Language Progression from Breakthrough through Preliminary to Intermediate 25 th June 2011 Yan Hua...

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Language Progressionfrom Breakthrough through Preliminary to Intermediate

25th June 2011

Yan HuaHead of Chinese, Oundle School

Principal Examiner, Edexcel GCSE ChinesePrincipal Examiner, CIE GCE Chinese

Examiner & Item Writer, Asset Languages Chinese

Progression

Breakthrough

Preliminary

Lower Intermediate is more or less equivalent to GCSE.

Intermediate

Advanced

Progression

Advanced

Intermediate

Preliminary

Breakthrough

Asset award learners for what they can do through the stages.

It can help to motivate if learners understand the progression.

泳衣是红色的。

她很好看 。

Breakthrough

她穿红泳衣。

我觉得她很漂亮。

Preliminary

照片上的女孩穿着一件红色泳衣。

她每次游泳都喜欢穿红色泳衣,

她觉得红色泳衣很适合她。

大家都说她穿红色泳衣的时候最漂亮。

Intermediate / GCSE

这是一张广告照片,广告是要促销一种营养早餐。很明显,广告的受众主要是年轻女性。广告好像是要说服她们,如果选择使用这个产品,她们就能像照片上的女性一样拥有娇美的容颜和苗条的身材。

近几年,这个广告铺天盖地,电视上,报纸上,杂志上,网络上,随处可见。广告效果确实不错,统计表明,这个品牌的早餐的销量在逐年增加。但是,食用这个早餐就真有那么好的效果吗?广告毕竟是广告,其目的只是宣传促销。,

Pre-U

Marking Criteria

Asset Languages Speaking/Writing skills are assessed in 2 areas:

how successful the candidates are at getting their points across and how much information they provide on correct completion of the task.

the range of vocabulary, sentence structure and grammatical control in the speaking / writing.

Communication

Language

Communication

Candidates are expected to communicate the main points of the task.

Responses are SOMETIMES extended.

Candidates are expected to communicate the main points of the task.

Responses should go beyond basic factual information to include details and description, personal opinions and justifications.

At Breakthrough / Preliminary Stage

At Intermediate / GCSE Stage

Language

Candidates are expected to use survival vocabulary. At Breakthrough Stage

At Preliminary Stage

At Intermediate/GCSE Stage

Their vocabulary should enable them to give and seek information that they need.

They should have built up adequate vocabulary to convey simple opinions and/or points of view.

Language

At Intermediate/GCSE Stage

Examiners will be looking out for accurate use of long, complex sentences using conjunctions.

Examiners will be impressed and therefore award higher marks if candidates can use a wide range of sentence types, not the same one repeated with key words changed.

Higher marks will also be awarded to candidates who can use a wide range of timeframes successfully.

Language

Tips for higher marks

• use comparatives with 比 and superlatives with 最 .

• use more extended sentence structures with conjunctions such as

因为…,所以… (Preliminary)

要是 (Preliminary)

但是 (Preliminary)

又…,又… (Intermediate)

一边…,一边… (Intermediate)

虽然…,但是… (Intermediate)

etc.

Language

Tips for higher marks

• use the 的 structure. ‘The fish that mum cooked’ 妈妈做的鱼 .

• use different timeframes - some useful structures, such as:

以前… , 现在… 我以前是工人,现在是老师。

… 以前 吃饭以前 , 睡觉以前

… 的时候 工作的时候 , 休息的时候

… 以后 放学以后 , 下班以后 , 大学毕业以后

Language

Character writing is accurate enough for the meaning to be clear (with considerable / some effort from the reader).

Character writing should be generally accurate.

At Breakthrough / Lower Preliminary Stage

At Upper Preliminary / Intermediate Stage

The expectation for accuracy of character writing

The Format of the Breakthrough Speaking Test

The Format of the Preliminary Speaking Test

1. Open Interaction

2. Picture Discussion

3. Presentation and Follow-up Discussion

The 3 Task Types in GCSE Speaking Exam

• It is an unscripted role-play in response to a stimulus.

• ‘Interaction' is the key word in this particular task type. Candidates are expected to ask at least two questions effectively where appropriate to demonstrate their ability to 'interact’.

• Edexcel produces a range of stimuli for centres to use. Teachers can adapt these or produce their own.

• The stimulus is meant to provide both context and purpose.

GCSE Speaking Task Type 1 – Open Interaction

• Students provide the picture/photo. It relates to something they have interest or involvement in.

• They may start with a short initial presentation to introduce their picture. Or we can start by asking them something like ‘ 你先告诉我 ,你为什么要选择这张照片?’ .

• After then we may ask some straightforward questions which are directly related to the picture, and then move on to some extended questions which are not so closely related to the picture but are of the same theme.

GCSE Speaking Task Type 2 – Picture Discussion

• Students decide what presentation to give. We may accompany the presentation task with specific instructions to support them. (e.g. Your presentation should include reference to ...)

• After students finish the presentation, we start to ask questions. The questions we ask should be linked to the presentation.

• We need to know the content of their presentation prior to the CA so that we can plan to ask suitable questions to enable us to interact effectively with students.

GCSE Speaking Task Type 3 – Presentation & Follow-up Discussion

How long are Asset tests per stage per skills?

Asset BRK Speaking – Compare Pictures

Picture A for the examiner

Picture B for the candidate

Learn how to ask the questions in Chinese. Translate the answers into English.

1. Where is the cat?

2. What time is it now?

猫在哪儿? Māo zài nǎer?e.g. 猫在 zhuōzi xiàmian.

现在几点了? Xiànzài jǐ diǎn le?e.g. 现在 sān 点了 .

3. What’s the weather like today?

4. What’s in the picture?

今天天气怎样? Jīntiān tiānqì zěnyàng? e.g. 今天是 qíng 天 .

画上是什么? Huà shàng shì shénme? e.g. 画上是 yì zhī huā.

Learn how to ask the questions in Chinese. Translate the answers into English.

5. What’s mum doing?

7.How many trees are there outside the window?

8. What’s the colour of the bag?

妈妈在做什么? Māma zài zuò shénme? e.g. 妈妈在 kànshū.

窗外有几棵树? Chuāngwài yŏu jĭ kē shù?e.g. 窗外有 sān 棵树 .

包是什么颜色? Bāo shì shénme yánsè?e.g. 包是 lán 色 .

6. What is outside the window?

窗外有什么? Chuāngwài yŏu shénme?e.g. 窗外有 lóufáng.

桌子下面有一只猫。

Zhuōzi xiàmiàn yǒu yī zhǐ gǒu. 狗

苹果在桌子上。 Píngguǒ zài yǐzi shàng. 椅子

女孩在听音乐。 Nǚhái zài huà huà er. 画 画 儿

女孩在看书。 Nǚhái zài xiězì. 写字

dài zhe

男人戴着 帽子。 Nánrén méi dài màozi. 没 戴

dài zhe

沙发上的女孩戴着眼镜。 Shāfā shàng de nǚhái méi dài yǎnjìng. 没 戴

男孩的头发很长。

Nánhái de tóufǎ hěn duǎn. 短

jīn sè

女孩的头发是金色的。 Nǚhái de tóufǎ shì hēisè de. 黑 色

沙发是红色的。 Shāfā shì huángsè de. 黄 色

桌子上有四本书。 Zhuōzi shàng yǒu liǎng běn shū. 两

地板上有一个茶杯。

Dìbǎn shàng yǒu liǎng gè chá bēi. 两

墙上有一幅画, shù

画上是一束花 。

Qiáng shàng yǒu yī fú huà,

huà shàng shì yī gè nǚrén. 一 个 女 人

Huà shàng shì yī zhī huā.

Huà shàng shì yī gè xiǎohái. child

shù

窗外有树 。 Chuāngwài yǒu lóufáng. 楼 房

wǎn

现在是晚上 。 Xiànzài shì zǎoshang. 早 上

今天是阴天。 Jīntiān shì qíngtiān. 晴 天

yī běn shū

男孩手里有一本书。 Nánhái shǒu li yǒu yī bēi chá. 一 杯 茶

爸爸和女儿在一起。 Bàba hé érzi zài yīqǐ. 儿子

妈妈和儿子在一起。 Māma hé nǚér zài yīqǐ.

男孩和狗在一起。 Nánhái hé māo zài yīqǐ.

男孩和女孩一起看电视 。

Nánhái hé nǚhái yīqǐ tīng yīnyuè.

男孩在 玩 滑 板 。 wán huá bǎn

Nánhái zài dǎ wǎngqiú.

Asset PRE Speaking – Talk about a Picture

请说说照片上有些什么人?请说说照片上是什么地方?照片的人在做什么?他们穿什么衣服?

你喜欢去市中心吗?为什么?你通常怎么去市中心?走路吗?你通常和谁一起去市中心?你通常去哪儿买衣服?

他去北京。

These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’.

我是前年去的北京。

他明天要去北京。

他去北京。

Breakthrough

他要去北京。

Preliminary

他明天要去北京。

他去北京了。

我是前年去的北京。

Intermediate / GCSE

他在图书馆。他可能在图书馆。

我去过图书馆。我没看见他在图书馆。

These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’.

他在图书馆。

Preliminary

Intermediate / GCSE

Breakthrough

他可能在图书馆。

我去过图书馆。我没看见他在图书馆。

我喜欢踢足球,也喜欢打篮球。

我觉得踢足球比打篮球有意思。

我觉得打篮球没有踢足球好玩儿。

These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’.

我喜欢踢足球,也喜欢打篮球。

我觉得踢足球比打篮球有意思。

我觉得打篮球没有踢足球好玩儿。

Breakthrough

Preliminary

Intermediate / GCSE

我喜欢音乐。

我常常用手机听音乐。

我喜欢一边跑步 ,一边听音乐。

These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’.

Breakthrough我喜欢音乐。

Preliminary我常常用手机听音乐。

Intermediate / GCSE

我喜欢一边跑步 ,一边听音乐。

我常常在电视上看比赛,

有时候也跟朋友一起去足球馆看比

赛。

我喜欢看足球比赛。

我觉得去足球馆看比赛比在电视上看比赛更有意思。

These sentence structures are in different levels of difficulty. Put them in the order from ‘easy’ to ‘difficult’.

Breakthrough

我常常在电视上看比赛,有时候也跟朋友一起去足球馆看比赛。

Intermediate / GCSE

我喜欢看足球比赛。

Preliminary

我觉得去足球馆看比赛比在电视上看比赛更有意思。

Breakthroug

h

Preliminary

长大以后,我希望能跟鲁尼一样做足球明星。

我们家有花园。

我正在花园踢足球。

Intermediate / GCSE

My house has a garden.

I am playing football in the garden.

I hope I can be a football star like Rooney when I grow up.

我喝牛奶。

我想买一瓶牛奶。

我没有买牛奶,我买了一瓶果汁。

我想喝热牛奶,我不能喝冷牛奶。

I drink milk.

I want to buy a bottle of milk.

I didn’t buy milk. I bought a bottle of fruit juice.

I want to drink hot milk. I can’t drink cold milk.

BRK:

PRE:

PRE:

PRE:

What level are they?

我看电视。

Preliminary

Breakthrough

我常常和妹妹一起看电视。

Talk about the photo in the required level.

Breakthrough Stage

Preliminary Stage

男厕所在这儿,女则所在那儿。

男厕所在礼堂 ( 的 ) 左边,女则所在礼堂 ( 的 ) 右边。

礼堂男厕所 女厕所

Talk about the photo in the required level.

Breakthrough Stage

法文教室 德文教室中文教室

Preliminary Stage

中文教室很小,法文教室很大。

法文教室比中文教室大。

Intermediate Stage

法文教室比中文教室大一点儿。

法文教室很大,德文教室比法文教室更大。

What level are these sets of questions?

A 你的朋友叫什么名字?她多大了?她喜欢做什么?她喜欢什么颜色?她喜欢吃什么 ? 你和她在一起喜欢做什么?

B 你有很多朋友吗?谁是你最好的朋友 ? 你朋友家在城里,还是乡下?他住你家附近吗?你经常上他家玩吗?你通常怎么去他家?走路吗?你喜欢和朋友一起去买东西吗?你们喜欢买什么?他想上大学吗?他想在大学学习什么?大学毕业以后他想做什么?

Asset Speaking _ BRK

Asset Speaking _ PRE

What level are these sets of questions?

C 照片上的这个男孩是谁?你最要好的朋友就是他吗?照片上,你们在一起做什么?你们认识多少年了?你们是怎么认识的?他家离你家远不远?你们有什么共同的爱好没有?周末你要是和朋友在一起,你们通常喜欢做什么?上次你们一起出去的时候,你们去了哪儿?你是喜欢和朋友一起出国旅游,还是喜欢和家人一起出国旅游?为什么?

D 你朋友是做什么的?你们是怎么认识的?朋友对你来说很重要吗?为什么?平常,朋友对你帮助有多大?他们通常会给你什么样的帮助?你更喜欢征求谁的意见,朋友的,还是家长的?为什么会这样?毕业以后,你会和校友保持联系吗?为什么想保持联系?

GCSE

Pre-U

我有一狗。

我们家有二个厕所。

我不有姐姐。

中国是大。

她是六十岁。

我有一只狗。

我们家有两个厕所。

我没有姐姐。

中国很大。

她六十岁。

Common errors

你想不想来我家吃晚饭吗?

他去上海星期三。

我学中文在北京。

昨天我们去爬山在农村。

还有在去左,就是面包店。

剧院是近在快餐店。

中国比英国很大。

你想不想来我家吃晚饭?

他星期三去上海。

昨天我们去农村爬山。

我在北京学中文。

再往左拐,就是面包店。

剧院在快餐店附近。

Common errors

中国比英国大。