INTRO TO BASICINTRO TO BASICWEATHERIZATIONWEATHERIZATION

Goal of Basic TrainingGoal of Basic Training

WV Weatherization Program WV Weatherization Program MissionMission

To reduce the energy costs To reduce the energy costs for low-income families, for low-income families,

particularly for the elderly, particularly for the elderly, people with disabilities, and people with disabilities, and children, by improving the children, by improving the energy efficiency of their energy efficiency of their

homes while ensuring their homes while ensuring their health and safety.health and safety.

Focus of the ProgramFocus of the Program

Save energy dollars for the clientSave energy dollars for the client

Give the client more disposable Give the client more disposable incomeincome

• Better afford necessities of lifeBetter afford necessities of life

Improve standard of livingImprove standard of living

Improve environment - greenImprove environment - green

How are we funded?How are we funded?

US US Department Department of Energy & of Energy & WV DHHRWV DHHR

Governors Governors Office of Office of

Economic Economic OpportunityOpportunity

Community Action Community Action AgenciesAgencies

Low-Income Low-Income ClientClient

ProfessionalismProfessionalism

Be considerate of clients and their propertyBe considerate of clients and their property

You represent the agencyYou represent the agency

Keep job site organized, clean, safe and Keep job site organized, clean, safe and lead safelead safe

Neat and clean in appearanceNeat and clean in appearance

Smoking in designated areas only, Smoking in designated areas only, cigarette butts in trashcigarette butts in trash

Clean up at end of dayClean up at end of day

Typical Home Energy CostsTypical Home Energy Costs

Heating & Cooling44%

Refrigerator9%

Water Heating14%

Lighting, cooking, and other

appliances33%

Building Science - THE BASICS

• Hot moves to cold.

• 1 cfm out = 1 cfm in

• Air takes path of least resistance.

• Air flows from high pressure to low pressure.

Building Science - THE BASICS

The movement of heat through or between solid objects that touch each other.

Insulation restricts the flow of heat by conduction.

Building Science - THE BASICS

The transfer of heat caused by the actual movement of air or water.

Warm air rises-cold air falls.

Building Science - THE BASICS

The movement of heat waves through space from one object to another.

This occurs in the summer when the sun strikes a roof and then radiates heat to the attic floor.

Building Science - THE BASICS

The uncontrolled flow of air into and out of a home through air leaks.

By caulking, sealing and weather stripping holes and cracks a savings of up to 30% can be realized.

Building Science - THE BASICS

InfiltrationInfiltration & exfiltrationexfiltration

Types of InfiltrationTypes of Infiltration

Stack (chimney) effect – Warm air rises Stack (chimney) effect – Warm air rises pulling cold air into lower portion of house.pulling cold air into lower portion of house.

Wind-driven – Wind blows cold air into Wind-driven – Wind blows cold air into home. home.

Mechanical driven – A result of exhaust Mechanical driven – A result of exhaust fans, combustion appliances or air fans, combustion appliances or air handlers.handlers.

House as a SystemHouse as a SystemThe need to control air, heat, moisture!The need to control air, heat, moisture!

Interaction between clients, building Interaction between clients, building components and mechanical systemscomponents and mechanical systems

Health and Safety firstHealth and Safety first

Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)

Building Tightness Limits (BTL)Building Tightness Limits (BTL)

Moisture/moldMoisture/mold

Structure durabilityStructure durability

Carbon MonoxideCarbon Monoxide

Balance of comfort and HVAC efficiency Balance of comfort and HVAC efficiency

Air Sealing DiagnosticsAir Sealing Diagnostics

DG 700 Pressure Gauge

Fan Controller

Membrane

Adjustable Frame

Fan

Red Hose Fan cfm’s

Green Hose House Pa

Blower Door Configuration Blower Door Configuration

Blower Door Blower Door

• Set home to winter conditionsSet home to winter conditions

• Turn off all fans and HVAC equipmentTurn off all fans and HVAC equipment

• Depressurize house to –50 pascalsDepressurize house to –50 pascals

• RecordRecord (pre, daily, post) WX blower door (pre, daily, post) WX blower door readingreading

• Set target range – BTL, upper limitSet target range – BTL, upper limit

• Utilize BD to identify leakage areasUtilize BD to identify leakage areas

• Air seal the largest leaks first Air seal the largest leaks first

- primary and secondary- primary and secondary

• Air seal into lower part of target rangeAir seal into lower part of target range

Whole House DepressurizationWhole House Depressurization

Building Shell Losses

Goal of Basic TrainingGoal of Basic Training

Analyze

Evaluate

? ??

Work smarter, Not harder!

Health & Safety ConsiderationsHealth & Safety Considerations

Ambient Air TestingAmbient Air Testing

Lead Safe WX (LSW)Lead Safe WX (LSW)

Mold - MoistureMold - Moisture

Carbon Monoxide (CO) TestingCarbon Monoxide (CO) Testing

DraftDraft

Unsanitary Conditions-Sewer Unsanitary Conditions-Sewer LeaksLeaks

Code ComplianceCode Compliance

Define Pressure & Insulation Define Pressure & Insulation BoundariesBoundaries

Air Sealing BenefitsAir Sealing Benefits

Reduces Energy Costs – represents Reduces Energy Costs – represents 5 – 40% of heating costs 5 – 40% of heating costs

Extends life of homeExtends life of home

Reduces moisture mitigation into Reduces moisture mitigation into building cavitiesbuilding cavities

Protects insulation thermal resistanceProtects insulation thermal resistance

Reduces drafts Reduces drafts

Increases comfortIncreases comfort

Reduces greenhouse gas emissionsReduces greenhouse gas emissions

Insulation BenefitsInsulation Benefits

Reduces energy costs – Heating & Reduces energy costs – Heating & CoolingCooling

Increases comfortIncreases comfort

Reduces outside noiseReduces outside noise

Reduces Infiltration – dense packReduces Infiltration – dense pack

Reduces greenhouse gas emissionsReduces greenhouse gas emissions

AIR (PRESSURE) BARRIER + INSULATION AIR (PRESSURE) BARRIER + INSULATION BARRIER = THERMAL BOUNDARIESBARRIER = THERMAL BOUNDARIES

Insulation and pressure boundaries should Insulation and pressure boundaries should be the same and be continuous.be the same and be continuous.

Air-leakage locationsAir-leakage locations

Define Air & Insulation BoundariesDefine Air & Insulation Boundaries

Define Air & Insulation BoundariesDefine Air & Insulation Boundaries

Define Air & Insulation BoundariesDefine Air & Insulation Boundaries

air seal attic prior to insulatingair seal attic prior to insulating!!

Attics leak around penetrations: pipes, chimneys, Attics leak around penetrations: pipes, chimneys, electric wires, light fixtures, etc.electric wires, light fixtures, etc.

Air leaks - Where to look?Air leaks - Where to look?

Electrical Electrical penetrationspenetrations

Around chimneys

Seal with non combustible Seal with non combustible sheet metal and high sheet metal and high

temperature caulktemperature caulk

Air leaks - Where to look?Air leaks - Where to look?

Balloon frame wallsBalloon frame walls

Top plate of wallsTop plate of walls

Recessed Recessed light light

fixturesfixtures

Air leaks - Where to Air leaks - Where to look?look?

Drop down Drop down steps or attic steps or attic

hatcheshatches Cover with fire Cover with fire resistant drywall or resistant drywall or

sheet-metal sheet-metal enclosuresenclosures

Cover with fire Cover with fire resistant drywall or resistant drywall or

sheet-metal sheet-metal enclosuresenclosures

Air leaks - Where to look?Air leaks - Where to look?

HVAC Ductwork or HVAC Ductwork or flue penetrationsflue penetrations

Bottom of knee wallsBottom of knee walls

Air leaks - Where to look?Air leaks - Where to look?

Plumbing Plumbing PenetrationPenetration

ss

Expanding foam is an alternative

for gaps too large for caulk

(>1/4”)

Expanding foam is an alternative

for gaps too large for caulk

(>1/4”)

Air leaks - Where to look?Air leaks - Where to look?

Power Entrance WirePower Entrance Wire

Marriage Wall in Double WideMarriage Wall in Double Wide

Attic InsulationAttic Insulation

AIR SEAL ATTICAIR SEAL ATTIC Install insulation damInstall insulation dam

Mark and cover electrical junction boxesMark and cover electrical junction boxes

Install attic venting – high/low patternInstall attic venting – high/low pattern

Insulate/air seal interior attic hatchInsulate/air seal interior attic hatch

Insulate to R-38, based on coverage chartInsulate to R-38, based on coverage chart

Continuous over all conditioned spaces Continuous over all conditioned spaces

Attic InsulationAttic Insulation

Electrical junction Electrical junction markersmarkers EvenEven coverage

to R38EvenEven coverage

to R38

DamDam

Dense Pack Wall InsulationDense Pack Wall Insulation• Wall assessment – Inspect wall for evidence Wall assessment – Inspect wall for evidence of moisture damage, knob-and-tube wiring, of moisture damage, knob-and-tube wiring, gaps, lead, asbestos, pocket doors and strength gaps, lead, asbestos, pocket doors and strength of constructionof construction

• Options – Interior, exterior, siding removalOptions – Interior, exterior, siding removal

• Where possible, remove siding and drill Where possible, remove siding and drill through sheathing. When replaced it must be through sheathing. When replaced it must be weatherproofedweatherproofed

• Sidewall plugs (compatible) must be caulked Sidewall plugs (compatible) must be caulked and primedand primed

Dense Pack Wall InsulationDense Pack Wall Insulation

• Drill pattern should be uniform and Drill pattern should be uniform and provide even coverage above windows provide even coverage above windows and doors.and doors.

• Probe walls to identify cavity, fire breaks Probe walls to identify cavity, fire breaks or other obstructions.or other obstructions.

• Seal balloon frame constructed walls at Seal balloon frame constructed walls at top & bottom prior to insulatingtop & bottom prior to insulating.

Dense Pack Wall InsulationDense Pack Wall Insulation

Dense Pack Wall InsulationDense Pack Wall Insulation

Remove Siding Drill Probe Cavity Remove Siding Drill Probe Cavity

Dense Pack Wall InsulationDense Pack Wall Insulation

Install fiberglass insulation plug or Install fiberglass insulation plug or foam bottom and top of Balloon foam bottom and top of Balloon Frame Walls prior to insulationFrame Walls prior to insulation

Knee Wall InsulationKnee Wall Insulation

• Seal base of knee wallSeal base of knee wall• If needed, remove attic If needed, remove attic

flooring to allow for air sealingflooring to allow for air sealing• Insulate wall area to R19 Insulate wall area to R19

fiberglass or dense packfiberglass or dense pack• Air seal and insulate roof rafter Air seal and insulate roof rafter

combinationcombination• Insulate collar beam areaInsulate collar beam area

– R38 and ventR38 and vent– Or fill cavity Or fill cavity

Knee Wall AccessKnee Wall Access

• Access must be width of knee wall stud cavity by Access must be width of knee wall stud cavity by 24” high 24” high

• If unreasonable to provide permanent access to If unreasonable to provide permanent access to all knee wall areas, the attic and/or knee wall all knee wall areas, the attic and/or knee wall area must be inspected by a PWI. Insulation area must be inspected by a PWI. Insulation must be adequately documented in the client file must be adequately documented in the client file with photo documentation.with photo documentation.

• If there are no interior accesses, at least one If there are no interior accesses, at least one exterior access to each attic space shall be left exterior access to each attic space shall be left for inspection purposes.for inspection purposes.

• Access shall be weather stripped and insulated Access shall be weather stripped and insulated to the same R-value as the knee wall. At least to the same R-value as the knee wall. At least one latch shall be installed to ensure air one latch shall be installed to ensure air tightness.tightness.

Floor Insulation – Defining Floor Insulation – Defining BoundariesBoundaries

Pg. 95Pg. 95

• Air seal floor if basement or Air seal floor if basement or crawl space is determined crawl space is determined outsideoutside the thermal boundarythe thermal boundary

• Air seal band joist and foundation Air seal band joist and foundation if floor is determined to be if floor is determined to be insideinside the thermal boundarythe thermal boundary

Floor InsulationFloor Insulation

• AIR SEALAIR SEAL

• Insulate to R19Insulate to R19

• Netting is the preferred methodNetting is the preferred method

• Install insulation with vapor barrier Install insulation with vapor barrier towards conditioned spacetowards conditioned space

• Install 6 mil black ground vapor barrier Install 6 mil black ground vapor barrier over entire crawl spaceover entire crawl space

Ducts and PipesDucts and Pipes

• When floor insulation is installed, When floor insulation is installed, ductwork below the floor insulation ductwork below the floor insulation must be appropriately sealed and must be appropriately sealed and insulatedinsulated

• Ducts must sealed and insulated to Ducts must sealed and insulated to a minimum of R6a minimum of R6

• Water pipes must also be insulatedWater pipes must also be insulated

Duct SealingDuct Sealing Test with pressure Test with pressure

pan to determine pan to determine leakage of duct. leakage of duct. - the higher the the higher the

reading, the reading, the leakier the ductleakier the duct

- goal is total sum - goal is total sum of 0 – 3paof 0 – 3pa

AlwaysAlways seal and seal and insulate ducts/pipes insulate ducts/pipes that are outside the that are outside the thermal boundarythermal boundary

Ductwork -Ductwork -SEALING & INSULATINGSEALING & INSULATING

Test for air leaksTest for air leaks

Look for disconnects or gapsLook for disconnects or gaps

Ductwork -Ductwork -SEALING & INSULATINGSEALING & INSULATING

Inspect for leakage Inspect for leakage locations locations

Ductwork -SEALING & INSULATINGDuctwork -SEALING & INSULATING

CleanClean

Apply mastic & fiber Apply mastic & fiber tape (if necessary)tape (if necessary)

DuctworkDuctwork

Address supplyAddress supply

andand return side return side

BaseloadBaseload

The energy used by electric or gas The energy used by electric or gas appliances that is not related to space heating appliances that is not related to space heating or cooling is called baseload energy.or cooling is called baseload energy.

Baseload includes: lighting, refrigeration, Baseload includes: lighting, refrigeration, water heating, cooking, and electronics.water heating, cooking, and electronics.

All measures must prove a Savings-to-All measures must prove a Savings-to-investment ratio (SIR) greater than 1.investment ratio (SIR) greater than 1.

BaseloadBaseload Refrigerator – Must test for a minimum of two hours Refrigerator – Must test for a minimum of two hours

utilizing the Watts-up meter. utilizing the Watts-up meter.

Water Heater:Water Heater: Water heater wrap – set temperature to 120Water heater wrap – set temperature to 12000

Pipe insulation – first 3 feet of cold, all hotPipe insulation – first 3 feet of cold, all hot Low flow – 20 sec. test in gallon jug, replace. 2.5 Low flow – 20 sec. test in gallon jug, replace. 2.5

or lessor less

Compact fluorescent lights – installed in fixtures Compact fluorescent lights – installed in fixtures where lights are used for more than 2 hours a day. where lights are used for more than 2 hours a day. CFL’s use up to 75% less than incandescent lights.CFL’s use up to 75% less than incandescent lights.

Governors Office of Economic OpportunityGovernors Office of Economic OpportunityProgram Specialist’s Contact NumbersProgram Specialist’s Contact Numbers

Stacy KeysStacy Keys

TESCTESC

304-487-6571304-487-6571

304-767-5448 304-767-5448 CellCell

Danny NeelyDanny Neely

TESCTESC

304-487-6575304-487-6575

304-767-5446 304-767-5446 CellCell

Lyn M. BartgesLyn M. Bartges

GOEOGOEO

304-558-8860304-558-8860

Ext. 21Ext. 21

304-553-9126 304-553-9126 CellCell

Rich CourtneyRich Courtney

NRONRO

304-368-3902304-368-3902

304-767-5447 304-767-5447 CellCell

Earnie KuhnEarnie Kuhn

GOEOGOEO

304-558-8860 Ext. 304-558-8860 Ext. 3232

304-881-2297 Cell304-881-2297 Cell