Post on 20-Aug-2015
• GREGOR MENDEL- Father of Modern Genetics- experimented on the pea plant in 1866.
• CHARLES DARWIN- Father of Evolution- Theory of Natural Selection; Origin of Species
• ARISTOTLE–PANGENESIS
There is a transmission of trait from one generation to another.
There is a hereditary factor.
*PREFORMATIONISM- “HOMONCULUS” in a
sperm and egg cell
• SUTTON- associated the behavior
of chromosomes to genes
• AVERY, MACLEOD & MACCARTHY-genetic material is DNA
• MEISCHER -gave the idea to Avery, MacLeod And MacCarthy that there is a weak
acid
• ROSALIND FRANKLIN -able to give the idea of the structure of DNA using X-Ray
• WATSON AND CRICK-gave the double structure of
DNA which is helix
• CORRENS, DE VRIES, TSCHERMAK (1900)
-duplicated the study of Mendel
• CYTOGENETICS-physical basis of heredity
• MOLECULAR GENETICS-chemical basis of heredity-sub-branches:
GENOMICS – study of genes – most advanced
PROTEOMICS – study of proteins
• CLASSICAL GENETICS- tools and techniques on genetics- way how traits are transmitted
• POPULATION GENETICS
- transmission of genes in a population
- transmission of traits in large group of individuals through the passage of time
• BEHAVIORAL-influence of varying genetics on
animal behavior, effects of human disorders as well as its causes
• PEDIGREE ANALYSIS- uses pedigree to
study the transmission of traits in a family
*PEDIGREE – pictorial representation od the members of the family
• KARYOTYPING- detect chromosomal abnormalities- uses karyotype or karyogram
*KARYOTYPE – pictorial representation of chromosomes
• PLANNED EXPERIMENTAL BREEDING
- uses Punnet Square
*PUNNET SQUARE - diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment
• TWIN STUDY- Fraternal (Dizygotic twin)
2 zygote = 2 fertilized egg - Identical (Monozygotic twin)
1 zygote = 1 fertilized egg
*POINT OF STUDY:- Concordance Twin
Both posses a trait or both does not posses a trait
One posses a trait and the other does not
• LEGAL APPLICATION/ FORENSIC- for solving crimes
ex. Fingerprints
• AGRICULTURE- genetically modified plants and
animals
• FIELD OF MEDICINE/ MEDICAL APPLICATION- detecting diseases that are hereditary- gene therapy
• GENETIC COUNSELING- to give counsel to prospective parents