Kinesiology Laboratory 2: Muscle MechanicsLength Tension Relationships, Velocity Tension Relationships, Active and Passive Insufficiency

Today’s Activities

1. Grip Strength Analysis

2. Biodex Data Analysis

3. Knee Extension with Goniometers

4. Knee Flexion with Goniometers

5. Exercise Analysis- Upper Extremity (Presentations- Next Week)

Anatomy Review: The Wrist

Anatomy Review: Hamstrings and Quadriceps

Active Insufficiency

When a two-joint muscle is restrained in contraction.

The agonist muscle is slackened to the point where it has lost its ability to generate maximum tension.

Passive Insufficiency

When a two-joint muscle is constrained in elongation.

This occurs when the antagonist muscle cannot be elongated any farther and the full ROM cannot be achieved.

Length Tension Curve

Velocity Tension Curve

Grip Strength DynamometerGrip Number Force

1

2

3

4

5

Wrist Flexed (Highest #)

Graph Results: Force on y-axis, Grip number on x-axisWhat principles are present?

Biodex Machine

Creates a concentric contraction of both the Quads (Flexion) and Hamstrings (Extension)= Isokinetic Exercise

Biodex DataVelocity (deg/sec)

# Repetitions Peak Torque Extension (ft-lbs)

Peak Torque Flexion (ft-lbs)

45 5 159.5 102.2

60 5 150.2 98.9

90 10 141.8 94.4

120 10 142.5 90.8

180 10 114.5 91.5

240 10 103.9 79.9

Graph data for Results section.What principle is being demonstrated?

Knee Extension and Hip Flexion Using a Goniometer Using the Goniometer

Align the goniometer with the joint being tested.

Have the arms pointing toward the moving limb

Complete movement

Align second goniometer arm with limb

Read the degrees of movement

Make note of subjective feelings

Make a table of your results for the lab report

Use figures for each activity

What principle is being shown in activity 3?

What principle is being shown in activity 4?

Example Diagrams:

Presentation Assignments

Group 1: Shoulder Flexors and Shoulder Extensors

Group 2: Shoulder Abductors and Shoulder Internal and External Rotators

Group 3: Elbow Extensors and Wrist Flexors and Extensors

Group 4: Elbow Flexors and Forearm Supinators and Pronators

Presentation Requirements

3 Different Exercise for Each Muscle Group

There must be one gravity eliminated and one gravity resistive exercise per muscle group (Think about the way the body is positioned)

Utilize a variety of equipment (Therabands, dumbbells, benches, etc.)

Present exercises in order of difficulty

Identify the type of muscle contraction (Eccentric or Concentric)

Notes may be used during presentation

For Next Week

Lab Report 2

Presentations

Readings: H&K: Ch5 cont’d, TG: pp 108-112, 127-148 (not palpation)