7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacic

Arthur A. Dugoni School of  Dentistry

Week I : Introduction to Dental Anatomy

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Human&Anatomy&&&Gross&Anatomy&   Microscopic&Anatomy&

Examples&Histology&Physiology&Biochemistry&

&

Regional&Groups&

Examples&

Head&&&Neck&Thorax&Abdomen&

ental&Anatomy&

!tudy&o"&the&Teeth&

Restoring&#uncEon&&&&$ontour&

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

General Information

! 

! 

Muscles lay a key role in masticatory functions! seaking ands"allo"ing

 #hey may e$hi%it di&erential regional action due to comle$movements of  the  #M's

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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Introduction to Dental Anatomy

! 

Ma(or )omonents *f   #he  #M'

)ranial +ase

!  #he Mandi%le

!  Muscles *f 

!  Mastication

,With innervation and

vascular suly-

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

+asic Skull Anatomy

! 

! 

Ma$illa  uer  (a" %one

Mandi%le  lo"er  (a" %one

Maxilla

Mandible

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

+asic Skull Anatomy

! 

! 

Ma$illary teeth / ma$illary arch

Mandi%ular teeth / mandi%ular arch

Maxillary

Teeth

Mandibular

Teeth

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #ooth Identication Systems

!  #here are three main systems used in modern dentistry for thenum%ering of  teeth.   #hey are:

!  Universal 0um%ering System

! 

Palmer 0otation System!  International 0um%ering System

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Universal 0um%ering System

! 

! 

1istory

!  Suggested %y Parreidt in 2334

!  Adoted %y the A.D.A. in 2567

Details!  Uses num%ers 2 through 84 for

ermanent teeth

!  Uses letters A through  # forrimary teeth

A  B  $     E # G   H   %   

T  !   R ' P ( N   M   )  * 

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Palmer 0otation System

! Details

!  Uses %rackets to reresent the four9uadrants

!  Permanent teeth are la%eled 2 to 3 oneach side of  the midline

!  Deciduous teeth are la%eled "ith the same%rackets! letters A through 

E    $   B   A

E    $ B A

Uer ;ight   Uer <eft

<o"er ;ight <o"er <eft

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Universal 0um%ering System

!  Details

! 

! 

Uses t"o digits for each tooth

=irst digit reresents dentition! arch and side

!  2 / ermanent dentition! ma$illary! right!  4 / ermanent dentition! ma$illary! left

!  8 / ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! left

!  > / ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! right

!  7 / rimary dentition! ma$illary! right

!  ? / rimary dentition! ma$illary! left

!  6 / rimary dentition! mandi%ular! left

!  3 / rimary dentition! mandi%ular! right

Second num%er denotes the tooth ositionrelative to midline! 2  3! from central incisor to8rd molar

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

International 0um%ering System

! 

! 

! 

! 

! 

! 

! 

! 

2

4

8

>7

?

6

3

/

/

/

//

/

/

/

ermanent dentition! ma$illary! right

ermanent dentition! ma$illary! left

ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! left

ermanent dentition! mandi%ular! rightrimary dentition! ma$illary! right

rimary dentition! ma$illary! left

rimary dentition! mandi%ular! left

rimary dentition! mandi%ular! right

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #rait )ategories  Set  #raits

! Set  #raits / dentition traits  distinguish teeth in the rimarydentition from secondary dentition

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #rait )ategories  Arch  #raits

! Arch  #raits @ distinguish ma$illaryfrom mandi%ular

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #rait )ategories  )lass  #raits

! )lass  #raits @ distinguish the four categories of  teeth ... incisors!canines! remolars! molars

%ncisors

$anines

Premolars

Molars

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #rait )ategories   #ye  #raits

!  #ye  #raits  distinguish teeth "ithin one class

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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Introduction to Dental Anatomy

1umans 1ave  #"o Dentitions  #hroughout <ife

! 

! 

Primary dentition  during childhood

Permanent dentition  during adulthood

Primary entition   Permanent entition

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Anterior vs. Posterior  Permanent Dentition

! 

! 

Anterior  #eeth  incisors and canines

Posterior teeth  remolars and molars

A  A A P P P P   P

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Permanent Dentition

;ight

Uer right

<eft

Uer left

<o"er right <o"er left

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used to Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces  =acial Surface

! =acial Surface  the surface ne$t to the face! theouter surface of  a tooth resting ne$t to the cheeksor lis.

!  Used  in %oth anterior and osterior teeth

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used to Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces  +uccal Surface

! +uccal Surface  the facial surface of  osterior teeth! meaning ne$tto the cheek

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used  #o Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces  <a%ial Surface

! <a%ial Surface  the facial surface ne$t to the lis!generally used for anterior teeth

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used to Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces  Pro$imal Surface

! 

! 

Pro$imal Surface  the surface or side of  atooth that is ne$t to an ad(acent tooth

Pro$imal surfaces are not considered self@cleansing

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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!  Mesial Surface @ is the surface of  the tooth nearest to themidline of  the dental arch

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used

 #o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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!  Distal Surface @ is the surface of  the tooth farthest from themidline of  the dental arch

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used

 #o Distinguish #ooth Surfaces

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used  #o Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces

!  <ingual Surface @ is the surface of ma$illary and mandi%ular teethnearest the tongue

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

 #erminology Used  #o Distinguish  #ooth Surfaces

! 

Palatal Surface @ is thesurface of  ma$illary teethnearest the alate

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Primary Dentition

! 

! 

! 

! 

 #here are 4 teeth in the rimary dentition

!  2 ma$illary teethB 2 mandi%ular teethB 7 teeth in each 9uadrant

 #his dentition is also termed the deciduous dentition

 #he rst signs of  this dentition aear %et"een Cero and si$ monthsPrimary teeth  fall out  due to a natural rocess of  tooth succession

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Dental =ormula for the Primary Dentition

!  #he dental formula for one side of  the mouth is:

%  +

+$

  ,

,M

  +

+- ,. teeth on each side

% %

% %

$

$   M M

M  M

,Permanent 2st molars erut at the age of  ?B "hile most rimary teeth are still in lace-University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Primary Dentition

! 

! 

! 

 #he teeth function an average of  3years for ma$illary teeth

 #he teeth function an average of  6.?years for mandi%ular teeth

1old an imortant role in reservingsace for ermanent teeth

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

)ro"n Proortion  <a%ial Asect of  Primary Incisors

! Primary ma$illary central incisors are theonly incisor in %oth dentitions that is"ider mesiodistally than they are longincisocervically

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

)ervical <ines  <a%ial Asect of  Primary )anines

! 1old an imortant role in

reserving sace for ermanent teeth

M

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Primary Molars

! 

! 

! 

! 

Smaller than rimary second molars

Are 9uite uni9ue in their shae

Primary second molars have considera%lelikeness to ermanent rst molars

Ma$illary molars have three roots andmandi%ular have t"o

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Permanent Dentition

! 

! 

! 

 #here are 84 teeth in the ermanent dentition

!  2? ma$illary teethB 2? mandi%ular teethB 3 teeth in each 9uadrant

 #his dentition is also termed the succedaneous dentition %ecause itsucceeds the rimary dentition

 #he rst signs of  the ermanent dentition aear at age ?

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

General Descrition of  Incisors

!  #here are four ma$illary incisors:

!   #"o centrals

!   #"o laterals

/ 0 1 ,.

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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Introduction to Dental Anatomy

Introduction to )anines

! 

! 

 #here are four canines:

!  0um%ers ?! 22! 44! 46

General information

!   #hey are the longest of  theermanent teeth

!  )alled cornerstones of  the arches

!  Also kno"n as cusids! eyeteethor fangs

2   ,,

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Arthur  A. Dugoni Pacific

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

General Descrition of  Premolars

! 

! 

 #here are eight remolars in human dentition

0um%ers >! 7! 24! 28! 4! 42! 43! 45

3

4

,+

,5

+.

+0  +,

+1

7/21/2019 IPT Intro to Dental Anatomy tooth dental dentistry

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University of  the Pacific Arthur  A. Dugoni

School of  Dentistry

Introduction to Dental Anatomy

General Descrition of  Molars

! 

! 

! 

 #here are 24 ermanent molars

=irst! second and third on each sidema$illary and mandi%ular

Under universal num%ering system they

are 2!4!8!2>!27!2?!26!23!25!8!82!84