Post on 05-Dec-2014
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Landforms & Landscapes processes
Landscape.Landscapes are the visible features of a land.
Landscapes in an area can be the water bodies, mountains etc.
In this photo the sea, mountain, trees are the landscapes.
Landforms.
Landforms are the geomorphic feature on the surface of the earth, ranging from large-scale features such as plains, plateaus, and mountains to minor features such as hills, valleys, and alluvial fans.
WeatheringWeathering is the decomposition of rocks to
form smaller particles.Weathering is divided into two: Chemical weathering: Weathering of rocks in
which chemicals play an important role. Mechanical weathering: weathering of rocks
in which physical components play an important role.
Mechanical weatheringProcesses of mechanical weathering:Freeze thawSalt crystal growthDisintegrationPressure release.
Chemical weathering. Processes of chemical weathering:Carbonation solutionHydrolysisHydrationoxidation
Surface featuresThe term karst refers to well developed
features on dry lime stone. There are two types of karst:
1. Cockpit karst2. Tower karst
Tower karst Cockpit karst
River processesIn rivers the erosion occur in these
processes:1. Abrasion- the wearing away of the bed and
bank by load carried by a river2. Attrition- the wearing away of the load
carried by the river which creates smaller particles like gravel and small stones.
3. Hydraulic action- the force of air and water on the sides of the river.
Factors affecting erosion1. Load- the heavier the particles carried more
the rate of erosion2. Velocity- more the velocity more the power.3. Human impact- production of dams, bridges
etc.
wavesSwash is the movement of water up the
beach.Backwash is the movement of water down the
beach.There are two types of waves: destructive wave: 1. Have short wavelength2. High height3. Low period of waves4. More back wash5. Caused by local winds
Constructive waves:1. Long wavelength2. Low height3. Low frequency4. High period of waves5. Swash is more6. Caused by winds formed in distances7. Low energy waves
Features of marine erosion The erosion in sea rocks are caused because
of the salt water in the sea. Different shapes are formed due to erosion such as:
Stacks Archs Stumps
Coral reefs coral reefs are calcium carbonate structures
made of reef building stony corals. Different types of reefs:1. Fringing reef- grows along the shore.2. Barrier reef- grows away from the shore.3. Atoll reefs- grows on the remains of volcanic
foundations in the sea.