Introduction to Earth ScienceIntroduction to Earth ScienceMr. BryantMr. Bryant

Objectives:Objectives:

Objectives:Objectives:

1. List the three sciences included in earth science.2. Distinguish between observations and inferences.3. Convert numbers into scientific notation and express

numbers in scientific notation as whole numbers.4. Distinguish between basic units and derived units.

5. List the most commonly use prefixes of the metric system

6. Define density, mass, and volume and solve problems related to each.

7. List the two reasons scientists classify objects.

8. List and describe the two types of change and give examples of each.

Obj. 1 Obj. 1 1. What are the Sciences included in 1. What are the Sciences included in Earth Science? Earth Science?

Geology

a. Rocks and Mineralsb. Tectonics and Earthquakesc. Paleontology and Earth History

Mt. Marcy (5344 Ft.) Highest Peak Mt. Marcy (5344 Ft.) Highest Peak in New York Statein New York State

Geology- EarthquakesGeology- Earthquakes

Geology- TectonicsGeology- Tectonics

Geology -PaleontologyGeology -Paleontology

MeteorologyMeteorologya. Weather and Climatea. Weather and Climate

• Tornado

Hurricane Irene, August 23, 2011Hurricane Irene, August 23, 2011

Projected Path.Projected Path.

AstronomyAstronomya. Planets, Stars, Galaxies, Universea. Planets, Stars, Galaxies, Universe

Stars

GalaxiesGalaxies

UniverseUniverse

Obj. 2 Obj. 2 1. Distinguish between Observations 1. Distinguish between Observations and inferences and inferences

Observations

a.Using all senses: sight, hearing,

feeling, taste, and smell.

InferencesInferences

a. Using observations to

make an educated guess.

Obj. 3Obj. 31. Scientific Notation1. Scientific Notation

a. Powers of 10

b. Used by scientists to express

very large or very small numbers

Powers of TenPowers of Ten

Click Here

Obj. 4Obj. 4

1. Basic units are fundamental unitsa. Meter (m) = lengthb. Liter (L) = liquid volumec. Gram (g) = massd. Second (sec) = time2. Derived units are combinations of

fundamental unitsa. Velocity = m/sec

Obj. 5Obj. 51. Prefixes in Science1. Prefixes in Science

Meaning Scientific Notation

- 3

milli 1/1000 1 x 10 - 2

centi 1/100 1 x 10 3

kilo 1000 1 x 10

Obj. 6Obj. 61. Density (Go to your ESRT and write 1. Density (Go to your ESRT and write the equation for density.) the equation for density.)Equation: Density (g/cm3)= Mass/Volume

a. Mass (g)= The amount of matter in an object. Note: Your mass does NOT change if you go to the moon.

b. Volume (L or cm3) - The amount of space an object occupies

Obj. 7Obj. 71. Classification1. Classification

a. We classify to make objects easier to

b. Objects are grouped together if they have similar or

• Example: We classify all rocks made of rock fragments as Sedimentary

•  

study.

properties characteristics

Obj. 8Obj. 81. Change1. Change

a. Change can be either or

Examples of noncyclic: Examples of cyclic:

b. Cyclic changes are predictable into the future.

cyclic noncyclic

EarthquakesVolcanoes, Landslides

Tides, Phases of the moon, day and night

ActivityActivity

Do Sunspot Activity including questions.

Obj. 9•Models are simplified representations of objects, structures or system used to: analyze, explain or interpret.Examples: Maps, Charts, 3-D objects such as globes.