ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDNISDN

Ksenija Furman Jug

ARNES

ksenija.furman@arnes.si

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Why ISDN?Why ISDN?

ISDN - Integrated Services Digital Network Telephone services -> Telecommunication

services Used for voice, image and data

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN protocolsISDN protocols

E - series for Telephone network and ISDN I - series for ISDN concepts, aspects and

interfaces

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN and OSI modelISDN and OSI model

Layer 1 - Physical (2B1Q) Layer 2 - Data Link (Q.920 - Q.923) Layer 3 - Network (Q.930 - Q.939)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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FundamentalsFundamentals

Types of channels– Bearer channel (B-channel=64 kb/s) clear pipe for data

– Delta channel (D-channel, 16 kb/s or 64 kb/s) call signaling information:

who is calling type of call calling what number

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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FundamentalsFundamentals

Service types– Basic Rate Interface (2 B channels + 1 D channel (16

kb/s))

– Primary Rate Interface (30 B channels + 1 D channel (64 kb/s))

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Advantages of ISDNAdvantages of ISDN

Digital– reliable connection

Speed– 128 kb/s (160 kb/s) for BRI

– 1920 kb/s (2048 kb/s) for PRI

Fast call setup– 2 seconds

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Advantages of ISDN (2)Advantages of ISDN (2)

Bandwidth on Demand– adding new channels to the bundle of channels

Multiple devices– phone, fax, PC, videoconferencing system, router,

terminal adapter,.. each with its own subaddress

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Interfaces and DevicesInterfaces and Devices

TE1

TE2 TA

NT12W4W

ISDN devices

Analog devices:phone, Fax III,...

Rate adaptation

S/T interface U interface

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Interfaces and DevicesInterfaces and Devices

Interfaces– S/T (4w)– U (2w)

Devices– NT1– TE1 - ISDN devices– TE2 - analog devices (need TA)– TA - Terminal Adapter (rate adaptation (V.110, V.120)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Using ISDN for IP Data Using ISDN for IP Data NetworksNetworks

Characteristics– Speed

– Fast call setup

– Bandwidth on Demand

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Using ISDN for IP Data Using ISDN for IP Data NetworksNetworks

Modes of Usage– Dial Up (LAN or host)

– Bandwidth on Demand

– Backup lines

– Permanent connections

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Dial UpDial Up

Providers need:– subscribe for PRI connections or multiple BRI

connections

– ISDN Access Server

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN Access ServersISDN Access Servers

Digital modems (accepting analog and ISDN calls)– software busy-out feature

56 kbit/s technologies Rate adaption (V.110, V.120,..) Compression (Stac,..) Synchronous PPP (with CHAP/PAP

authentication)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN Access Servers 2ISDN Access Servers 2

PPP Multilink BACP Controlling the number of B-channels per

user D-channel based callback CLIP - Caller Line Identification

Presentation

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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56 k Technology56 k TechnologyAccess server

Modem

Telephone switch

Telephone switch

Telephone switch ?

Access server

Modem

Modem

Digital lineAnalog line

<= 33,6 kbps

<= 56 kbpsISDN, E1,..

<= 33,6 kbps

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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56 k Prerequisites56 k Prerequisites

Only one analogue/digital conversion– less noise and faster digital lines

Digital Access Server Same technology in Access Server and in

dial-up modem – K56Flex from Lucent Technologies and Rocwell

– X2 from U.S. Robotics, Texas Instruments and Cirrus Logic

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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56 k Considerations56 k Considerations

56 k not reached in reality– 43 kbps practical maximum

Cost for upgrading equipment to ITU standard

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Dial UpDial Up

Users need for host connections:– subscribe for BRI connection

– ISDN Adapter

Users need for LAN connections– subscribe for PRI or BRI connection

– ISDN router (commercial, PC version with ISDN Adapter,..)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Dial Up - PrivateDial Up - Private

PC with internal or external ISDN adapter

Internet

ISDN Access server

ISDN connection

ISDN connectionTelephone Network

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Dial Up - LANDial Up - LAN

ISDN connection

ISDN connection

ISDN router

Internet

LAN

ISDN Access Server

Telephone Network

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN AdaptersISDN Adapters

Internal/external Active/passive (for internal) Integrated NT Plug for telephone line Integrated modem Synchronous PPP (with CHAP/PAP

authentication)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN Adapters 2ISDN Adapters 2

PPP Multilink Rate adaption (V.110, V.120,..) CAPI Compression (Stac,…)

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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ISDN RoutersISDN Routers

Integrated NT Plug for telephone line Integrated modem Synchronous PPP (with CHAP/PAP

authentication) PPP Multilink Compression (Stac,…) Tarrif management

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Bandwidth on DemandBandwidth on Demand

Router to router connections ISDN call setup when leased line

overloaded

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Backup linesBackup lines

Router to router connections ISDN call setup when leased line fails

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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EquipmentEquipment

ALL EQUIPMENT COMPATIBLE with existing national ISDN services– Test new equipment first

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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Ordering ISDN connectionsOrdering ISDN connections

With or without NT1 Type of NT (NT1, NT1+2ab,…) Types of B-channels (data, voice,both) Usage od D-channel packet data CLIP (Calling Line Identification

Presentation) Standard or comfort services

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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National ISDN variationsNational ISDN variations

USA: 5ESS/DMS100/NI-1/NI-2 Europe: NET3 France: VN2/VN3/NET33 Germany: 1TR6/NET3 Japan Australia

ISDN, CEENet Workshop '97, Zagreb, August '97

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References - URL’sReferences - URL’s

http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/ for RFCs:

http://www.alumni.caltech.edu/~dank/isdn/isdn_ai.html#RFCS

http://www.data.com http://www.pacbell.com/products/business/

fastrak/networking/isdn/info/isdn-guide http://www.adtran.com/support/isu/mpfaq.html