA probes
Ciprofloxacin concentration (μg/ml)
PA EF NC PC
0 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 NC PC
16S rRNAcapture–detectorprobes complex
Recognitionelement
PathogenID
MIC
EnterobacteriaceaeEscherichia coli Proteus mirabilis P. aeruginosaEnterococcus faecalis
Citrobacter koseri Enterobacteriacea
E.coli
et al.Trends Pharmacol. Sci.32et al.Eur. Urol. Focus
Drugtrials
Viabilityindicator Bacterial
solution
Spacer plugCarrierfluid
0.2 mg/l trials 0.0 mg/l trials
Spacer seperatesdifferent drug trials
Ab
C
Fluo
resc
ence
incr
ease
(au)
0
20
40
60
80
100
0.0 0.0
CFX concentration (mg/l)0.2 1.0 2.0 4.0 8.0 24.0
10
47
11
22
13
20 16 30 48 5274 43 75
Bb
AD
P ph
oton
cou
nt
Time (ms)
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Droplet generation
Droplet detectionBacteriagrowth
Indicator andantibiotic inlet
20 μm
2mm
InletOil inlet Droplet incubationAa Ba
100 μm
100 μm
Antibiotics
A A′
A′
Antibiotics
Bacterial cells onthe bottom of the channel areimmobilizedby agarose
Microfluidicchannel Time lapse
single-cell imaging
Plasticchip
Film
Diff usion
erial are
eose
Staphylococcus aureus n et al. Lab Chip 8
et al.
et al.Sci. Transl Med.6
7
1 7 3
1 7 32 9
2 0
3 8
2 8
5 2
3 7 2
11
3 8 7
10
6
8
1 21
6 0
3 5
41
61
4 5
101
1 8 6
11 7
4
4 2
3 4
4 3
4 5
5 7
3 3
70
3 8
1 8 2
5 3
7 7
11
7 8
4 9
4 4 8
4 5 6
5 4
9 2
2 2
1 3
11
7
4 4 0
1 5
8
6 7
2 7
3 3
4 3
3 4
8 3
5 9
4 9
4 8
9
61
6
5 3
10
3
3 3
41
8 2
1 5
51
4 8
5 0
7 8
1 4
4 0
4 3
3 6 5
1
2 3 9
6
7 4
5 3
51
5 4
51
51
2 7
1 4 8
51
3 4
9 8
1 91
7 9
3 70
1 4
8 7
3 9 8
3 5
1 8 5
1 9
1 6
4 4 2
3 2
9
1 3 3
1 4
1 41
5 2
1 8 2
1 3 8
6
5 7
9
5
2 6
1 5
2 2
9
2 7
2 6
1 3
6
1 2
8 2
8 5
11
8
1 2
6
11
1 3
1 7
1 2
8 6
10 9
8 7
1 2
Acknowle d geme nt s
Aut hor cont r ibut ions
Comp e t ing int e re s t s s ta t e ment
Author biographies
Competing interests statement
Permission information
et al. Trends Pharmacol. Sci.32
et al.Eur. Urol. Focus
et al.Lab Chip8et al.
et al.Sci. Transl Med.6
Subject ontology terms
ToC blurb
000 New and developing diagnostic technologies for urinary tract infectionsMichael Davenport, Kathleen E. Mach, Linda M. Dairiki ShortliƑe, Niaz Banaei, Tza-Huei Wang and Joseph C. Liao
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