Post on 23-Dec-2015
Lab Management (MLLM-401)
ByDr. Hoda Zaki
Prof. Hospital AdministrationChair Department of Health Administration &Behavioral Sciences
High Institute of Public HealthUniversity of Alexandria
1Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
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Lecture
What is lab Management?
Intended Learning Outcomes (ILOs)
By the end of this lecture the student will be able to :
1. Define the management.
2. Identify the different section of lab.
3. Know the importance organization in lab.
4. Identify the element of lab organization.
Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration 3
Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
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Lecture content
• What is Management?• Managerial Functions• Organizing Clinical Laboratory• Clinical Lab Departments• Clinical Laboratory Personnel
Course Description
The Laboratory management courses address basic issues in the areas of :• Lab organizing & planning• staff selection /Hiring of staff• leadership• Team development• Communication• Management of conflict • Problem solving .
Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration 5
Course Description
The practical exercises:• Discussion group• Role- play
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Overview • Clinical Lab is : – Lab that performs tests used to aid healthcare
professionals diagnose and treat patients
• Clinical Laboratories are a key component of modern medical care.
• Along with Surgery and Imaging, they generate the bulk of an Institution’s revenue.
• Labs are filled with expensive specialized equipment.
What is Management?
• It is a science of / It is an art of: • Getting things done through people.• Achieving objectives through others• Achieving objectives of organization with
people .• The effective use of resources to achieve the
goals of the organization.
8Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
Cont., What is lab Management?
• Laboratory Management. It is, therefore,
“an on going process that seeks to efficient use of
resources achieve the objectives of a medical laboratory”.
The objectives of a medical laboratory are providing its
customers (physicians on behalf of patients) accurate
answers which help to clinical treatment”..
9Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
Cont., What is lab Management?
The main objective of a medical laboratory is satisfy Lab
customers :
Internal customers: lab employees
External customers: patients, physicians, hospitals &
insurance companies
10Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
Cont., What is lab Management?
11Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital Administration
Lab Human resources &Non-human resources
Lab Objectives
Managerial Functions
• Organizing
• Staffing
• Planning
• Directing
• Controlling
• Decision -making12Prof.Dr.Hoda Zaki (MD PHD) Prof. Hospital
Administration
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Organizing Clinical Laboratory
• It means arrangement of human & non human resources in such way that achieve lab objective with maximum efficiency.
• It means dividing the activities of lab into specialized work units & positions & developing methods of coordination among them to achieve lab objective with maximum efficiency.
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Organizing Clinical Laboratory
Lab Department (Lab Sections): • Lab divided into departments based on type
of samples being studied.Lab personnel: job specialization& task lists Organization chart Organization of lab services:
1. Between hospital2. Within the same
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Organizing Clinical Laboratory
Unity of command Span of controlEqual authority & responsibilityCoordination
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Clinical Lab Departments
1- Specimen ProcessingReceive, document & pre-process all samples
2- ChemistryMeasure pH, ion & gas concentrations in blood & urine samples
3- Microbiology– Identify infectious microorganisms
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More Clinical Lab Departments
4- HematologyMeasure blood component concentration and function
5- VirologyIdentify & quantify viruses
6- GeneticsIdentify genetic disorders
7- Pathology– Collect, prepare and analyze tissue samples
Lab Departments
• Specimen Collecting and Processing – includes phlebotomy
Lab Departments
• Chemistry – body fluid components
Lab Departments
• Urinalysis
Lab Departments
• Microbiology – pathogenic microorganisms
Lab Departments
• Hematology – whole blood analysis and coagulation
Lab Departments
• Blood Bank (Immunohematology) – transfusion related testing
Lab Departments
• Serology (Immunology) – antibody studies
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Clinical Laboratory Personnel
1. Lab directors 2. Section supervisors3. Medical technologists (MTs)4. Medical laboratory technicians s (MLTs)5. Phlebotomists & specimen processors 6. Clerks, medical secretaries &archivist7. Laboratory information system (LIS) manager8. Quality Audit personnel
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Lab Director
Qualification of lab director• He/She must be a pathologist or a doctoral scientist .• If a non-pathologist physician or doctoral scientist
appointed as director , he/she must be has to be trained & has experience in areas of analytic testing offered by the lab .
• He/She must have sufficient training and experience in clinical medicine , sciences basic to medicine , clinical lab sciences.
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Responsibilities of Lab Director
1- interpretation , correlation , and communication of lab
data
2- interaction with physicians and/or medical staff ,
patient , administration .
3- monitoring of standard of performance , QC , QI.
4- provision of education programs , planning , research.
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5. ensuring sufficient personnel with adequate documented
training and experience to meet the needs of the lab .
6- he/she must be decision-maker in the selection of all lab
equipment and supplies .• N.B.: If the lab director has delegated some
responsibilities to others , there must be documentation of which individuals are authorized to act on his /her behalf for specific activities .
Responsibilities of Lab Director
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Qualification :• Bachelor degree in chemical or clinical lab / medical
technology science with at least one year experience
Responsibilities:• Is responsible for day-to-day supervision of the lab
operation , as well as personnel performing testing and reporting test results .
GENERAL SUPERVISOR
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Medical technologists (MTs)
Qualification :• Bachelor degree in medical technology
Responsibilities:• Quality control • Preventive maintenance• Lab safety
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Medical laboratory technicians s (MLTs)
Qualification :
• Responsibilities:
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Phlebotomists & specimen processors
Qualification :…………….
Responsibilities:• procure blood specimens
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Clerks, medical secretaries & archivist
Qualification :…………….
Responsibilities:• Receive specimens• Register outpatients• Send specimen to reference lab• Sort patient report
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Laboratory information system (LIS) manager
Qualification :……Responsibilities:• Implementation & maintenance of the LIS• Management of all lab database
Quality Audit Staff
Responsibilities • Performs quality audits– review all aspects of the facility and work
performed• Reports findings to lab director.
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• There must be an organizational chart for the lab .
• Personnel policies must be documented and available to all employees
• The lab should have a complete , functional in-service continuing clinical laboratory education program .
• Personnel records must be maintained on all current employees , the ideal location of personnel files in the lab .
Clinical Lab Personnel
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• Technical personnel records must include of all of the following :
1- summary of training and experience . 2- description of duties . 3- records of continuing education . 4- health record . 5- incident records .The lab must conduct an annual performance review of all
employees.• New employees must be reviewed within 6 months of
employment .
Clinical Lab Personnel
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• Some elements of competency assessment of each person :
1- Direct observation of routine patient test performance , including patient preparation , specimen handling , processing and testing ;
2- Monitoring the recording and reporting of test results ;
3- Review of intermediate test results or worksheet , QC results records ; PT results ; and preventive maintenance .
Clinical Lab Personnel
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4- Direct observation of performance of instrument maintenance and function checks ;
5- Assessment of test performance through testing previously analyzed specimens , internal blind testing samples or external PT samples .
6- Evaluation of problem solving skills .
Clinical Lab Personnel
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Organization of lab services
a)Shared versus stand alone services b) in-house versus outsourcingc) Satellite lab
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Organization of lab services
Shared services means the provision of clinical laboratory testing to several hospitals to save cost without reducing the quality of services.
What are the advantages of shared services? Stand alone services: provide of clinical laboratory
testing to only one hospitals. What are the advantages & disadvantages of stand
alone services?
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Organization of lab services
in-house lab services provide essential services ( expensive to operate & assets are under-utilized)
What are the advantages & disadvantages of in house lab services?Outsourcing lab services : select one or more
lab to provide the required investigation;What are the criteria of outsourcing lab selection?
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Organization of lab services
c) Satellite lab : Located close to an emergency unit or other acute care units.Offers a specialized list of lab tests.What are the advantages of satellite lab?
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Assignment
• What are the organization Chart?• Prepare a presentation shows three different
organization chart for labs.Name of students:• Aisha khadr Ahmed• Sora Eftkhar
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Study Questions:
• What is Lab Management?
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Suggested readings:
• M. Harmening. Laboratory Management: Principles and Processes Denise. 2nd ed.2008
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Thank you