vertebrates

-

VERTEBRATES CHARACTERISTICS:

Have backbones

Most are sea and land dwellers

The nerve cord is enclosed by the

projections of the vertebrae

The tail can be the bone and

muscle

TYPES OF VERTEBRATES

Fishes

A. Jawless Fish

B. Cartilaginous Fish

C. Bony fish

Amphibians

Reptiles

Bird

Mammals

FISHES

Found in salty, fresh, cold, or even hot water

Most have scales

Paired fins

Gills

Lay eggs

Cold-blooded

A. JAWLESS FISH

Do not have true teeth

or maybe jawless as

compared to others

Have toothlike

structures

Class Agnathna

Lampreys

Hag fish

Characteristics: Examples:

B. CARTILAGINOUS FISH

Have jaws and use

them in deadly effect

Most are covered w/

tough, sandpaperlike

skin due to the

presence of toothlike

scales.

Sharks

Rays

Skates

Characteristics: Examples:

Shark

Rays

C. BONY FISH

Class Osteichthyes

Have endoskeleton

Bangus (milkfish)

Tuna

Goldfish

Tilapia

Characteristics: Examples:

Bangus (milkfish)

Goldfish

AMPHIBIANS

Amphibia Means “double life”

Lay small eggs, shell-less eggs surrounded by

jellylike substance in moist places or water

Tadpoles (with gills and tails)

Moist skin

3 GROUPS:

Caecilians

-live in water or bury

themselves in moist soil

Caecilian

Salamanders

-live in the forest floors

under rocks and decaying logs

CUTE SALAMANDER

Frog and Toads

-both jump, some leap and attach to tree trunks and branches. Toads are terrestrial. Frogs have smooth skin while toads have rough or warty skin. Frogs and toads eat worms, insects or small animals.

Frogs

Toad

REPTILES

Live on land

Lay eggs with shell to protect them from drying

Have smooth or rough scales for protection from

loss of body water

EXAMPLES:

Lizards and snakes

- do have smooth scales.

Tuko

Cobra

Crocodiles and alligators

-Alligators live in freshwater

only to be found in North and

South America. Crocodiles live

in fresh and salty waters in

tropical and subtropical regions.

GIANT CROCODILE “LOLONG”

Turtles and tortoises

-enclosed in shell. Tortoises

live on land while the turtles

live mostly in water

TURTLE

TORTOISE

BIRDS

Adapted to land life, most bird are adapted to fly.

Have eggs w/ shells, and the legs are covered w/

scales

Body temperature remains the same despite

varying temp. due to the insulation provided by the

feathers.

Characteristics of birds that enable them to fly

include:

Presence of wings and feathers

Large flight muscles in the breast bone and;

Reduced weight……….

PHILIPPINE EAGLE

MAMMALS

Have mammary glands

Have fur / hair

Breathe in air

Have four-chambered hearts

Warm-bloodied

Give birth to live young and care for them

GROUPS OF MAMMALS

Monotremes

-lay eggs similar to those of

birds.

-The spiny anteater

(echidnas) living in Australia,

New Zealand and New Guinea

as well as the duck-billed

platypus are monotremes

PLATYPUS

SPINY ANTEATER

Marsupials

-or the pouched mammals also give

birth to live young.

-After birth, the young are kept inside

pouches and are nourished with the milk from

the mammary glands within these pouches.

-Some marsupials are found in Central

and South America. The opossum lives only

in North America. Others, such as the more

familiar koalas, kangaroos, and wombats and

flying phalangers, are found in Australia and

New Zealand.

Kangaroo

KANGAROO

KOALA

OPOSSUM

Eutherians

-compromise the largest

group of mammals

-known as the placental

mammals, they bear fully

developed young inside the

mother’s uterus.

HUMAN

ARMADILLOS

THE END!!!

Hope that you learn something

Sheena S. O. L.