Knorr-Bremse Group

Knorr-Bremse Systems for Commercial Vehicles Indiawelcomes to

Efficient Braking Technologies for Safety improvementFebraury 2013

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

Knorr-Bremse Group

� Metros � Streetcars� Multiple units� High-speed trains� Locomotives� Passenger rail cars� Freight cars

Knorr-Bremse is the world's leading manufacturer of braking systems for rail and commercial vehicles

Answers for a World of Mobility

Rail Vehicle Systems

� Trucks� Buses� Engines� Special vehicles

Commercial Vehicles

│4

Knorr-Bremse Group

Knorr-Bremse (Systems for Commercial and Rail vehicl es)

│5

Facts and Figures

SfN, SfS

Founded: 1905

Employees: Over 20,000

Companies: Over 87

Countries: 29

Divisions:

Systems for Commercial Vehicles (SfN) & Systems for Rail Vehicles (SfS)

Product portfolioWorldwide market and technology leader in braking systems for Commercial Vehicles & Rail Vehicles, torsional vibration dampers, on-board solutions for Rail Vehicles

Experience: Over 100 years of innovation

More than 87 Knorr-Bremse sites in over 29 countrie s

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

Knorr-Bremse Group

Global Drivers for Vehicle Industry

New emission and anti-idling

standards

Traffic safety

Sustainability of the traffic

Global warming

Strictly environment related drivers Society demand

Better products and improved Safety : OE, operator, society

Drivers

Knorr-Bremse Group

Multi-level approach – no one “single good solution”

8

Optimization of the components and the whole conventional drive train system

Introduction of new alternative fuels, drive systems, enhance energy recuperation

Control of vehicle groups on different levels: traffic control, platoon control, fleet control

Knorr-Bremse Group

Traffic safety relevant requirements - Accident stati stics

│9

0

2.000

4.000

6.000

8.000

10.000

12.000

1991 1995 2000 2002 2003 2004Source: Bundesverband Güterkraftverkehr, Logisitik und Entsorgung e.V., BAST

Number of fatal accidents

� Even if the number of fatal accidents drops, commercialvehicle relevant typesremain stable

� Transport volume will increase by 50% by 2010 (Base: 1998)

� EU-target (White Paper 2001): 50% reduction offatalities by 2010

Total accidents

Truck accidents

Transport volume in billions ton km

400

300

350

250

200

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

Knorr-Bremse Group

Global Legislation – ESP & Euro VI Exhaust & Emissio n – Introduction Date

European Legislation

Europe North America Asia South America

� EU:- CO2 Reduction: Commission in

planning process to charge according to actual CO2 emissions

- General focus on road safety :Reduce road casualties to 50% by 2020 (2010 base) and to almost 0% by 2050

� NA (US Driven): - Reduced stopping distance 2-step

implementation: 2011 for 6x4 below 59,600 LBS and 2013 for all other

- Stability on tractors and coaches NPRM (Notice of Proposed Rulemaking) in 2012; final rule 2013-14; implementation 2015-16

- Collision mitigation potential NPRM in 2015-16

- Greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fuel efficiency final rule 2011; voluntary MY 2013; required MY 2014. Phase 2 MY 2018

� Brazil: - Euro V effective 01/2012- ABS / ASA 40% in 2013 / 100% in

2014� JP:

- Collision mitigation (staged) and ESP for HDT trucks from 2014

� CN:- Euro IV expected to be enforced from

2013 onwards- ABS and ADB on front axle for school

bus, bus and dangerous goods

CommentsRegulation Overview (applicable major items)

Truck 8 - 20t

ESP (EU)

20152011 2012 2013 2014

Collision Mitigation EU Phase 1

NA – Shorter stopping distance

CMSJapan

ABS /ASA

Euro VI

Conama P7(Euro V) Brazil

NA – Stability NPRM Final Rule

2016

CO2 (GHG) reduction

Truck > 22t Truck 20 - 22t

Euro IVChina(if enforced)

ESP CIS

Euro V CIS

NA – CO2 (GHG) reduction (phase 1 - up to 2018)

ESP

2017

NA – Collision mitigation NPRM

Post PNLT emission JP

CSA on-going rule modifications

Lane departure warning EU

Collision Mitigation EU Phase 2

Euro IV CIS

1/2 road fatalities

CO2 Japan 12,5% fuel consump. Red.vs 2002

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

│12

Knorr-Bremse Group

Electronic Breaking Systems:

EBS 5

2003

2009

EBS 5.x

EBS 2.x

EBS 1

1993

EBS 2

1996

2001

Modular and flexible system architecture is the ind ustry standard today

│13

Requirements� Reduced application efforts� Enhanced system robustness� Simplification of diagnosis

Knorr-Bremse Group

Driver Assistance Systems Atomatic Emergency Brake System – ACC-Sensor Based

│14

Principle functions- Early warning of driver (e.g. by short brake applic ation) - Reduction of collision energy by full braking at a time where

collision is unavoidable for driver

� Potential: Reduction of collision energy by 50%

Intervention time

Possible vehicle path

Knorr-Bremse Group

Driver Assistance Systems - Automatic Emergency Brak e System –Sensor Fusion Based

│15

Usage of ACC-Radar in combination with camera:Principle functions as before, but

- Reaction on stationary objects (can be identified as relevant objects)- Identification of object size and -orientation (earlier detection of relevant situations)

� Higher mitigation potential

Possible vehicle path

Intervention time

+

Knorr-Bremse Group16

Road Sign Recognition Lane Detection

NightVision Object Detection

• Road Sign Assistance

• Speed Limit Assistance

• Intersection Assistance

• Lane Departure Warning

• Lane Keeping Support

• Object Relevance Decision

• Collision Warning

• ACC Full Speed Range

• Low Speed Following

• Recognition of cutting traffic

• high beam visibility in low beam situations

• increased safety

Driver Assistance Systems - Video-Systems

│16

Knorr-Bremse Group │17

Autonomous Emergency Brake System

Sensor data/features: Multi-stage intervention

� First: warning to the driver (acoustical and/or haptical by brake jerk)� If driver doesn't react on warning => braking with limited deceleration� If driver reacts: improved brake assistant (target braking)� If no reaction and collision unavoidable => full braking�Driver can override system at any time (e.g. by accelerator or steering)� Benefit in CVs higher than in passenger cars due to lower vehicle dynamics and -speed

AEBS pass a development process tailored to safety relevance

Knorr-Bremse Group

Intelligent Vehicle System – Radar, Video and Sensor fusion

│18

Sensor data/features: Data Fusion: Radar with Video for FULL functionality

30°

~50°

FusionRadar

Video

Verification / Detectionwith Video

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

│19

Knorr-Bremse Group

Legislation – there are truck and bus body codes on the way to be implemented defining technical standards supporting according v ehicles development

Commercial

Vehicle

Engine

Certification

Region Fuel 2010 2012 2014 2016 2017

Metro Diesel

Rest of India

Diesel

Country side

Natural gas

│20

Regulation Overview (applicable major items)

Passive SafetyRear End/ Head On/ Frontal & Lateral Collision

2017201520132012

Bus Body Code

Truck Body Code

Extension of ABS regulation from 2006 on all vehicles

� Euro-III , Euro-IV in 11 major cities ► increasing demand for certain KB products such as i.e. Visco dampers

� Prohibition of overloading

BS 3 (Euro 3)

BS 4 (Euro 4)

Euro 5 / Equivalent

Indian Legislation

Knorr-Bremse Group

Indian Current vehicle constraints

Current Indian Vehicles have basic architecture in terms of � Engine Control – Which is mainly Mechanical� Manual Transmissions� Mechanical transmissions control� No close loop architecture for feedback from control

signal� No central Vehicle communication

│21

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

│22

Knorr-Bremse Group

KB ABS has continuously driven innovations towards vehicle safety more than 40 years

1981

ABS

CAN Interface

1995

2004

ABS 6+ESP

1970

Start of R&D

2009ATC

19861990

Speed Limiter

ABS 2xABS Global

family

2000

For more than 40 years …ABS 6

“evolution packages”

ABS 8

2012

│23

Knorr-Bremse Group │24

Functions ABS/ATC/ESPABS/ATCABS

ABS8 – Scalable Function Scope

Costs

ABS/ATC/ESP/EBS-C

ABS8

2 connector

ABS8

4 connector

ABS8

5 connector

CRAM for

ABS only

CRAM for

ABS/ATC

ABS8

3 connector

CRAM for

ABS/ATC/ESP

CRAM for

ABS/ATC /ESP/EBS-C

ESP Sensors

Pressure sensor

Compact

Advanced EBS-C

Compact

Brake Control Evolution

Source: COC

Knorr-Bremse Group

ABS 8 – Fuel Saving Package

│25

ABS 8 with Integrated Air Supply Control (Energy Sa ving Package via APU-Control and clutch compressor)

� Pressure signals from circuit 21 and 22� APU solenoid valves activated by ABS

ECU� Clutch compressor solenoid valves

activated by ABS ECU� Engine speed and engine torque

information (vehicle & driving conditions) via CAN

� ABS 8 ECU with APU control software

Semi electronic APU

Vehicle CAN

Pressure sensors

Solenoid valves

Clutch compressor

Knorr-Bremse Group

ABS 8 – Electronic Brake Force Distribution EBD / EE BD

Function:

� Electronic Brake Force Distribution in conventional brake systems as part of the

ABS function

Target:

� Saving of load sensing valve

Principle:

� Brake pressure limitation at rear axle

based on wheel slip via ABS valves

SOP:

� In Europe since 2000

(>200.000 systems in field)

│26

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Braking Pressure A1 (%)

Bra

king

Pre

ssur

e A2

(%)

pBr-full loadedpBr-partially loadedpBr-unloaded

Knorr-Bremse Group

ABS 8 – Hill-Start-Aid HSA

Scope

� Support drive-off especially in uphill situations

Required HW

� Push-button or switch for activation

� Pressure sensor or pressure switch for driver demand pressure

Function

� Activated by switch (or push-button)

� Keep driver demand brake pressure in wheel brakes to hold vehicle

� Ramp down brake pressure

│27

Knorr-Bremse Group │28

ABS 8 – Compact Rear Axle Module (CRAM)

System layout – conventional ABS/ATC

System layout – ABS/ATC w/ CRAM

Knorr-Bremse Group

ABS8 – Extended Function Packages

│29

Advanced brake functions

� Hill Start Aid � Brake assist � Steering brake� ACC Interface (XBR)

TPMS

� Tire Pressure Monitoring interface

Fuel saving

Intelligent control of: � Semi-electronic APU � Clutch compressor

Electronic leveling control

� Control of 1S/1C ELC system

Drive Stability packages

� ESP� Full trailer ESP� Trailer interface (ISO 11992)� Simplified application (self learn

algorithm)

Enhanced EBD

� Option for the current EBD, with add. Press. sensor

ABS8 – All the features & Advance safety Technologie s of EBS has been integrated.

ABS8

Compact EBS

� Retarder Integration / Endurance brake blending

Knorr-Bremse Group

� Anti-lock Braking System ABS for conventional brake control, specifically optimized for LCV and BRIC

� Integrated additional features

� Electronic Braking System EBS is as well available Integration of further functionalities generated added value for OEM and customers

� Hill-Start-Aid HSA

� Electronic Brake force Distribution (EBD) to save load sensing valve

� Control of EAPU and clutch compressor for improved fuel economy (fuel saving package)

� ELC for air suspended vehicles to further contribute to fuel economy (less air-consumption)

� Compact Rear Axle Module (CRAM) for cost efficient ABS axle-control

│30

KB offers tailored brake control solutions in India ensuring Safety improvement

Knorr-Bremse Group

Index

Knorr Bremse Introduction1

Drivers - Environmental Impact, Transport Sustainab ility & Traffic Safety2

3 Strong Community Push through Legislation in Europe

4 Advance Safety Technologies of Europe

5 Indian Scenario – Basic Architecture

6 Solutions – Step Up Approach for Safety Enhancement

7 Trends & Constraints

Agenda

│31

Knorr-Bremse Group

Today’s brake system: 15 part numbers - 25 parts

│32

1514

13

12

10

9

87

6

5

4

3

21

8

1

1

11

2 1

SN 7

15

14

13

12

11

10

9

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

Hand brake valve

Brake chamber

Clutch pedal

Accelerator pedal

Steering wheel

1K Modul EBS5

ECU

Foot brake valve

Reservoirs

Spring brake actuator

Relay valve

2K Modul EBS5

Compressor

EAC

Knorr-Bremse Group

KB vision Brake System of the Future: 5 part number s - 7 parts

│33

5

4

3

2

1

1

2

5

4

3

2

1 Intelligent Foundation Brake (IFB)

IFB with spring brake module

Input parking brake

Pedal box with steering wheel and ECU

Electrically driven compressor with EAC and reservoirs

Knorr-Bremse Group

KB Concept for the Future Brake System – 3 modules, ad vanced architecture and functionality

│34

Man-machine

Air supply module

Intelligent wheel module

Architecture

�

�

�

�

�

Functionality

Knorr-Bremse Group

Vehicle Platoon for Reduced Fuel Consumption and enhance d safety - Variousmodels being explored

1 m

0,25 L

1 L

30% reduction of the air drag for the complete platoon

14% reduction of air drag for the complete platoon

Average air drag is lower by 30% for an individual member than for a single vehicle

50% lower air drag for one unit in comparison to a single vehicle

│35

Knorr-Bremse Group

San Diego Project as an example of Sustainable Mobi lity – Can be realized on Current technological level.

� More intensive innovation is expected “outside” of the vehicle in order to control the traffic flow (either ad-hoc or region dependent)

� Targets:

– Better utilization of the road infrastructure, toll-road type of solutions

– Significant reduction of fuel consumption and emission

� Necessary technology:

�Electronic brake control

�Driver independent intervention into the steering

�Technology for lane keeping assistance

�Distance control

�GPS technology

�Vehicle-to-vehicle communication

�Unified vehicle control architecture and platform

│36

Knorr-Bremse Group

The confidence of more than a billion people is our incenti ve to make the world a little bit safer in the future too

Answers for a World of Mobility

Mr. Venkat Potturu – Managing Director

KNORR-BREMSE Systems for Commercial Vehicle India P rivate Limited

Phone : + 91 20 6674 6800, Fax: + 91 20 6674 7899

Email : venkat.potturu@knorr-bremse.com, http: www.knorr-bremse.com

│37