Introducing Assetic: Asset Management for PHP 5.3

Introducing AsseticAsset Management for PHP 5.3

Kris Wallsmith February 9, 2011

@kriswallsmith

• Symfony core team member

• Doctrine contributor

• Symfony Guru at

• 10+ years experience with PHP and web development

• Open source evangelist and international speaker

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• PHP 5.3 + Symfony2

• MongoDB + Doctrine MongoDB ODM

• MySQL + Doctrine2 ORM

• Less CSS

• jQuery

Agenda

• Strawman

• The code

• Twig Integration

• Symfony2 Integration

Symfony2 is FAST

But you can still f*** that up

We build tools thatencourage best practices

Best practices like…

• Dependency injection (DI)

• Proper caching, edge side includes (ESI)

• Test-driven development (TDD)

• Don't repeat yourself (DRY)

• Keep it simple, SVP (KISS)

• Performance

If you haven’t optimized your frontend, you haven’t optimized

Get your assets in line.

A poorly optimized frontendcan destroy UX

…and SEO!

http://googlewebmastercentral.blogspot.com/2010/04/using-site-speed-in-web-search-ranking.html

Asset Management

Lots of awesome tools• CoffeeScript

• Compass Framework

• CSSEmbed

• Google Closure Compiler

• JSMin

• LESS

• Packer

• SASS

• Sprockets

• YUI Compressor

The ones written in PHP…

This is a difficult problem

Assetic makes it easy

Are you ready tokick some Assetic!?!

# /path/to/web/js/core.php

$core = new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js');$core->load();

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $core->dump();

$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->load();

Merge many files into one: fewer HTTP requests

$core = new AssetCollection(array( new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'), new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),), array( new YuiCompressorJsFilter('/path/to/yui.jar'),));$core->load();

Compress the merged asset: less data over the wire

Assetic isAssets & Filters

Inspired by Python’s webassets

https://github.com/miracle2k/webassets

Assets have lazy, mutable content

Filters act on asset contents during “load” and “dump”

Assets can be gathered in collections

A collection is an asset

FilterFilter

Asset Collection

FilterFilter

Asset Collection

FilterFilter

# /path/to/web/css/styles.php

$styles = new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter()));

header('Content-Type: text/css');echo $styles->dump();

$styles = new AssetCollection(array( new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter()) ), new FileAsset('/path/to/more.css'),));

$styles = new AssetCollection(array( new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter()) ), new FileAsset('/path/to/more.css'),), array( new YuiCompressorCss('/path/to/yui.jar'),));

Lazy! The filesystem isn't touched until now

Basic Asset Classes

• AssetCollection

• AssetReference

• FileAsset

• GlobAsset

• StringAsset

Core Filter Classes• CallablesFilter

• CoffeeScriptFilter

• CssRewriteFilter

• GoogleClosure\CompilerApiFilter

• GoogleClosure\CompilerJarFilter

• LessFilter

• Sass\SassFilter

• Sass\ScssFilter

• SprocketsFilter

• Yui\CssCompressorFilter

• Yui\JsCompressorFilter

• More to come…

Asset Manager

$am = new AssetManager();$am->set('jquery', new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.js'));

$plugin = new AssetCollection(array( new AssetReference($am, 'jquery'), new FileAsset('/path/to/jquery.plugin.js'),));

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, $plugin1, $plugin2,));

header('text/javascript');echo $core->dump();

jQuery will only be included once

Filter Manager

$yui = new YuiCompressorJs();$yui->setNomunge(true);

$fm = new FilterManager();$fm->set('yui_js', $yui);

$jquery = new FileAsset('/path/to/core.js');$jquery->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

$core = new AssetCollection(array( $jquery, new GlobAsset('/path/to/js/core/*.js'),));$core->ensureFilter($fm->get('yui_js'));

jQuery will only be compressed once

Asset Factory

# /path/to/asset_factory.php

$fm = new FilterManager();$fm->set('coffee', new CoffeeScriptFilter());$fm->set('closure', new GoogleClosure\CompilerApi());

$factory = new AssetFactory('/path/to/web');$factory->setAssetManager($am);$factory->setFilterManager($fm);

include '/path/to/asset_factory.php';

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', 'closure'));

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $asset->dump();

Debug Mode

Debugging compressedJavascript sucks

Mark filters for omissionin debug mode

// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', true);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', 'closure'));

// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', true);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'));

// new AssetFactory('/path/to/web', false);

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('debug' => true));

Factory Workers

Everything passes through the workers’ hands

$worker = new EnsureFilterWorker( '/\.css$/', // the output pattern $fm->get('yui_css'), // the filter false // the debug mode);

$factory = new AssetFactory('/path/to/web');$factory->addWorker($worker);

// compressed$factory->createAsset('css/sass/*', 'sass', array( 'output' => 'css',));

$worker = new EnsureFilterWorker( '/\.css$/', // the output pattern $fm->get('yui_css'), // the filter false // the debug mode);

$factory = new AssetFactory('/path/to/web');$factory->addWorker($worker);

// uncompressed$factory->createAsset('css/sass/*', 'sass', array( 'output' => 'css', 'debug' => true,));

Not Lazy Enough?

Asset Formulae and theLazy Asset Manager

$asset = $factory->createAsset( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('output' => 'js'));

$formula = array( array('js/src/*.coffee'), array('coffee', '?closure'), array('output' => 'js'));

$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->setFormula('core_js', $formula);

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');echo $am->get('core_js')->dump();

Good: Basic Caching

$styles = new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter()));

echo $styles->dump();

$styles = new AssetCache(new AssetCollection( array(new FileAsset('/path/to/main.sass')), array(new SassFilter())), new FilesystemCache('/path/to/cache'));

echo $styles->dump();

Run the filters once and cache the content

Better: HTTP Caching

$mtime = gmdate($core->getLastModified());

if ($mtime == $_SERVER['HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE']) { header('HTTP/1.0 304 Not Modified'); exit();}

header('Content-Type: text/javascript');header('Last-Modified: '.$mtime);echo $core->dump();

Best: Static Assets

# /path/to/scripts/dump_assets.php

$am = new AssetManager();$am->set('foo', $foo);// etc...

$writer = new AssetWriter('/path/to/web');$writer->writeManagerAssets($am);

# /path/to/scripts/dump_assets.php

$am = new AssetManager();$am->set('foo', $foo);// etc...

$writer = new AssetWriter('/path/to/web');foreach (array_slice($argv, 1) as $name) { $writer->writeAsset($am->get($name));}

Best-est:Content Distribution Network

new AssetWriter('s3://my-bucket')

A CloudFront S3 bucket

Twig Integration

$twig->addExtension(new AsseticExtension($factory));

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee', filter='coffee' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee', filter='coffee' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee', filter='coffee', output='js' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee', filter='coffee', output='js' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

{% assetic 'js/*.coffee', filter='coffee,?closure', output='js', name='core_js' %}<script src="{{ asset_url }}"></script>{% endassetic %}

Formula LoaderUses the Twig parser to extract asset formulae from templates

$loader = new FormulaLoader($twig);

// loop through your templates$formulae = array();foreach ($templates as $template) { $formulae += $loader->load($template);}

$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->addFormulae($formulae);

if (!file_exists($cache = '/path/to/formulae.php')) { $loader = new FormulaLoader($twig);

// loop through your templates $formulae = array(); foreach ($templates as $template) { $formulae += $loader->load($template); }

file_put_contents($cache, '<?php return '.var_export($formulae, true));}

$am = new LazyAssetManager($factory);$am->addFormulae(require $cache);

AsseticBundle

{% assetic filter='scss,?yui_css', output='css/all.css', '@MainBundle/Resources/sass/main.scss', '@AnotherBundle/Resources/sass/more.scss' %}<link href="{{ asset_url }}" rel="stylesheet" />{% endassetic %}

{% assetic filter='scss,?yui_css', output='css/all.css', '@MainBundle/Resources/sass/main.scss', debug=true, '@AnotherBundle/Resources/sass/more.scss' %}<link href="{{ asset_url }}" rel="stylesheet" />{% endassetic %}

Each "leaf" asset is referenced individually

Configuration

assetic.config: debug: %kernel.debug% use_controller: %kernel.debug% document_root: %kernel.root_dir%/../web

{# when use_controller=true #}

# routing_dev.yml_assetic: resource: . type: assetic

{# when use_controller=false #}

Lots for free

The Symfony2 Assets Helper

• Multiple asset domains

• Cache buster

app.config: templating: assets_version: 1.2.3 assets_base_urls: - http://assets1.domain.com - http://assets2.domain.com - http://assets3.domain.com - http://assets4.domain.com

assetic:dump

$ php app/console assetic:dump web/

$ php app/console assetic:dump s3://my-bucket

Register a stream wrapper in boot()

PHP templatesComing soon…

<?php foreach ($view['assetic']->urls( array('@MainBundle/Resources/sass/main.scss', '@AnotherBundle/Resources/sass/more.scss'), array('scss', '?yui_css'), array('output' => 'css/all.css')) as $url): ?> <link href="<?php echo $url ?>" rel="stylesheet" /><?php endforeach; ?>

Fork me!http://github.com/kriswallsmith/symfony-sandbox

What’s Next?

• Finish Symfony2 helpers for PHP templates

• Filter configuration

• Image sprites, embedded image data

• --watch commands

• Client-aware optimizations?

• Better CDN integration

Assetic is a killer feature of Symfony2…

…but is only one month old,so be nice :)

Questions?

Assetichttp://github.com/kriswallsmith/assetic

Introducing Assetic: Asset Management for PHP 5.3

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